Antioxidant activities and anthocyanin content of fresh fruits of common fig (Ficus carica L.)     

Solomon A  Golubowicz S  Yablowicz Z  Grossman S  Bergman M  Gottlieb HE  Altman A  Kerem Z  Flaishman MA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(20):7717-7723

Fig fruit has been a typical component in the health-promoting Mediterranean diet for millennia. To study the potential health-promoting constituents of fig fruits, six commercial fig varieties differing in color (black, red, yellow, and green) were analyzed for total polyphenols, total flavonoids, antioxidant capacity, and amount and profile of anthocyanins. Using reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC), various concentrations of anthocyanins but a similar profile was found in all varieties studied. Hydrolysis revealed cyanidin as the major aglycon. Proton and carbon NMR confirmed cyanidin-3-O-rhamnoglucoside (cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside; C3R) as the main anthocyanin in all fruits. Color appearance of fig extract correlated well with total polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity. Extracts of darker varieties showed higher contents of phytochemicals compared to lighter colored varieties. Fruit skins contributed most of the above phytochemicals and antioxidant activity compared to the fruit pulp. Antioxidant capacity correlated well with the amounts of polyphenols and anthocyanins (R2 = 0.985 and 0.992, respectively). In the dark-colored Mission and the red Brown-Turkey varieties, the anthocyanin fraction contributed 36 and 28% of the total antioxidant capacity, respectively. C3R contributed 92% of the total antioxidant capacity of the anthocyanin fraction. Fruits of the Mission variety contained the highest levels of polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins and exhibited the highest antioxidant capacity.  相似文献   

Physiological evidence for reproductive suppression in the introduced population of brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) on Guam     

Ignacio T Moore  Michael J Greene  Darren T Lerner  Randolph W Krohmer  Joan Whittier 《Biological conservation》2005,121(1):91-98

Introduced species are an increasingly pervasive problem. While studies on the ecology and behavior of these pests are numerous, there is relatively little known of their physiology, specifically their reproductive and stress physiology. One of the best documented introduced pest species is the brown tree snake, Boiga irregularis, which was introduced onto the Pacific island of Guam sometime around World War II. The snake is responsible for severely reducing Guam's native vertebrates. We captured free-living individuals throughout the year and measured plasma levels of stress and sex hormones in an effort to determine when they were breeding. These data were compared to reproductive cycles from a captive population originally collected from Guam. Free-living individuals had chronically elevated plasma levels of the stress hormone corticosterone and basal levels of sex steroids and a remarkably low proportion were reproductively active. These data coincide with evidence that the wild population may be in decline. Captive snakes, had low plasma levels of corticosterone with males displaying a peak in plasma testosterone levels during breeding. Furthermore, we compared body condition between the free-living and captive snakes from Guam and free-living individuals captured from their native range in Australia. Male and female free-living snakes from Guam exhibited significantly reduced body condition compared to free-living individuals from Australia. We suggest that during the study period, free-living brown tree snakes on Guam were living under stressful conditions, possibly due to overcrowding and overexploitation of food resources, resulting in decreased body condition and suppressed reproduction.  相似文献   

Beer consumption and changes in stability of human serum proteins     

Gorinstein S  Caspi A  Goshev I  Moncheva S  Zemser M  Weisz M  Libman I  Lerner HT  Trakhtenberg S  Martín-Belloso O 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2001,49(3):1441-1445

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of beer consumption (BC) on the functional and structural properties of human serum proteins (HSP). Thirty-eight volunteers (after coronary bypass) were divided into two groups: experimental (EG) and control (CG). Nineteen volunteers of the EG consumed 330 mL per day of beer (about 20 g of alcohol) for 30 consecutive days. The CG volunteers consumed mineral water instead of beer. Blood samples were collected from EG and CG patients before and after the experiment. Albumin (Alb), globulin (Glo), and methanol-precipitable proteins (MPP) from human serum were denatured with 8 M urea. Fluorescence and electrophoresis were employed in order to elucidate urea-induced conformational changes and structural behavior of proteins. The measured fluorescence emission spectra were used to estimate the stability of native and denatured protein fractions before and after BC. It was found that before BC the fractions most stable to urea denaturation were Glo, Alb, and MPP fractions. After BC in most of the beer-consuming patients (EG) some changes in native and denatured protein fractions were detected: a tendency to lower stability and minor structural deviations. These qualitative changes were more profound in MPP than in Alb and Glo. Thus, Glo is more resistible to alcohol influence than Alb, which in turn is more resistible than MPP. No serum protein changes were detected in patients of CG.  相似文献   

Abstracts of papers presented at the 16th conference of the Entomological Society of Israel Research on thrips in Israel Dedicated to the Memory of Prof. E. Rivnay on the 100th Anniversary of his Birth     

M. Wysoki  M. Wysoki  M. Klein  M. Davidovich  R. Shaked  K. Rosenfeld  E. Pressman  Phyllis G. Weintraub  A. R. Horowitz  Sophia Kleitman  R. Azari  Leah Tsror  A. R. Horowitz  Phyllis G. Weintraub  Svetlana Kontsedalov  I. Ishaaya  Raisa Chyzik  M. Klein  Orna Ucko  S. Steinberg  M. Coll  D. Rosen  D. Gouldman  S. Steinberg  Ayala Lalouche  S. Steinberg  M. Coll  D. Ben-Yakir  M. Chen  Y. Antignus  Y. Messika  N. Dudai  A. Gera  Anat Kritzman  J. Cohen  B. Raccah 《Phytoparasitica》1999,27(3):243-250

