Critical Ratio of Calcium and Boron in Maize Shoot for Optimum Growth     

Shamsa Kanwal  Rahmatullah  Tariq Aziz  Muhammad Aamer Maqsood  Najam Abbas 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1535-1542

Boron (B) deficiency is widely reported in alkaline calcareous soils of the world, including Pakistan. High calcium (Ca) content in such soils can affect the availability and utilization of B by plants. Effect of applied B at different levels of Ca addition on maize was studied in hydroponics. Four maize cultivars (‘EV-5089’, ‘SWL-2000’, ‘EV-6089’, and ‘Sultan’) were grown at three levels of Ca (0.25 mM, 1 mM, and 2 mM) and two levels of B (0 and 25 μ M). Application of both the nutrients increased shoot dry matter production. However, application of Ca antagonized the B concentration in shoot of four maize cultivars. A curvilinear relationship existed between Ca/B ratio in shoot and relative shoot dry matter of maize cultivars. Implication of using of Ca/B ratio for managing commonly occurring B deficiency in calcareous soils is suggested.  相似文献   

Effect of humic acid and fulvic acid based liquid and foliar fertilizers on the yield of wheat crop     

Taimur Ahmad  Rasool Khan  Tariq Nawaz Khattak 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(19):2438-2445

Abstract

An organic-mineral liquid fertigation fertilizer containing humic acid, nitrogen (N)–phosphorus (P)–potassium (K), zinc (Zn), sulfur (S), manganese (Mn) and a liquid foliar fertilizer consisting of fulvic acid and gibberellic acids were formulated and applied to wheat. The purpose of this study was to develop an efficient and cost effective liquid and foliar fertilizer and compare their potential with commercially available urea and DAP. The fulvic acid and humic acids were obtained by alkaline extraction of lignite coal. All the treatments were significant over the control. The application of the liquid fertigation fertilizer and liquid foliar fertilizer along with 50?kg of urea per acre showed the best results biological yield (grain plus straw yield). It was found that the highest yield was obtained in T₆ treatment and the second best results were obtained with T₂ treatment, but has a high cost, while treatment T₆ was the most significant economical and yielded a high income when compared to other treatments.  相似文献   

Bioefficacy of Trichoderma Species Against Javanese Root-Knot Nematode,Meloidogyne javanica,in Green Gram     

Mukhtar  Tariq  Tariq-Khan  Muhammad  Aslam  Muhammad Naveed 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2021,73(3):265-272

Root-knot nematodes are mainly controlled by using synthetic nematicides, but their excessive use is prohibited due to associated health hazards which demand for suitable alternatives. The overreliance on nematicides can be curtailed by using biological control agents possessing nematicidal or nematostatic properties. Therefore, in the present study, effectiveness of seven indigenous species of Trichoderma were tested for their ability to suppress the population of Javanese root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, and improve growth variables of green gram. All the Trichoderma species resulted in an increase in shoot and root lengths and shoot weight while a decrease was observed in root weight. Maximum increase in shoot length (45.5%) was found in case of T. harzianum followed by T. hamatum and T. viride whereas the increase was the minimum where T. pseudokoningii and T. koningii were applied. Similarly, maximum increase in shoot weight was recorded with T. viride (56.1%) followed by T. harzianum (55%) and the minimum with T. pseudokoningii. As regards root length, it was the maximum in treatments with T. hamatum (46.2%) and T. harzianum (45.1%) and minimum with those where T. koningii and T. pseudokoningii were applied. Contrarily, maximum reduction in root weight was observed in treatments where T. harzianum (37.8%) and T. viride (35.8%) were applied while T. koningii and T. pseudokoningii resulted in minimum decrease. All the Trichoderma species significantly caused reductions in the number of galls and eggs and reproductive factor of the nematode over control. Maximum reduction in numbers of galls and eggs were observed with T. viride (49 and 53%) followed by T. harzianum (46 and 53%) while the minimum reduction was recorded with T. pseudokoningii followed by T. atroviride. Likewise, T. viride caused the maximum reduction in reproductive factor of M. javanica (81%) followed by T. harzianum (78%) and T. asperellum (75%). On the other hand, the minimum reductions in reproductive factor were observed with T. pseudokoningii and T. koningii.

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Detection of quantitative trait loci for mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) resistance in mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) in India and Pakistan     

Ratanakorn Kitsanachandee  Prakit Somta  Orawan Chatchawankanphanich  Khalid P. Akhtar  Tariq Mahmud Shah  Ramakrishnan M. Nair  Tejinderjit S. Bains  Asmita Sirari  Livinder Kaur  Peerasak Srinives 《Breeding Science》2013,63(4):367-373

Yellow mosaic disease (YMD) is one of the major diseases affecting mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek). In this study, we report the mapping of the quantitative trait locus (QTL) for mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) resistance in mungbean. An F₈ recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population was generated in Thailand from a cross between NM10-12-1 (MYMIV resistance) and KPS2 (MYMIV susceptible). One hundred and twenty-two RILs and their parents were evaluated for MYMIV resistance in infested fields in India and Pakistan. A genetic linkage map was developed for the RIL population using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Composite interval mapping identified five QTLs for MYMIV resistance: three QTLs for India (qYMIV1, qYMIV2 and qYMIV3) and two QTLs for Pakistan (qYMIV4 and qYMIV5). qYMIV1, qYMIV2, qYMIV3, qYMIV4 and qYMIV5 explained 9.33%, 10.61%, 12.55%, 21.93% and 6.24% of variation in disease responses, respectively. qYMIV1 and qYMIV4 appeared to be the same locus and were common to a major QTL for MYMIV resistance in India identified previously using a different resistant mungbean.  相似文献   

