Larvicidal activity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome phenylpropanoids towards three mosquito species     

Kim NJ  Byun SG  Cho JE  Chung K  Ahn YJ 《Pest management science》2008,64(8):857-862

BACKGROUND: This study was aimed at assessing the toxicity of ethyl cinnamate and ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EMC) identified in Kaempferia galangal L. (Zingiberaceae) rhizome and another 12 known compounds to third-instar larvae from laboratory-reared Culex pipiens pallens Forskal, Aedes aegypti L. and Ochlerotatus togoi Theobald and field-collected C. pipiens pallens (Jinhae colony). Results were compared with those for fenthion and temephos. RESULTS: Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate was the most toxic of the test compounds to larvae of the three mosquito species (LC(50) 12.3-20.7 mg L(-1)) but less toxic than either fenthion (0.0096-0.021 mg L(-1)) or temephos (0.0039-0.0079 mg L(-1)). Ethyl cinnamate and 3-carene were highly active against C. pipiens pallens larvae (24.1 and 21.6 mg L(-1)) but less toxic to A. aegypti and O. togoi larvae (ca 40 and 60 mg L(-1) respectively). The toxicity of these compounds to larvae from the Jinhae colony of C. pipiens pallens was almost the same as their toxicity to the laboratory-reared larvae, although the larvae from the colony exhibited low levels of resistance to fenthion (resistance ratio 9.1) and temephos (5.8).CONCLUSION: Kaempferia galanga rhizome-derived materials, particularly ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, merit further study as potential mosquito control agents for protection of humans and domestic animals from vector-borne diseases and nuisance caused by mosquitoes.  相似文献   

Identification of gamma ray and electron-beam irradiated wheat after different processing treatments     

Gui-Ran Kim  Kashif AkramJae-Jun Ahn  Joong-Ho Kwon 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

Photostimulated luminescence (PSL) and thermoluminescence (TL) methods were employed to monitor radiation-induced markers in gamma ray and electron-beam irradiated wheat after steaming (100 °C, 30 min) & puffing (1.176 MPa, 15 min) treatments. Steamed wheat samples, regardless of radiation source, gave photon counts (PCs) below 700 (negative) for non-irradiated samples whereas irradiated samples gave PCs in the range of 13,564–29,959 (positive) showing the effectiveness of PSL as a screening test. However, puffed irradiated wheat samples gave PCs in the range of 1100–2138 (intermediate) showing the more drastic effect of puffing treatment than steaming. In TL analysis, the most drastic effect on TL glow curve intensity was also found by puffing treatment, but for all other samples, identification was possible as a maximum peak for irradiated samples appeared in the range of 150–250 °C. TL ratio (TL₁/TL₂) was calculated after 1 kGy re-irradiation of TL₁-tested minerals, to enhance the reliability of TL₁ results. For the non-irradiated steamed samples, regardless of radiation source, TL ratio was less than 0.1 whereas ratios were more than 0.1 for all irradiated samples except puffed ones. The results proved the potential of luminescence techniques to characterize irradiated samples; however heat processing conditions showed an apparent effect on luminescence properties of irradiated samples.  相似文献   

Toxicity of hiba oil constituents and spray formulations to American house dust mites and copra mites          下载免费PDF全文

Jun‐Ran Kim  Haribalan Perumalsamy  Min Jung Kwon  Se Um Chae  Young‐Joon Ahn 《Pest management science》2015,71(5):737-743

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Erratum to: Synthesis and characterization of kraft lignin-graft-polylactide copolymers     

Seok Ju Kim  Yong Sik Kim  Oh-Kyu Lee  Byoung-Jun Ahn 《Wood Science and Technology》2016,50(6):1305-1306

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Acetylcholinesterase point mutations putatively associated with monocrotophos resistance in the two-spotted spider mite     

Deok Ho Kwon  Jeong Joon Ahn  J. Marshall Clark 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2010,96(1):36-42