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Metalloantibodies   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

B L Iverson  S A Iverson  V A Roberts  E D Getzoff  J A Tainer  S J Benkovic  R A Lerner 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,249(4969):659-662

A metalloantibody has been constructed with a coordination site for metals in the antigen binding pocket. The Zn(II) binding site from carbonic anhydrase B was used as a model. Three histidine residues have been placed in the light chain complementarity determining regions of a single chain antibody molecule. In contrast to the native protein, the mutant displayed metal-dependent fluorescence-quenching behavior. This response was interpreted as evidence for metal binding in the three-histidine site with relative affinities in the order Cu(II) greater than Zn(II) greater than Cd(II). The presence of metal cofactors in immunoglobulins should facilitate antibody catalysis of redox and hydrolytic reactions.  相似文献   

Crystal structures of an antibody to a peptide and its complex with peptide antigen at 2.8 A   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

R L Stanfield  T M Fieser  R A Lerner  I A Wilson 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,248(4956):712-719

The three-dimensional structures of an antibody to a peptide and its complex with the peptide antigen have been determined at 2.8 A resolution. The antigen is a synthetic 19-amino acid peptide homolog of the C helix of myohemerythrin (Mhr). The unliganded Fab' crystals are orthorhombic with two molecules per asymmetric unit, whereas the complex crystals are hexagonal with one molecule per asymmetric unit. The Fab' and the Fab'-peptide complex structures have been solved independently by molecular replacement methods and have crystallographic R factors of 0.197 and 0.215, respectively, with no water molecules included. The amino-terminal portion of the peptide sequence (NH2-Glu-Val-Val-Pro-His-Lys-Lys) is clearly interpretable in the electron density map of the Fab'-peptide complex and adopts a well-defined type II beta-turn in the concave antigen binding pocket. This same peptide amino acid sequence in native Mhr is alpha-helical. The peptide conformation when bound to the Fab' is inconsistent with binding of the Fab' to native Mhr, and suggests that binding of the Fab' to conformationally altered forms of the native Mhr or to apo-Mhr. Immunological mapping previously identified this sequence as the peptide epitope, and its fine specificity correlates well with the structural analysis. The binding pocket includes a large percentage of hydrophobic residues. The buried surfaces of the peptide and the antibody are complementary in shape and cover 460 A2 and 540 A2, respectively. These two structures now enable a comparison of a specific monoclonal Fab' both in its free and antigen complexed state. While no major changes in the antibody were observed when peptide was bound, there were some small but significant side chain and main chain rearrangements.  相似文献   

Induction of an antibody that catalyzes the hydrolysis of an amide bond   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

K D Janda  D Schloeder  S J Benkovic  R A Lerner 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4870):1188-1191

Catalysis of amide bond hydrolysis is of singular importance in enzymology. An antibody was induced to an analog of a high-energy intermediate anticipated along the reaction coordinate of amide hydrolysis. This antibody is an amidase with high specificity and a large rate enhancement (250,000) relative to the uncatalyzed reaction. This reaction represents the kinetically most difficult hydrolysis reaction yet catalyzed by an antibody.  相似文献   

S-100 protein synthesis by isolated polyribosomes from rat brain   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

M P Lerner  H R Herschman 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,178(64):995-996

The radioactive proteins synthesized in a cell-free system and released from polyribosomes from rat brain were analyzed for the presence of a protein found only in the nervous system. Polyribosomes from rat liver were also studied to demonstrate the organ specificity of the radioactive product synthesized in vitro. The S-100 protein constituted 0.15 percent of the radioactive proteins released from brain polyribosomes.  相似文献   

Sequence of events after infection of chicken embryo cells with radioactively labeled Newcastle disease virus     

M P Lerner  R A Consigli  G P Khare  A Eisenstark 《American journal of veterinary research》1969,30(5):853-855

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A pharmacological study of chloramphenicol in horses.          下载免费PDF全文

C S Sisodia  L L Kramer  V S Gupta  D J Lerner    L Taksas 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1975,39(2):216-223

Pharmacological disposition of chloramphenicol was studied in horses. Minimum levels of the antibiotic (greater than or equal to 5 mu g/ml) in blood or plasma recommended to combat infections could not be achieved by 4.4 and 8.8 mg/kg I.V. or 30 and 50 mg/kg I.M. or 30 mg/kg oral (as palmitate salt) doses of chloramphenicol. Increasing the dose to 19.8 and 26.4 mg/kg I.V. provided such levels for about two and three hours respectively. A combination of 20 mg/kg I.V. and 30 mg/kg I.M. administered simultaneously did not provide more prolonged levels than 26.4 mg/kg I.V. alone. Chloramphenicol succinate produced higher but not more prolonged levels in blood and plasma than those produced by pure chloramphenicol. Succinate salt is very little, if at all, bound to red blood corpuscles. Plasma half life and the apparent volume of distribution of chloramphenicol in horses were determined as 0.98 hours and 0.92 L/kg, respectively. At 5-10 mu g/ml concentrations in equine plasma approximately 30 percent of the chloramphenicol is bound to plasma proteins. From these studies it is concluded that the biological half life of chloramphenicol may be too short for therapeutic application against systemic infections in horses.  相似文献