Activity of Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae) and ricinine against the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and the symbiotic fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus     

Bigi MF  Torkomian VL  de Groote ST  Hebling MJ  Bueno OC  Pagnocca FC  Fernandes JB  Vieira PC  da Silva MF 《Pest management science》2004,60(9):933-938

The focus of this study was the identification of compounds from plant extracts for use in crop protection. This paper reports on the toxic activity of fractions of leaf extracts of Ricinus communis L (Euphorbiaceae) and isolated active compounds in the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel and its symbiotic fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus (Singer) M?ller. The main compounds responsible for activity against the fungus and ant in leaf extracts of R communis were found to be fatty acids for the former and ricinine for the ants.  相似文献   

Defense Gene Expression Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana Parasitized by Orobanche ramosa     

Dos Santos CV  Letousey P  Delavault P  Thalouarn P 《Phytopathology》2003,93(4):451-457

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Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans in horses: Changes with age, training, and osteoarthritis     

Fabiana A.C. Vieira  Raquel Y.A. Baccarin  Jair A.K. Aguiar  Yara M. Michelacci   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2005,25(9):387-400

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First record of leaf-spot caused by Acroconidiella tropaeoli on Tropaeolum majus in Brazil     

B. S. Vieira  R. W. Barreto† 《Plant pathology》2002,51(6):805-805

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Calves Born after Direct Transfer of Vitrified Bovine In Vitro-produced Blastocysts Derived from Vitrified Immature Oocytes     

AD Vieira  F Forell  C Feltrin  JL Rodrigues 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2008,43(3):314-318

Vitrification has been the method of choice for the cryopreservation of bovine oocytes, as rapid cooling decreases chilling sensitivity. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro and in vivo survival and the viability of immature oocytes vitrified using super‐cooled liquid nitrogen. Immature oocytes were randomly allocated to three groups: (i) non‐vitrified control group, (ii) vitrified in normal (?196°C) liquid nitrogen (LN₂) and (iii) vitrified in super‐cooled LN₂ (≤?200°C). Open‐pulled glass micropipettes were used as vitrification containers. Immature oocytes were in vitro‐matured, fertilized and cultured to the blastocyst stage. In vitro viability was assessed by cleavage and blastocyst rates on days 2 and 7 of culture respectively. Vitrified blastocysts derived from the immature vitrified oocytes were directly transferred to synchronous recipients. The in vitro embryo development of vitrified immature oocytes was not influenced by the LN₂ state. After direct transfer (one embryo per recipient) of 16 embryos obtained from immature vitrified oocytes (eight from each vitrified group), two healthy calves were born in each group. These results indicated that vitrification of immature bovine oocytes using glass micropipettes under normal or super‐cooled LN₂, resulted in viable blastocysts and live calves following in vitro embryo production.  相似文献   

Anthelmintic efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) and the homeopathic product Fator Vermes in Morada Nova sheep     

Chagas AC  Vieira LS  Freitas AR  Araújo MR  Araújo-Filho JA  Araguão WR  Navarro AM 《Veterinary parasitology》2008,151(1):68-73

Gastrointestinal nematodes are becoming increasingly resistant to the commercial products used to control them. The cost of routine vermifuge applications on herds and the problem of residues in animal products and the environment have prompted research on the anthelmintic activity of plant extracts. This work examines the anthelmintic action of neem and the homeopathic product Fator Vermes in sheep kept in a pasture for 18 months. Forty sheep of the Morada Nova breed were divided into four treatments and the control, according to the EPG. During the experiment, each animal received 100 g/day of shredded corn and did not receive protein supplementation. In treatment 1 (control), the animals received only shredded corn. Treatment 2 received 1.6 g/(animal day) of the homeopathic product mixed with the shredded corn, and treatments 3, 4 and 5 received, respectively, 12.5, 25.0 and 37.5 g/(animal day) of dried Azadirachta indica leaves mixed with the shredded corn. The neem was administered for alternating 15-day periods and the homeopathic product daily for 18 months. There were 39 fortnightly fecal collections made to count the EPG, and fecal cultures were performed monthly. The following genera, in percentage, were identified: Haemonchus: 65.58+/-3.27, Trichostrongylus: 15.92+/-7.38 and Oesophagostomum: 18.50+/-6.22. The treatments evaluated were not effective in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes (P>0.05), whose mean log(10) counts (EPG +1) and standard errors for treatments 1-5 were respectively 3.55+/-0.28; 3.48+/-0.31; 3.90+/-0.29; 2.78+/-0.29 and 3.48+/-0.30. A significant effect (P<0.0001) was observed of the periods of the year when the 39 collections occurred. Because of the diet deficient in raw protein, the sheep had higher average EPG counts, for all the treatments, at the end of the dry season, and the opposite occurred in the middle of the rainy season.  相似文献   

Accuracy of carrot yield forecasting using proximal hyperspectral and satellite multispectral data     

Suarez  Luz Angelica  Robson  Andrew  McPhee  John  O’Halloran  Julie  van Sprang  Celia 《Precision Agriculture》2020,21(6):1304-1326

