Histological and histomorphometrical alterations of the periodontal ligament in gerbils submitted to teeth extraction     

Iyomasa MM  Issa JP  De Moura Leite Naves L  Regalo SC  Siéssere S  Pitol DL  Watanabe IS 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2008,37(4):257-262

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Influence of lactation stage and some flock management practices on sensory characteristics of goat milk from Brazilian Saanen breed          下载免费PDF全文

Rita de Cássia Ramos do Egypto Queiroga  Roberto Germano Costa  Marta Suely Madruga  Ariosvaldo Nunes de Medeiros  Deborah dos Santos Garruti  Marciane Magnani  Evandro Leite de Souza 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(4):600-606

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Different roughage:concentrate ratios with and without liquid residue of cassava for lambs     

Paulo Márcio Barbosa de Arruda Leite  Robson Magno Liberal Véras  Antonia Sherlânea Chaves Véras  Adriana Guim  Evaristo Jorge Oliveira de Souza  Karla Katiene de Souza Silva  Lígia Maria Gomes Barreto  Janaina de Lima Silva  Daniel Barros Cardoso 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1807-1814

This aim of this study was to evaluate the intake and apparent digestibility of nutrients, ingestive behavior, blood parameters, and performance of lambs fed two roughage:concentrate (R:C) ratios, with or without liquid residue of cassava (LRC). Forty lambs (19.5?±?1.45 kg body weight) were distributed in a completely randomized 2?×?2 factorial design. The intake of dry matter (1311 g/day) and total digestible nutrients (755 g/day), and the intake (172 g/day) and digestibility (552 g/kg) of crude protein were higher for lambs fed R:C of 40:60. The R:C ratio of 80:20 promoted a higher intake (585 g/day) and digestibility (461 g/kg) of neutral detergent fiber. There was an intake of LRC of 1.37 L/day for lambs fed R:C of 80:20 and 0.42 L/day for lambs fed R:C of 40:60. The lambs fed R:C of 80:20 spent more time in feeding (326 m/day) and rumination (530 m/day). The metabolic profile and performance of lambs were not affected by LRC inclusion. The body weight gain (220 g/day) was higher in lambs fed R:C of 40:60. A roughage:concentrate ratio of 40:60 is recommended for lambs because it resulted in the best performance, regardless of supplementation with liquid residue of cassava.  相似文献   

The effect of litter materials on broiler performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis     

T. D. S. D. Toledo  C. S. Pich  M. A. Dai Prá  F. Leivas Leite  E. Gonçalves Xavier 《British poultry science》2019,60(6):605-616

ABSTRACT

1. Divergence in outcomes from studies on the effects of litter materials on body weight, feed intake, feed conversion and mortality in broilers has led to a need for a meta-analysis to quantify their effects.

2. A systematic search of published quantitative research relating to wood shavings and alternative bedding litters was conducted using databases.

3. Means, standard deviations and sample sizes were extracted from each study. The response variables were analysed using the standardised mean difference (SMD, control treatment minus alternative litters).

4. The literature demonstrated that alternative materials have no impact on feed intake in broilers, compared to wood shavings (SMD = 0.064, 95% CI = ?0.101–0.229, P = 0.44).

5. There was a positive overall effect of wood shavings on body weight (SMD = 0.253, 95% CI = 0.073–0.433, P = 0.006), feed conversion (SMD = ?0.169, 95% CI = ?0.327 – ?0.012, P = 0.03) and mortality (SMD = ?1.069, 95% CI = ?1.983 – ?0.155, P = 0.02) of broilers, compared to other litter types.

6. Subgroup meta-analysis revealed that straw, when used as an alternative litter material to wood shavings, may be responsible for lower body weight (SMD = 0.654, 95% CI = 0.162–1.146, P = 0.009), worse feed conversion (SMD = ?0.487, 95% CI = ?0.828 – ?0.145, P = 0.005) and higher mortality rates of broilers (SMD = ?3.25, 95% CI = ?5.681 – ?0.819, P = 0.009). Rice husks impaired body weight compared to wood shavings (SMD = 0.535, 95% CI = 0.065–1.004, P = 0.02).

7. It was concluded that different litter types do not affect the broilers’ feed intake. Conversely, broilers kept on straw showed lower body weights, worse feed conversion and higher mortality rates, in comparison to wood shavings. Rice husks decreased body weight compared to wood shavings.  相似文献   

Effects of pearl millet silage ammoniation with urea on carcass and meat quality of lambs          下载免费PDF全文

Gleidson G. P. de Carvalho  Poliane Meire D. de Freitas  Edson M. Santos  Gherman G. L. Araújo  Juliana S. de Oliveira  Thomaz Cyro G. de C. Rodrigues  Maria Leonor G. M. L. de Araujo  Dallyson Yehudi C. de Assis  Roberto de O. Roça  Nara Laiane C. de Delbem  Renata L. Lomele  Laudi C. Leite  Carlindo S. Rodrigues 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1154-1166

