Ammonia abatement strategies in livestock production: A case study of a poultry installation     

A.J. Angus  I.D. Hodge  M.A. Sutton 《Agricultural Systems》2006

This study uses a linear programming approach to compare the potential effectiveness of uniform rules (under the Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Directive) and a landscape-scale (a scale that includes different land-uses) based policy for reducing ammonia (NH₃) emissions and their related impacts from an operating case-study poultry installation. The model incorporates a variety of potential NH₃ abatement techniques. It also incorporates the first application of a spatial model of the diffusion of environmental impacts from NH₃ emissions. This models N deposition at a nearby nature reserve.  相似文献   

Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by Three Plant Species in Constructed Wetlands   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Coleman  Jerry  Hench  Keith  Garbutt  Keith  Sexstone  Alan  Bissonnette  Gary  Skousen  Jeff 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2001,128(3-4):283-295

Three common Appalachian plant species (Juncus effusus L., Scirpus validus L., and Typha latifolia L.) were planted into small-scale constructed wetlands receivingprimary treated wastewater. The experimental design includedtwo wetland gravel depths (45 and 60 cm) and five plantingtreatments (each species in monoculture, an equal mixture of the three species, and controls without vegetation), with two replicates per depth × planting combination. Inflow rates (19 L day^-1) and frequency (3 times day^-1) were designed to simulate full-scale constructed wetlands as currently used for domestic wastewater treatmentin West Virginia. Influent wastewater and the effluent from each wetland were sampled monthly for ten physical, chemical and biological parameters, and plant demographic measurements were made. After passing through these trough wetlands, the average of all treatments showed a 70% reduction in total suspended solids (TSS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), 50 to 60% reduction in nitrogen (TKN), ammonia and phosphate, anda reduction of fecal coliforms by three orders of magnitude. Depth of gravel (45 or 60 cm) had little effect on wetland treatment ability, but did influence Typha and Scirpus growth patterns. Gravel alone provided significant wastewater treatment, but vegetation further improved many treatment efficiencies. Typha significantly out-performedJuncus and Scirpus both in growth and in effluent quality improvement. There was also some evidence that the species mixture out-performed species monocultures.Typhawas the superior competitor in mixtures, but a decline in Typha growth with distance from the influent pipe suggested that nutrients became limiting or toxicities may have developed.  相似文献   

Modelling spatial exclusion of a vulnerable native fish by introduced trout in rivers using landscape features: a new tool for conservation management     

Darragh J. Woodford  Thomas A. Cochrane  Peter A. McHugh  Angus R. McIntosh 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2011,21(5):484-493

Quantifying stem growth loss at the tree-level in a Pinus radiata plantation to repeated attack by the aphid, Essigella californica     

Alieta Eyles  Andrew P. RobinsonDavid Smith  Angus CarnegieIan Smith  Christine StoneCaroline Mohammed 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,261(1):120-127

Since its detection in 1998, the exotic aphid pest, Essigella californica Essig (Hemiptera: Aphididae) has caused extensive defoliation in commercial Pinus radiata plantations throughout Australia. A total of one hundred and twenty plots encompassing thirty tree ages, and three thinning treatments were established in September 2006 in southern New South Wales, Australia to assess crown health and tree growth. Assessments were carried out annually during 2006-2009 to quantify the relationship between natural aphid-induced defoliation and growth loss at the individual tree level. Over the course of the four years, particularly in 2006, trees were subjected to moisture stress, as indicated by average annual rainfalls that were below the long-term average. In general, the diameter growth of individual trees appeared unaffected by crown damage severity across most tree ages, indicating that the productivity in Green Hills was limited by the interactive effects of climatic and biotic stressors (both cause premature loss of foliage). Furthermore, the results from this four-year experiment demonstrated that both moisture stress and aphid-induced defoliation constrained the growth response to thinning. However, thinning may have assisted damaged trees to maintain growth rates similar to trees with little or no damage. Understanding the impact of disturbances such as insect pest outbreaks on growth yield models is critical for optimal modelling of long-term plantation growth and management. Our results highlight the difficulty in quantifying the effect of aphid-induced defoliation when combined with chronic moisture stress.  相似文献   

Rinderpest eradicated; what next?     