Molecular mechanisms of monocrotophos resistance in the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch, were investigated. A monocrotophos-resistant strain (AD) showed ca. 3568- and 47.6-fold resistance compared to a susceptible strain (UD) and a moderately resistant strain (PyriF), respectively. No significant differences in detoxification enzyme activities, except for the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity, were found among the three strains. The sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) to monocrotophos, however, was 90.6- and 41.9-fold less in AD strain compared to the UD and PyriF strains, respectively, indicating that AChE insensitivity mechanism plays a major role in monocrotophos resistance. When AChE gene (Tuace) sequences were compared, three point mutations (G228S, A391T and F439W) were identified in Tuace from the AD strain that likely contribute to the AChE insensitivity as predicted by structure analysis. Frequencies of the three mutations in field populations were predicted by quantitative sequencing (QS). Correlation analysis between the mutation frequency and actual resistance levels (LC₅₀) of nine field populations suggested that the G228S mutation plays a more crucial role in resistance (r² = 0.712) compared to the F439W mutation (r² = 0.419). When correlated together, however, the correlation coefficient was substantially enhanced (r² = 0.865), indicating that both the F439W and G228S mutations may work synergistically. The A391T mutation was homogeneously present in all field populations examined, suggesting that it may confer a basal level of resistance.  相似文献   

The location of projection neurons to the biceps brachii muscle in the telencephalon of the pigeon          下载免费PDF全文

J. H. Park  J. H. Ahn  S. Y. Choi  J. H. Cho  T.‐K. Lee  I. H. Kim  J.‐C. Lee  J. H. Choi  I. K. Hwang  Y. J. Lee  E. Lee  S. Park  J. Lim  K. Seo  M.‐H. Won 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2017,46(6):528-532

Few studies regarding the anatomical distribution of motor neurons innervating muscles of the arm have been demonstrated in avian brains. The purpose of this study was to finely determine the localization of cerebral neurons innervating the biceps brachii muscle in the pigeon. The cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) was employed as a retrograde tracer to determine the location of neurons controlling the biceps brachii muscle in the telencephalon following intramuscular injection in male pigeons (n = 7), which were killed 14 days after intramuscular injection with CTB. We found that CTB‐labelled neurons were located contralaterally in the hyperpallium apicale of the rostral telencephalon and that most of the CTB‐labelled neurons were pyramidal in shape. This study shows that CTB is easily taken up by nerve terminals which innervate the biceps brachii muscle of the pigeon and that cerebral motor neurons controlling the biceps brachii muscle are located in the hyperpallium apicale.  相似文献   

Effect of soy lecithin on total cholesterol content,fatty acid composition and carcass characteristics in the Longissimus dorsi of Hanwoo steers (Korean native cattle)          下载免费PDF全文

Byuong Chon Hong  Jun Sang Ahn  Jong Suh Shin 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(6):847-853

This study aims to investigate the effect of soy lecithin on the total cholesterol content, the fatty acid composition and carcass characteristics in the Longissimus dorsi in Hanwoo steers. Hanwoo steers (24 head) were fed two diets: Control (CON) (concentrate + alcohol‐fermented feed (AFF)) and soy lecithin treatment (CON + soy lecithin at 0.5% of the AFF). Soy lecithin treatment increased average daily gain, serum concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol in the blood. A lower cholesterol concentration was found in the Longissimus dorsi for the soy lecithin diet compared to the CON diet. With respect to the marbling score and quality grade of Longissimus dorsi, soy lecithin supplementation significantly increased the C20:5n3, C22:4 and polyunsaturated fatty acids contents compared to the CON diet. Soy lecithin supplementation would alter the total cholesterol content, polyunsaturated fatty acid profile and meat quality of Longissimus dorsi.  相似文献   

Analysis of isoflavones and phenolic compounds in Korean soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] seeds of different seed weights   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Lee SJ  Kim JJ  Moon HI  Ahn JK  Chun SC  Jung WS  Lee OK  Chung IM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(8):2751-2758