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pearl millet silage ammoniated with urea on lamb carcass characteristics and meat quality. Thirty‐two noncastrated crossbred lambs at 4–5 months of age, with an average initial body weight of 17.39 ± 2.16 kg, were distributed into four treatments in a randomized block experimental design with eight animals per treatment. Experimental diets were composed of pearl millet silage ammoniated with four levels of urea (0%, 2%, 4% and 6%, on dry matter basis (DM). Carcass conformation and fatness decreased linearly (p < 0.05). Except for the fat content, the proximate composition was not influenced (p < 0.05) by the diets. Meat lightness and yellowness increased linearly (p < 0.05). There was no effect of diets (p > 0.05) on cooking losses or shear force. The levels of oleic and erucic fatty acid levels in the meat decreased linearly (p < 0.05), whereas linoleic and eicosadienoic acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA:SFA ratio and ω6 contents increased (p < 0.05). Pearl millet silage ammoniated with urea allows for the production of good‐quality lamb meat, with greater concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, lambs fed diets with pearl millet ammoniated with up to 6% lead to a reduction of carcass characteristics without significantly affecting loin‐eye area possibly associated with low palatability of the additive used. The lower acceptance of the silages with higher levels of urea is due to the ammonia retention in the material is attributed to the ammonization process. Thus, in spite of the benefits on lamb meat quality, it is suggested that the use of this additive in the ammonization of tropical forages be carried out with care, in limits of up to 6%.  相似文献   

Prevalence and risk factors for bovine tuberculosis in Minas Gerais State,Brazil     

Ana Paula Cunha Belchior  Luciano Bastos Lopes  Vitor Salvador Picão Gonçalves  Rômulo Cerqueira Leite 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(2):373-378

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Quercus suber and Betula pendula outer barks as renewable sources of oleochemicals: A comparative study     

Paula C.R.O. Pinto  Andreia F. Sousa  Armando J.D. Silvestre  Carlos Pascoal Neto  Alessandro Gandini  Christer Eckerman  Bjarne Holmbom 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(1):126-132

A comparative study on the chemical composition of oak cork (Quercus suber L.) and corresponding industrial residues and birch (Betula pendula L.) outer bark is reported. Cork oak samples have lower extractives contents (6–9%) and higher contents of carbohydrates and lignin (23–27 and 33–38%, respectively) than those found for birch outer bark (40, 6 and 9%, respectively); suberin contents accounted for around 30% of cork, 11% of industrial cork powder and 45% of birch outer bark. Analysis of the suberin monomeric composition revealed that C18 and C22 ω-hydroxyfatty acids (including mid-chain epoxy- and dihydroxy-derivatives), followed by α,ω-dicarboxylic acids, are the main components in both suberins, with 9,10-epoxy-18-hydroxyoctadecanoic, 18-hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic, 9,10,18-trihydroxyoctadecanoic and octadec-9-enoic acids as the major components. The differences in the relative amounts of these acids in the suberin samples and the impact on the potential exploitation of the different industrial by-products are discussed.  相似文献   

Chemical interesterification of blends of palm stearin, coconut oil, and canola oil: physicochemical properties     

Soares FA  da Silva RC  Hazzan M  Capacla IR  Viccola ER  Maruyama JM  Gioielli LA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(6):1461-1469

trans-Free interesterified fat was produced for possible usage as a margarine. Palm stearin, coconut oil, and canola oil were used as substrates for chemical interesterification. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of blends of palm stearin, coconut oil, and canola oil submitted to chemical interesterification using sodium methoxide as the catalyst. The original and interesterified blends were examined for fatty acid composition, softening and melting points, solid fat content, and consistency. Chemical interesterification reduced softening and melting points, consistency, and solid fat content. The interesterified fats showed desirable physicochemical properties for possible use as a margarine. Therefore, our result suggested that the interesterified fat without trans-fatty acids could be used as an alternative to partially hydrogenated fat.  相似文献   

Heterofucan from Sargassum filipendula induces apoptosis in HeLa cells     

Costa LS  Telles CB  Oliveira RM  Nobre LT  Dantas-Santos N  Camara RB  Costa MS  Almeida-Lima J  Melo-Silveira RF  Albuquerque IR  Leite EL  Rocha HA 《Marine drugs》2011,9(4):603-614

Fucan is a term used to denominate a family of sulfated polysaccharides rich in sulfated l-fucose. Heterofucan SF-1.5v was extracted from the brown seaweed Sargassum filipendula by proteolytic digestion followed by sequential acetone precipitation. This fucan showed antiproliferative activity on Hela cells and induced apoptosis. However, SF-1.5v was not able to activate caspases. Moreover, SF-1.5v induced glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) activation, but this protein is not involved in the heterofucan SF-1.5v induced apoptosis mechanism. In addition, ERK, p38, p53, pAKT and NFκB were not affected by the presence of SF-1.5v. We determined that SF-1.5v induces apoptosis in HeLa mainly by mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) into cytosol. In addition, SF-1.5v decreases the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and increased expression of apoptogenic protein Bax. These results are significant in that they provide a mechanistic framework for further exploring the use of SF-1.5v as a novel chemotherapeutics against human cervical cancer.  相似文献   

Bovine herpesvirus glycoprotein D: a review of its structural characteristics and applications in vaccinology     

Luana Alves Dummer  Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite  Sylvia van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk 《Veterinary research》2014,45(1)

The viral envelope glycoprotein D from bovine herpesviruses 1 and 5 (BoHV-1 and -5), two important pathogens of cattle, is a major component of the virion and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of herpesviruses. Glycoprotein D is essential for virus penetration into permissive cells and thus is a major target for virus neutralizing antibodies during infection. In view of its role in the induction of protective immunity, gD has been tested in new vaccine development strategies against both viruses. Subunit, DNA and vectored vaccine candidates have been developed using this glycoprotein as the primary antigen, demonstrating that gD has the capacity to induce robust virus neutralizing antibodies and strong cell-mediated immune responses, as well as protection from clinical symptoms, in target species. This review highlights the structural and functional characteristics of BoHV-1, BoHV-5 and where appropriate, Human herpesvirus gD, as well as its role in viral entry and interactions with host cell receptors. Furthermore, the interactions of gD with the host immune system are discussed. Finally, the application of this glycoprotein in new vaccine design is reviewed, taking its structural and functional characteristics into consideration.  相似文献