Axonal elongation into peripheral nervous system "bridges" after central nervous system injury in adult rats   总被引：48，自引：0，他引：48  

S David  A J Aguayo 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,214(4523):931-933

The origin, termination, and length of axonal growth after focal central nervous system injury was examined in adult rats by means of a new experimental model. When peripheral nerve segments were used as "bridges" between the medulla and spinal cord, axons from neurons at both these levels grew approximately 30 millimeters. The regenerative potential of these central neurons seems to be expressed when the central nervous system glial environment is changed to that of the peripheral nervous system.  相似文献   

The persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus on wool   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KA McCOLL  HA WESTBURY  RP KITCHING†  VM LEWIS 《Australian veterinary journal》1995,72(8):286-292

SUMMARY Five Suffolk sheep, held in a high-security isolation room, were exposed for 2 hours to the aerosol of 3 mature pigs that had been infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), strain O₁-BFS. The fleeces of 3 of the sheep were contaminated with FMDV at 2 days post exposure (dpe), while at 5 dpe the fleeces of all 5 sheep were more extensively, and more heavily, contaminated. The persistence of FMDV on contaminated wool was examined in vitro using multiple 0.5 g samples of Merino wool that were each contaminated with one of 3 strains of FMDV in tissue-culture medium: O₁-BFS, O-Morocco (O-MOR 9/91) or an Asia 1 strain (TAI 1/90). Wool samples were held at either 4°C, 18°C or 37°C, and decay curves were established for each virus at each temperature. These curves predicted that O₁-BFS, O-MOR 9/91 and TAI 1/90 would fall below detect-able levels at 72, 70 and 48 days post contamination (pc), respectively, for wool stored at 4°C; at 11, 12 and 12 days pc, respectively, for wool stored at 18°C; and at 57, 68 and 33 hours pc, respectively, for wool stored at 37°C. For wool contaminated with O₁-BFS-infected sheep faeces, urine or blood, or with O₁-BFS-infected cattle saliva, decay curves predicted virus to persist for 5 to 11 days pc at 18°C. We demonstrated that the simulated scouring of FMDV-contaminated wool at 60° to 70°C would usually reduce virus to below detectable levels. The detergent component of the scouring process had little, if any, antiviral activity, and scouring at 20°C or 50°C had limited impact on FMDV titres . We recommend that either (1) simple storage of FMDV-contaminated wool for 4 weeks at temperatures of 18°C or higher, or (2) scouring of contaminated wool at 60° to 70°C would be sufficient to remove the threat of FMDV-contaminated wool being infectious to other animals .  相似文献   

Management of polyethylene glycol solution aspiration using bronchoscopic lavage in a dog     

Daniela M. Aguayo Santaella  Shelly J. Olin  Michael D. Willard  Jacqueline C. Whittemore 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(3):1304-1307

Polyethylene glycol lavage solutions are used for colonic preparation in dogs and are considered relatively safe. Aspiration is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of polyethylene glycol administration. Full recovery is possible and often rapid in people treated with bronchoalveolar lavage. A healthy 2-year-old male Beagle used in an endoscopy teaching laboratory aspirated a small amount of polyethylene glycol lavage solution. Although initially appearing unaffected, the dog quickly became hypoxemic. Bronchoscopy was used to lavage the lungs and aspirate tracheal/pulmonary fluid 5 times over the course of 45 minutes. The dog completely recovered. This report presents the successful treatment of polyethylene glycol aspiration in a dog. Although the seriousness of aspiration might not be immediately evident, bronchoscopy and lavage should be pursued because of the rapidly progressive nature of polyethylene glycol-induced pulmonary edema.  相似文献   

Acceptability of multiple micronutrient supplements by pregnant and lactating women in Mali     

Aguayo VM  Koné D  Bamba SI  Diallo B  Sidibé Y  Traoré D  Signé P  Baker SK 《Public health nutrition》2005,8(1):33-37

BACKGROUND: In Mali, an estimated 73% of pregnant women are anaemic largely due to iron deficiency. National policy recommends women to take iron and folic acid supplements daily from first prenatal contact until 3 months postpartum. However, many pregnant women in Mali could benefit from multiple micronutrient supplements. OBJECTIVE: To assess pregnant women's acceptability of and adherence to a daily multiple micronutrient supplementation scheme compared with the current daily iron and folic acid supplementation scheme. DESIGN: Seventy pregnant women were allocated to either the daily multiple micronutrient or daily iron and folic acid supplementation scheme. Women started receiving supplements at the end of the first trimester of pregnancy until delivery and throughout the first 3 months postpartum. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between comparison groups with respect to women's perceptions about supplement size, colour, taste or flavour. Adherence to the multiple micronutrient supplementation scheme was better (257.5+/-20.9 tablets; average adherence 95.4%) than that to the iron and folic acid supplementation scheme (238.5+/-32.7 tablets; average adherence 92.2%; P=0.008) although both were very good, as were women's perceptions about the benefits of micronutrient supplements to their health and that of their newborns. CONCLUSION: Malian women adhere to prenatal/postpartum micronutrient supplementation - no matter what supplement is chosen - when access to supplements is guaranteed and when they are provided with minimum, consistent and easily understandable information and counselling, indicating that these are key elements to ensure effective programmes. These findings, together with those of the global research agenda on the efficacy of multiple micronutrient supplements for pregnant women, will inform policy development in Mali for the effective control of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anaemia in pregnant women.  相似文献   

Laminated diatomaceous sediments from the guaymas basin slope (central gulf of california): 250,000-year climate record     