Anderson J  Baron M  Cameron A  Kock R  Jones B  Pfeiffer D  Mariner J  McKeever D  Oura C  Roeder P  Rossiter P  Taylor W 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(1):10-11

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Effect of concurrent infection with Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus vitrinus on the performance of lambs     

R L Coop  A C Field  R B Graham  K W Angus  F Jackson 《Research in veterinary science》1986,40(2):241-245

The interaction between Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus vitrinus was investigated in lambs continuously infected over 12 weeks. Four groups of seven lambs were given either zero, 1000 T vitrinus larvae per day, 2500 O circumcincta larvae per day or infected concurrently. Overall liveweight gain was reduced by 17, 20 and 30 per cent in T vitrinus, O circumcincta and concurrent infection, respectively. T vitrinus infection significantly lowered serum phosphorus concentrations by week 4. In the concurrent infection the decline in phosphorus concentration was more gradual and only differed significantly from the controls during the final four weeks of the trial. There were no significant differences between the total numbers of T vitrinus or O circumcincta recovered from single or combined infections. The lack of an additive effect on performance may be due to a delayed establishment of T vitrinus in the presence of O circumcincta.  相似文献   

Segmental necrosis of the ileum in a lamb, associated with a phycomycete     

K W Angus  C C Renwick  G W Robinson 《The Veterinary record》1971,88(25):654-656

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A rapidly progressing mesangio-capillary glomerulonephritis in Finnish Landrace lambs   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K W Angus  A C Gardiner  A R Sykes  A M Davison 《The Veterinary record》1973,92(13):337-338

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Soil health cluster analysis based on national monitoring of soil indicators     

Fiona M. Seaton  Gaynor Barrett  Annette Burden  Simon Creer  Eleonora Fitos  Angus Garbutt  Rob I. Griffiths  Pete Henrys  Davey L. Jones  Patrick Keenan  Aidan Keith  Inma Lebron  Lindsay Maskell  M. Gloria Pereira  Sabine Reinsch  Simon M. Smart  Bronwen Williams  Bridget A. Emmett  David A. Robinson 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(6):2414-2429

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Micro- and nanostructured poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate] brushes grown from photopatterned halogen initiators by atom transfer radical polymerization     

Ahmad SA  Leggett GJ  Hucknall A  Chilkoti A 《Biointerphases》2011,6(1):8-15

Photolithographic techniques have been used to fabricate polymer brush micro- and nanostructures. On exposure to UV light with a wavelength of 244 nm, halogens were selectively removed from films of chloromethylphenyltrichlorosilane and 3-(2-bromoisobutyramido)propyl-triethoxysilane on silicon dioxide. Patterning was achieved at the micrometer scale, by using a mask in conjunction with the incident laser beam, and at the nanometer scale, by utilizing interferometric lithography (IL). Friction force microscopy images of patterned surfaces exhibited frictional contrast due to removal of the halogen but no topographical contrast. In both cases the halogenated surface was used as an initiator for surface atom-transfer radical polymerization. Patterning of the surface by UV lithography enabled the definition of patterns of initiator from which micro- and nanostructured poly[oligo(ethylene glycol)methacrylate] bottle brushes were grown. Micropatterned brushes formed on both surfaces exhibited excellent resistance to protein adsorption, enabling the formation of protein patterns. Using IL, brush structures were formed that covered macroscopic areas (approximately 0.5 cm2) but exhibited a full width at half maximum height as small as 78 nm, with a period of 225 nm. Spatially selective photolytic removal of halogens that are immobilized on a surface thus appears to be a simple, rapid, and versatile method for the formation of micro- and nanostructured polymer brushes and for the control of protein adsorption.  相似文献