Pathology of gas bubble disease in two air-breathing catfishes (Clarias batrachus Linn. and Heteropneustes fossilis Bloch.)     

Anil Kumar Kulshrestha  Prabhat Kumar Mandal 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1982,27(1):13-17

Gross pathology in Clarias batrachus and Heteropneustes fossilis, and histopathology in the liver, intestine and kidney and abnormalities in erythrocyte count/mm³ and haemoglobin g% of C. batrachus afflicted with gas bubble disease were studied over 96 h. Histopathology and blood abnormalities in H. fossilis could not be observed due to heavy mortality. A tilt in the swimming posture and an upward bend in the tail region were the first signs of the disease. Exophthalmia was noted and blebs containing gas bubbles appeared on the fins and other parts of the body. The blebs burst producing open lesions after 72 h, and the fins became necrotic.Histopathologic changes included, in the liver, vacuolation of cells, necrosis and cordal disarray; in the intestine, lesions in the villi, degeneration of the submucosa, cellular exudate production in the lumen and air bubbles in the villi; and in the kidney, degeneration of tubules and glomeruli and necrosis of haemopoietic tissue. Erythrocyte count and haemoglobin content showed a consistent and significant fall from 12.87 × 10⁶ to 6.91 × 10⁶/mm³ and from 9.33 to 7.00 g%, respectively, up to 72 h. Empty blood vessels were noted in the liver, intestine and kidney. Fish of both species regained normal swimming orientation, and erythrocyte count and haemoglobin content also showed recovery from the disease.  相似文献   

Reproductive biology of the carp, Labeo bata (Ham.) from the River Kali,India     

Abdul Q. Siddiqui  Anil Chatterjee  Asif A. Khan 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1976,7(2):181-191

Spawning in Labeo bata occurs during July and August. Each individual spawns only once, with the onset of spawning directly dependent on the monsson season. Its success depends upon the access of gravid fish to a suitable spawning ground. The average fecundity is 192 785.  相似文献   

Effects of probiotic doses on the survival and growth of hatchlings,fry, and advanced fry of Rohu (Labeo rohita Hamilton)     

Ram C. Bhujel  Dilip K. Jha  Anil K. Anal 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2020,32(1):34-52

ABSTRACT

Rohu (Labeo rohita) is the most popular fish in South Asia. Its farming is often constrained by shortages of seed due to low survival (20%–30%) during nursing. Hypothesizing that probiotics might help, varying doses of two multistrain commercial probiotics were tested at hatchling (days 8–38), fry (days 38–68), and advanced fry (days 68–98) stages. The first probiotics (P1) consisted of Bacillus subtilis, Pediococcus acidilactici, and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and the second probiotics (P2) of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli plus yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), microalgae (Spirulina sp.), and phytase. Low, medium, and high doses of P1 (1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 g/kg) and P2 (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg) were tested, supplementing the control diet, which consisted of mustard oil cake (40%), rice bran (30%), wheat flour (20%), and fish powder (10%). At the hatchling stage results showed that medium and high doses of P1 increased survival by 14.4% and 16.2% respectively over the control. Similarly, medium and high doses of P2 increased survival by 22.1% and 22.3% respectively compared to the control. Survival of hatchlings and fry increased linearly (P < 0.01) with the increase in the doses of P1. The dose of P2 had a quadratic relationship with the survival based on which dose of 1.5 g and 1.7 g/kg feed was found to maximize the survival of hatchlings (72%) and fry (99%) respectively. Regression analysis also showed that maximum specific growth rate (SGR%/day) of fry could be obtained with the estimated dose of 3.3 g/kg diet for P1 and for 1.5 g/kg diet for P2. Therefore, tested probiotics are beneficial during the nursing of Rohu hatchlings and fry or before the age of 68 days but not for nursing afterwards.  相似文献   

Distribution of glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) in central California and their phenological development     

Anil Shrestha  Katrina M. Steinhauer  Marcelo L. Moretti  Bradley D. Hanson  Marie Jasieniuk  Kurt J. Hembree  Steven D. Wright 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(1):201-209

