In planta detection of Macrophomina phaseolina from jute (Corchorus olitorius) by a sodium acetate-based direct PCR method     

Chinmay Biswas  Piyali Dey  Kunal Mandal  Subrata Satpathy  P. G. Karmakar 《Phytoparasitica》2014,42(5):673-676

Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is the most important pathogen of jute and primarily causes seedling blight, leaf spot and stem rot. The pathogen was detected from field samples by a simple method of direct PCR (dPCR) which obviates the steps of DNA extraction. The leaf bits were treated with a lysis buffer at 65°C for 25 min, whereas the stem pieces were initially incubated at 65°C for 5 min followed by incubation at 60°C for 25 min and the lysate was used as PCR template. Based on the type of tissue, the composition and concentration of lysis buffer systems were optimized. For leaf samples the optimized buffer system composed of 20 mmol l ^-1 tris (hydroxymethyl aminomethane (Tris)-Cl (pH 8.0), 1.5 mmol l ^-1 ethylene diamine tetra acetate (EDTA) (pH 8.0), 1.4 mol l ^-1 sodium acetate and 200 μg/ml proteinase K. Further, 3% PVP (w/v) and β-mercaptoethanol (1% w/v) were added into the buffer. In case of stem samples, PVP was not applied and higher concentrations were used for other components. M. phaseolina could be detected from both leaf and stem samples generating amplicon of 350 bp. This is the first report of detecting M. phaseolina by a direct PCR method without DNA extraction.  相似文献   

Characterization of the effect of a QTL for drought resistance in rice, qtl12.1, over a range of environments in the Philippines and eastern India     

Jérôme Bernier  Arvind Kumar  Ramaiah Venuprasad  Dean Spaner  Satish Verulkar  Nimai P. Mandal  Pramod K. Sinha  Puvvada Peeraju  Praba R. Dongre  R. N. Mahto  Gary Atlin 《Euphytica》2009,166(2):207-217

A large-effect QTL for grain yield under drought conditions (qtl12.1) was reported in a rice mapping population derived from Vandana and Way Rarem. Here, we measured the effect of qtl12.1 on grain yield and associated traits in 21 field trials: ten at IRRI in the Philippines and 11 in the target environment of eastern India. The relative effect of the QTL on grain yield increased with increasing intensity of drought stress, from having no effect under well-watered conditions to having an additive effect of more than 40% of the trial mean in the most severe stress treatments. The QTL improved grain yield in nine out of ten direct-seeded upland trials where drought stress was severe or moderate, but no effect was measured under well-watered aerobic conditions or under transplanted lowland conditions. These trials confirm that qtl12.1 has a large and consistent effect on grain yield under upland drought stress conditions, in a wide range of environments.  相似文献   

Swietenine: A potential oral hypoglycemic from Swietenia macrophylla seed     

Saikat Dewanjee  Anup Maiti  Anup K. Das  Subhash C. Mandal  Sankar P. Dey 《Fitoterapia》2009

Swietenine, a tetranortriterpenoid, was isolated from the Swietenia macrophylla seeds. The in vivo hypoglycemic activity was evaluated against neonatal-streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral administration of swietenine at 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight per day to diabetic rats was found to possess significant dose dependant hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in type 2 diabetic rats.  相似文献   

Influence of fly ash mixtures on early tree growth and physicochemical properties of soil in semi-arid tropical Alfisols     

V. Ramesh  G. R. Korwar  Uttam Kumar Mandal  Jasti V. N. S. Prasad  Kishori Lal Sharma  Yezzu S. Ramakrishna  Kandula Venkanna 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,73(3):245-245

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Genetics of resistance in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Luffa cylindrica</Emphasis> Roem. against <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus</Emphasis>     

Sabina Islam  A. D. Munshi  Bikash Mandal  Ravinder Kumar  T. K. Behera 《Euphytica》2010,174(1):83-89

Sponge gourd is a popular vegetable grown throughout India. Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, the causal virus of tomato leaf curl disease, has recently been reported to be associated with sponge gourd, causing up to 100% crop loss under epidemic conditions. We have collected 30 genotypically diverse genotypes of sponge gourd from different parts of India, screened these for resistance under natural epiphytotic conditions, and then confirmed the results through challenge inoculation with a purified strain of the virus under insect-proof greenhouse conditions. The minimum vulnerability index was recorded in genotype DSG-6 (3.33), followed by DSG 7 (6.0) under the challenge (whitefly-populated) inoculation conditions. Two susceptible genotypes (‘Pusa Sneha’ and NSG-1-11), both possessing desirable fruit characters, were crossed with the two most promising resistant lines (DSG-6 and DSG-7) and the disease reaction of segregating and backcross generations studied through challenge inoculation with a purified strain of virus under insect-proof greenhouse conditions. A chi-square (χ²) test of frequency distribution based on the vulnerability index of the F₂ progenies of the two resistant × susceptible crosses revealed monogenic dominant Mendelian ratio 3(R):1(S) to be the best fit in all crosses. This monogenic dominant model was further confirmed by the 1(R):1(S) ratio found to be best fit for the test cross with the susceptible parent. These results reveal that resistance to Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus associated with yellow mosaic disease of sponge gourd is controlled by a single dominant gene in the genetic background of the resistant parents (DSG-6 and DSG-7) and that these two lines can be effectively utilized for the development of high-yielding and yellow mosaic disease-resistant varieties/hybrids of sponge gourd. This is the first conclusive identification of a resistant source and the inheritance of resistance against Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in sponge gourd.  相似文献   