Schrader H  Kelts K  Curray J  Moore D  Aguayo E  Aubry MP  Einsele G  Fornari D  Gieskes J  Guerrero J  Kastner M  Lyle M  Matoba Y  Molina-Cruz A  Niemitz J  Rueda J  Saunders A  Simoneit B  Vaquier V 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1980,207(4436):1207-1209

During Deep Sea Drilling Project-International Program of Ocean Drilling leg 64, December 1978 to January 1979, the initial test of the Deep Sea Drilling Project's hydraulic piston corer obtained an almost undisturbed section from a 152-meter hole into the sediments of the oxygen minimum zone at a depth of 655 meters along the Guaymas slope in the central Gulf of California. The section records variations in climate, productivity, and circulation for more than 250,000 years of Late Pleistocene to Holocene history with recordings of seasonal variations in these parameters in the laminated sections.  相似文献   

Electrophysiologic responses in hamster superior colliculus evoked by regenerating retinal axons   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

S A Keirstead  M Rasminsky  Y Fukuda  D A Carter  A J Aguayo  M Vidal-Sanz 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4927):255-257

Autologous peripheral nerve grafts were used to permit and direct the regrowth of retinal ganglion cell axons from the eye to the ipsilateral superior colliculus of adult hamsters in which the optic nerves had been transected within the orbit. Extracellular recordings in the superior colliculus 15 to 18 weeks after graft insertion revealed excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic responses to visual stimulation. The finding of light-induced responses in neurons in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus close to the graft indicates that axons regenerating from axotomized retinal ganglion cells can establish electrophysiologically functional synapses with neurons in the superior colliculus of these adult mammals.  相似文献   

Land use change and ecosystem services provision: a case study of recreation and ecotourism opportunities in southern Chile   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

L. Nahuelhual  A. Carmona  M. Aguayo  C. Echeverria 《Landscape Ecology》2014,29(2):329-344

Land use and cover change (LUCC) is among the most important factors affecting ecosystem services. This study examines the influence of LUCC on recreation and ecotourism opportunities over three decades in southern Chile. An in-depth analysis of the transition matrix was conducted based on Landsat images from 1976, 1985, 1999 and 2007. Main LUCC trajectories were linked to two ecosystem service indicators: (i) Recreation and ecotourism potential, measured in a 0–100 point scale; and (ii) Recreation and ecotourism opportunities, measured in visitors/ha. A total of 900 trajectories occurred in the landscape between 1976 and 2007. The most important trajectories in terms of area, were the recent degradation of old-growth to secondary forest between 1999 and 2007 (23,290 ha; 13.5 % of landscape), and the early clearing of shrublands for agriculture and pasture land between 1976 and 1985 (7,187 ha, 4.2 % of landscape). In turn, the single most influential trajectory on the magnitude of the indicators was early and permanent degradation of old-growth forest to secondary forest. As a result of these landscape changes, recreation and ecotourism opportunities for the entire landscape were reduced from 65,050 persons in 1976 to 25,038 persons in 1985, further declining to 22,346 and 21,608 persons in 1999 and 2007, respectively. This decrease resulted from changes in specific attributes (i.e. emblematic flora and fauna and forest structure) that were affected by forest degradation and fragmentation. These results highlight the substantial impact of LUCC on recreation opportunity decline, which mirrors biodiversity losses in the study area.  相似文献   

Mortality of rainbow trout [Oncorynchus mykiss (Walbaum)] associated with freshwater dinoflagellate bloom [Peridinium polonicum (Woloszynska)] in a fish farm     

J Roset  A Gibello  S Aguayo  L Domínguez  M Álvarez  J F Fernández-Garayzabal  A Zapata  & M J Muñoz 《Aquaculture Research》2002,33(2):141-145

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<Emphasis Type="Italic">Bchex</Emphasis> virulence gene of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Botrytis cinerea</Emphasis>: characterization and functional analysis     

C. Aguayo  J. Riquelme  P. D. T. Valenzuela  M. Hahn  E. Silva Moreno 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2011,77(4):230-238

We previously identified Bchex as a highly expressed gene during filamentous growth in Botrytis cinerea. The gene encodes the principal protein of the Woronin body and has been shown to seal septal pores in response to cellular damage. In the present study, Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA indicated that the gene exists as a single copy in the B. cinerea genome. The gene was differentially expressed during various developmental stages: expression was high in germinating conidia and the mycelial stage and lower in resting conidia and the appressorial stage. For functional analyses, homologous recombination was used to obtain a ΔBchex knockout mutant. Growth of the mutant was strongly reduced growth in complete medium and in defined media with sucrose, fructose or pectin as the carbon source. After detached tomato leaves were inoculated with the Bchex mutant, lesion development was markedly reduced compared to the control, suggesting that Bchex participates in normal growth, germination and virulence of this fungus.  相似文献   

Guidelines for Recognition,Assessment and Treatment of Pain     

Karol Mathews DVM DVSc DACVECC  Peter W Kronen Dr Vet Med  DVM DECVAA  Duncan Lascelles BSc BVSc PhD DSAS DECVS DACVS MRCVS  Andrea Nolan MVB DVA PhD DECVAA DECVPT MRCVS  Sheilah Robertson BVMS PhD DACVAA DECVAA DECAWBM DACAW MRCVS  Paulo VM Steagall MV MS PhD DACVAA  Bonnie Wright DVM DACVAA  Kazuto Yamashita DVM MS PhD DJCVS 《The Journal of small animal practice》2014,55(6):E10-E68

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