Selenate reduction in river water by Citerobacter freundii isolated from a selenium-contaminated sediment     

Zhang Y  Siddique T  Wang J  Frankenberger WT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(6):1594-1600

Bacterial reduction of selenate [Se(VI)] to insoluble elemental Se [Se(0)] is an important remedial technology to remove selenium (Se) from Se-impacted water. Citerobacter freundii, a Se(VI) reducer, isolated from a Se-contaminated sediment was assessed for its ability to reduce Se(VI) in a mineral culture medium and natural river water in a series of laboratory batch experiments. The results showed that a combination of yeast extract and glucose used in the culture medium was more effective than yeast extract alone, yeast extract plus sodium acetate, and yeast extract plus sodium lactate for reduction of Se(VI) to Se(0) by C. freundii. About 89-96% of the added Se(VI) (500-4500 microg/L) was reduced to Se(0) in the culture medium amended with 500 mg/L each of yeast extract and glucose. C. freundii can also survive in natural river water and reduce Se(VI). During an 8-day experiment in both sterile and nonsterile river water, 63-70 and 21-22% of the added Se(VI) was reduced to Se(0) and Se(-II), respectively. These results suggest that C. freundii has great potential for Se(VI) reduction and may be used for remediating Se-impacted water.  相似文献   

Panel Discussion: Factors in the Success and Failure of Microbial Insecticides     

Tariq M. Butt  John G. Harris  Keith A. Powell 《Integrated Pest Management Reviews》1999,4(4):313-316

Discussion

Panel Discussion: Factors in the Success and Failure of Microbial Insecticides  相似文献   

Growth,physiology, and biochemical activities of plant responses with foliar potassium application under drought stress – a review     

Zahoor Ahmad  Shazia Anjum  Ejaz Ahmad Waraich  Muhammad Ashar Ayub  Tanveer Ahmad  Rana Muhammad Sabir Tariq 《Journal of plant nutrition》2018,41(13):1734-1743

Drought stress affects plant growth and ultimately yield is reduced. Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient that is required to increase the growth and yield under drought. K plays an important role in osmotic adjustment, opening and closing of stomata, and enzymes activation. K is the component of plant structure that optimizes many physiological as well biochemical processes and ultimately improves the plant growth and yield. This review mainly covers the following topics: impact of drought on plant growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics, the role of K in plant growth, and physiology under drought stress. K is also responsible for enhancing the growth as well as yield attributes of crops under drought stress conditions by altering the physiological and biochemical process.  相似文献   

The effect of phosphorus addition,soil moisture,and plant type on soil nematode abundance and community composition     

Olatunji  Olusanya Abiodun  Gong  Shanxing  Tariq  Akash  Pan  Kaiwen  Sun  Xiaoming  Chen  Wenkai  Zhang  Lin  Dakhil  Mohammed A.  Huang  Dan  Tan  Xue 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2019,19(3):1139-1150

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Environmental variables such as soil moisture and phosphorus (P) might influence above- and below-ground biodiversity. In this study, we investigated the rarely...  相似文献   

PGPRs of plum (Prunus domestica) rhizosphere enhance plant growth and antagonise fungal activity in vitro     

Izhar Ali  Tariq Sultan  Fazli Subhan  Kashif Syed Haleem  Nighat Sultana 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(4):367-378

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) promote the plant growth by various direct and indirect mechanisms. The present study was undertaken to isolate and characterise the PGPRs of plum (Prunus domestica) rhizosphere in Pakistan. A total of 95 rhizobacteria were isolated, out of which 40 strains were selected on the basis of morphological, biochemical and Gram staining characteristics. The selected isolates were screened for in vitro plant growth promoting potential and were subsequently evaluated for host plant growth promotion. The selected isolates demonstrated strong lytic enzymatic activities and were able to produce ammonia, siderophore, Hydrogen cyanide along with capability of phosphate solubilisation. Moreover, the results showed a significant growth suppression of pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani in an in vitro assay. The plant microbe interaction study was carried out using 11 most efficient rhizobacterial strains inoculated to roots of plum plants. The inoculated PGPRs significantly augmented the leaves number per shoot, shoot diameter, shoot length and plant height. The inoculation also significantly increased the chlorophyll contents of leaves, concentration of micro and macro nutrients compared with control. The current study shows the importance of these selected PGPRs as bio-fertilizer to improve the health and productivity of plum species in Pakistan.  相似文献   

Wheat seed storage proteins: Advances in molecular genetics,diversity and breeding applications   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Awais Rasheed  Xianchun Xia  Yueming Yan  Rudi Appels  Tariq Mahmood  Zhonghu He 《Journal of Cereal Science》2014

Wheat seed storage proteins, especially glutenins and gliadins, have unique functional properties giving rise to a wide array of food products for human consumption. The wheat seed storage proteins, however, are also the most common cause of food-related allergies and intolerances, and it has become crucially important to understand their composition, variation and functional properties and interface this knowledge with the grain handling industry as well as the breeders. This review focuses on advances in understanding the genetics and function of storage proteins and their application in wheat breeding programs. These include: (1) The development and validation of high-throughput molecular marker systems for defining the composition and variation of low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) genes and a summary of the more than 30 gene-specific markers for rapid screening in wheat breeding programs; (2) The identification of more than 100 alleles of storage proteins in wild species provide candidate genes for future quality improvement; (3) The documentation of quality effects of individual LMW-GS and HMW-GS for improving end-use quality; and (4) The analysis of α-gliadin genes on chromosomes 6A and 6D with non-toxic epitopes as potential targets to develop less toxic cultivars for people with celiac disease. Genomic and proteomic technologies that will continue to provide new tools for understanding variation and function of seed storage proteins in wheat are discussed.  相似文献