Chemical fractions and response of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) to soil applied boron     

Rajeev Padbhushan  Jajati Mandal  Sunil Kumar  Amarjeet Kumar 《Journal of plant nutrition》2019,42(5):491-500

The present study was conducted with an objective to estimate the distribution of boron (B) application in various soil fractions and their plant response for assessing the availability in the soil. Two soils (alluvial and red soil) and five levels of B (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3?mg B kg^?1 soil) were applied in the pot experiment, and pots were sown with cauliflower (Sabour Agrim) arranged in a completely randomized block design (CRD) with three replications. Result showed that the curd yield of cauliflower increased significantly upto 2?mg B kg^?1 soil irrespective of soils. The percent yield increase was 14.78 and 15.01 in alluvial and red soil over the control, respectively. The initial total B content was 35.88 (alluvial soil) and 15.51 (red soil) mg·kg^?1. The mean content of Fraction I, II, III, IV and V in alluvial soil was 1.11, 1.54, 0.65, 1.49, and 95.18% and in red soil was 2.68, 4.47, 6.62, 2.50, and 83.59% of the total soil B, respectively. For changes in amount of B fractions due to B applications there was significant effect on all the fractions except Fraction II. The increase in apparent B uptake was 0.43?mg B kg^?1 in alluvial soil and 0.25?mg B kg^?1 in red soil over the control (0?mg B kg^?1 soil). Regression equation of yield and B fractions showed the relationship between first four fractions to the yield. Residual fraction was found to be collinear during calculation. Overall the study predicted the bioavailability and dynamics of B in the two distinct soils.  相似文献   

Evaluation of zincated nanoclay polymer composite in releasing Zn and P and effect on soil enzyme activities in a wheat rhizosphere     

Nintu Mandal  Samar C. Datta  Kanchikeri M. Manjaiah  Brahma S. Dwivedi  Rajesh Kumar  Pramila Aggarwal 《European Journal of Soil Science》2019,70(6):1164-1182

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Evaluation of dietary protein requirement for the growth performance of minor carp,Cirrhinus reba (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings     

Ajay Kumar Yadav  Sagar Chandra Mandal  Arun Bhai Patel  Pradip Kumar Maurya 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3343-3349

An experiment was designed to evaluate the requirement of dietary protein for Reba carp, Cirrhinus reba fingerlings using semi‐purified diet. Five isocaloric diets were prepared containing 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% level of protein using casein, gelatin as a major protein source. The experiment was conducted for 105 days in triplicates to evaluate the growth, survival, feed utilization, carcass composition of C. reba. Mean weight gain was highest (p < .05) in T3. Specific growth rate was highest in T3 and lowest in T1. Similarly, significantly (p < .05) highest net fish yield were recorded in T3. No significant difference was recorded in survivability. Feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, feed conversion efficiency and protein conversion efficiency were significantly (p < .05) higher for T3 compared with other treatments. Highest carcass protein and lipid values were recorded in T3. So, conclusion can be drawn that 30% crude protein is optimum for overall performance. Furthermore, broken‐line analysis for specific growth rate, final biomass and net fish yield indicated that dietary protein level of 28.148 to 28.253% is optimum for the best growth performance of fingerling C. reba.  相似文献   

Inhibitory effect of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pistia</Emphasis> tannin on digestive enzymes of Indian major carps: an in vitro study     

Sudipta Mandal  Koushik Ghosh 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(4):1171-1180

Aquatic weeds are one of the major unconventional feed ingredients tested for aquafeed formulation. Tannin content in the water lettuce, Pistia, has been quantified (26.67 mg g⁻¹; dry weight) and graded levels of which (12.5–200 μg) have been incorporated in the reaction mixtures to evaluate any change in the in vitro activity of the principal digestive enzymes from the three Indian major carps (IMC), namely rohu (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla) and mrigala (Cirrhinus mrigala). Result of the experiment revealed that the Pistia tannin (PT) significantly inhibit/lower the activities of the digestive enzymes from three IMCs in a dose-dependant manner, even at very low concentration. Significant variation in the reduction of the enzyme activities was noticed between the three fish species, as well as between the three enzymes studied. Among the three species studied, digestive enzymes from L. rohita were found to be the most sensitive to the PT, whereas enzymes from C. catla were found to be comparatively least affected. On the other hand, protease and lipase activities were comparatively more affected than the amylase activity. The results of the study suggest that more stress should be given on the elimination of tannin while incorporating feed ingredients of plant origin in fish diets.  相似文献   

Insights into the venom protein components of the egg parasitoid Anastatus japonicus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae)     

Chengxing Wang  Fengliang Jin  Surajit De Mandal  Lu Zeng  Yuxin Zhang  Yanyan Hua  Yingying Hong  Can Zhao  Junzhai Li  Dunsong Li  Xiaoxia Xu 《Pest management science》2020,76(6):2113-2126

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