The seeds of 322 Korean soybean varieties were collected from six different cultivated sites in Korea and classified into three groups based on the 100-seed weight as small, medium, and large. Seeds were analyzed for their concentrations of isoflavones and phenolic compounds. The total average isoflavones in soybean cultivated at Iksan (2.840 micromol g(-1)) and phenolic compounds in soybean grown at Yeoncheon (9.216 micromol g(-1)) and Iksan (9.154 micromol g(-1)) were significantly different (p<0.05). In small and medium seeds of soybeans cultivated at Yeoncheon, Yesan, and Milyang high levels of isoflavones were obtained, whereas soybeans grown in Chuncheon showed the lowest isoflavone concentrations. However, isoflavone concentrations in the large seeds of soybean cultivated at Chuncheon showed the highest level. The soybean cultivated at Yeoncheon had high levels of phenolic compounds in small, medium, and large seeds, whereas the soybean grown at Chuncheon had the lowest. On the other hand, the phenolic concentrations of large soybean cultivated at Milyang were the least. At Yeoncheon, Yesan, and Milyang, the total isoflavone and phenolic compounds levels related to their seed size was significantly different (p<0.05), whereas in the soybean of different sizes cultivated at Chuncheon, the relationship to their seed size was not significantly different. The relationships of total isoflavones and phenolic compounds of small and medium soybean seeds were significantly higher than that of large soybean seeds. The hydroxybenzoic acid group in all sizes of seeds cultivated at six sites in Korea was the major phenolic compound, followed by flavonoid and hydroxycinnamic acid. The total isoflavone concentration was positively correlated with acetylglycoside and negatively correlated with malonylglycoside in the small soybean seeds cultivated at Yeoncheon. In medium soybean seeds cultivated at Yeoncheon, a significantly positive correlation was found between acetylglycoside and glycoside, between aglycone and glycoside, and between aglycone and acetylglycoside, whereas a significantly negative correlation was shown between malonylglycoside and glycoside, between acetylglycoside and malonylglycoside, and between aglycone and malonylglycoside. In large soybean seeds cultivated at Chuncheon, significantly positive and negative correlations were similar to those of medium seeds. The results presented here can improve the understanding of the relationships among the concentrations of individual chemical compounds and each chemical compound group and total chemical compounds in soybeans of different seed sizes from different cultivated sites.  相似文献   

Phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activities of edible and medicinal mushrooms from Korea     

Kim MY  Seguin P  Ahn JK  Kim JJ  Chun SC  Kim EH  Seo SH  Kang EY  Kim SL  Park YJ  Ro HM  Chung IM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(16):7265-7270

A study was conducted to determine the content of phenolic compounds and the antioxidative activity of five edible and five medicinal mushrooms commonly cultivated in Korea. Phenolic compounds were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography, and antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase activity. A total of 28 phenolic compounds were detected in the mushrooms studied. The average total concentration of phenolic compounds was 326 microg/g, the average being of 174 microg/g in edible mushrooms and 477 microg/g in medicinal mushrooms. The average total flavonoids concentration was 49 microg/g, with averages of 22 and 76 microg/g in edible and medicinal mushrooms, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activities ranged between 15 (Pleurotus eryngii) and 70% (Ganoderma lucidum) when reaction time was for 1 min. When reaction time was 30 min, the values ranged between 5 (Pleurotus eryngii) and 78% (Agaricus bisporus). The SOD activity averaged 28% among the 10 mushroom species, averages for edible and medicinal mushrooms being comparable. DPPH activities was significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with total content of phenolic compounds in edible mushrooms, while in medicinal mushrooms there was a significant correlation (p < 0.01) between SOD activity and total concentration of phenolic compounds. Numerous significant positive correlations were observed between phenolic compounds detected and antioxidative potential.  相似文献   

Ladder-Structured Polysilsesquioxane/Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> Nanocomposites for Transparent Wear-Resistant Windows     

Yejin Ahn  Sunyoo Kim  Min Seon Kim  Ji Ho Youk  Bong-Gi Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2018,19(6):1295-1302

As a protective layer for deformable displays, we synthesized ladder-type polysilsesquioxanes (LPSQs) containing cyclic epoxy as a curable unit. The mechanical properties after photo- and thermal-curing of LPSQs with a small amount of added Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were compared with those of the pure LPSQs. The prepared LPSQ-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites and the pure LPSQs exhibited comparable optical transparencies and thermal stabilities. In addition, the degree of conversion of the applied epoxy units in LPSQs and the resulting mechanical properties, as monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nanoindentation tests, indicated that the addition of nanoparticles to LPSQs moderately enhanced the epoxy conversion rate and remarkably improved the wear resistance, including hardness, after photo-/thermal-curing processes. The LPSQ-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites achieved higher wear resistance than epoxy-silica nanocomposites containing similar curable functional groups and reinforcing fillers (silica). The excellent mechanical properties of the LPSQ-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites could be attributed to three-dimensionally interconnected networks of organic-inorganic hybrid-type chemical structures in the LPSQ as well as additional reinforcement from amine-functionalized Al₂O₃ nanoparticles covalently interconnected with the LPSQ. We believe that the devised LPSQ-Al₂O₃ nanocomposites could serve effectively as a wear-resistant platform for deformable display windows.  相似文献