Precision Agriculture - Proximal and remote sensors have proved their effectiveness for the estimation of several biophysical and biochemical variables, including yield, in many different crops....  相似文献   

Aurantiochytrium sp. meal can replace fish oil in practical diets for the juvenile Pacific white shrimp     

Ariane Martins Guimares  Delano Dias Schleder  Mariana Nagata  Renata Oselame Nbrega  Dbora Machado Fracalossi  Walter Quadros Seiffert  Felipe do Nascimento Vieira 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(4):798-807

This study evaluated the use of microalgae (Aurantiochytrium sp.) meal as a substitute for fish oil in the diet of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) reared in a clear‐water system. Dietary treatments at five replacement levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) were performed in triplicate. After 46 days, only a slight difference in shrimp final weight was observed among treatments (0.61 g). An increase in final weight was observed with replacement of up to 50% fish oil for microalgae meal, while the optimal percentage of replacement estimated was 44.7%. Feed conversion rate (FCR) of animals fed a diet of Aurantiochytrium sp.meal to replace up to 50% fish oil decreased, and the optimal percentage of replacement estimated was 49.3%. The fatty acids profile in shrimp muscle tissue demonstrated an increase in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from 10.03% to 14.28% with increased replacement of fish oil by microalgae meal in the diet. Therefore, the partial replacement of fish oil by microalgae meal resulted in improved shrimp growth and FCR, and total replacement of dietary fish oil had no negative effects on these parameters. In addition, inclusion of microalgae meal raises the level of DHA in shrimp muscle.  相似文献   

Dietary lipid level and source affect metabolic responses in hybrid catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × Leiarius marmoratus)     

Renan Rosa Paulino  Rodrigo Fortes‐Silva  Martha Janeth Prieto‐Guevara  Edgar Junio Damasceno Rodrigues  Leandro Santos Costa  Anglica Priscila do Carmo Alves  Aires Oliva Teles  Priscila Vieira Rosa 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(4):1567-1583

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary lipid source [linseed oil (LO, rich in 18:3 n?3); corn oil (CO, rich in 18:2 n?6); olive oil (OO, rich in 18:1n?9); and fish oil (FO, rich in LC‐PUFA)] and level (9% L and 18% L) on growth, body composition and selected plasma biochemistry parameters in hybrid catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × Leiarius marmoratus) juveniles. Moreover, liver histology (lipids, glycogen, cell vacuolization) and key metabolic enzyme activities were also evaluated. After 8 weeks of feeding, there were no differences in growth performance and whole‐body composition between groups. Plasma lipoprotein, muscle and liver composition, and G6PD and ME activity were affected by lipid level and source. No differences were observed between groups in hepatic ALT activity; however, AST activity was lower in fish fed the 9% L diets. Overall, liver and muscle fatty acid composition reflected that of diet FA composition, with increased n3/n6 ratio, high HUFA and low MUFA in fish fed FO compared with the VO diets. Higher liver glycogen content was observed in fish fed the 18% L than the 9% L diets, except for fish fed FO diet. Considering the experimental diets used, these results indicate that hybrid catfish can efficiently utilize VO supplementation as an energy source, without affecting growth performance and fillet composition.  相似文献   

Daily rhythms of cortisol and glucose and the influence of the light/dark cycle on anaesthesia in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Does the timing of anaesthetic administration affect the stress response?     

Leandro Santos Costa  Felipe Guedes de Araújo  Renan Rosa Paulino  Luciano Jos Pereira  Edgar Junio Damasceno Rodrigues  Paula Adriane Perez Ribeiro  Priscila Vieira Rosa 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(9):2371-2379

Although daily variations in drug pharmacokinetics have been reported for a variety of teleost species, the influence of this daily variation on the cortisol response following anaesthesia remains poorly understood. To address this, two experiments were performed. The first experiment described the daily patterns of cortisol and glucose secretion in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The second experiment investigated how the timing of anaesthetic administration (specifically at mid‐light [ML] or at mid‐dark [MD]) affects the induction and recovery times and plasma cortisol and glucose levels of juvenile Nile tilapia exposed to benzocaine, clove oil or tricaine methanesulphonate (MS‐222). The results revealed that the effect on the stress response associated with the moment when anaesthesia took place (ML or MD) varied according to the treatment (p < 0.05). Cortisol levels were significantly higher at ML for MS‐222 (ML = 116.23 ± 25.55; MD = 48.25 ± 22.33 ng/dl) (p < 0.05) and clove oil (ML 59.73 ± 14.27; MD 38.26 ± 12.07 ng/dl) (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were found between ML and MD cortisol levels for the control treatment (ML = 72.91 ± 18.42; MD = 64.80 ± 10.68 ng/dl) (p > 0.05) or in the benzocaine‐treated group (ML = 38.7 ± 4.90; MD = 38.60 ± 3.69 ng/dl) (p > 0.05). The highest plasma cortisol level in ML was found in the MS‐222‐treated group. All the tested anaesthetics had similar cortisol levels at MD (p > 0.05).  相似文献