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) hairy fleabane was first documented in California in 2007. A preliminary study comparing plants from this population to a glyphosate-susceptible (GS) population determined that they developed more rapidly than the GS plants. However, it was not known if this was a general characteristic of all GR populations. Therefore, seeds of hairy fleabane were collected from 122 locations in central California. Plants from each location were grown and tested for resistance using a shikimate enzyme assay. Seeds from 90 locations germinated of which 27 % were determined as GR, 21 % as GS, and 52 % as intermediate/mixed. Plants from five GR and five GS populations, as determined by the assay, were randomly selected for comparisons and were grown in 2010/2011. Time taken by each plant to reach key phenological stages was recorded and converted into growing degree day (GDD) using a base temperature of 4.2 °C. The biomass of each plant was recorded at seed set. The five GR and GS plants had similar phenological development rates and biomass. Therefore, the differences previously identified between the two populations were not present in the additionally tested populations. The phenological development was hence described by a common GDD model with the plants requiring 374, 711, 970, 1289, and 1551 GDD, to reach the rosette, bolting, first bud, first flower, and first seed stages, respectively. This study shows widespread distribution of GR hairy fleabane in central California, provides useful information on biology of this weed for management, and suggests possible label changes to herbicide manufacturers.  相似文献   

Agroforestry as a sustainable land use option to reduce wildfires risk in European Mediterranean areas     

Damianidis  Christos  Santiago-Freijanes  Jose Javier  den Herder  Michael  Burgess  Paul  Mosquera-Losada  Maria Rosa  Graves  Anil  Papadopoulos  Andreas  Pisanelli  Andrea  Camilli  Francesca  Rois-Díaz  Mercedes  Kay  Sonja  Palma  Joao H. N.  Pantera  Anastasia 《Agroforestry Systems》2021,95(5):919-929

Agroforestry Systems - Wildfires have always been an integral part of the ecology of many terrestrial ecosystems, but their frequency is increasing in many parts of the world. Wildfires were once a...  相似文献   

An inhibitor of FtsZ with potent and selective anti-staphylococcal activity     

Haydon DJ  Stokes NR  Ure R  Galbraith G  Bennett JM  Brown DR  Baker PJ  Barynin VV  Rice DW  Sedelnikova SE  Heal JR  Sheridan JM  Aiwale ST  Chauhan PK  Srivastava A  Taneja A  Collins I  Errington J  Czaplewski LG 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,321(5896):1673-1675

FtsZ is an essential bacterial guanosine triphosphatase and homolog of mammalian beta-tubulin that polymerizes and assembles into a ring to initiate cell division. We have created a class of small synthetic antibacterials, exemplified by PC190723, which inhibits FtsZ and prevents cell division. PC190723 has potent and selective in vitro bactericidal activity against staphylococci, including methicillin- and multi-drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The putative inhibitor-binding site of PC190723 was mapped to a region of FtsZ that is analogous to the Taxol-binding site of tubulin. PC190723 was efficacious in an in vivo model of infection, curing mice infected with a lethal dose of S. aureus. The data validate FtsZ as a target for antibacterial intervention and identify PC190723 as suitable for optimization into a new anti-staphylococcal therapy.  相似文献   

金属离子Ni2+和Co2+对卤虫孵化率和变态率的影响   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

王建梅  任伟  王维娜  王安利 《水产养殖》2003,24(1):34-38

在去除重金属离子的天然海水中添加不同浓度的Ni^2 和Co^2 进行养殖实验，研究了Ni^2 和Co^2 对盐卤虫（Artemia saline)孵化率及变态率的影响。在试验过程中保持温度（27℃）、盐度（30‰）以及pH(=8)恒定。结果表明：当海水中Ni^2 和Co^2 浓度分别为40μg/L和30μg/L时对旧金山湾卤虫的孵化最为有利，当Ni^2 浓度为40μg/L,Co^2 浓度为40μg/L-50μg/L时对其发育变态最为有利。从而得出结论：当海水中Ni^2 浓度在40μg/L范围左右时可促进卤虫的孵化及变态发育，当海水中Co^2 浓度为30μg/L-50μg/L范围内时可促进卤虫的生长发育。  相似文献   

母猪蹄损伤和舍饲系统     

John Deen  罗何峰  于古月 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2009,29(1):26-27

由于使用群体舍饲,特别是在条板式水泥地面上进行群体舍饲,我们发现母猪的跛行发生率以及随之而来的蹄损伤发病率上升了。  相似文献