Genetic diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium oxysporum</Emphasis> f. sp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">spinaciae</Emphasis> in Japan based on phylogenetic analyses of rDNA-IGS and <Emphasis Type="Italic">MAT1</Emphasis> sequences     

Masato Kawabe  Kazunori Katsube  Takanobu Yoshida  Tsutomu Arie  Kenichi Tsuchiya 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(5):353-359

Twenty-eight isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. spinaciae (FOS; the causal agent of spinach wilt) collected from Japan were assessed for mating type and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Mating type analysis revealed all isolates to be MAT1-2, suggesting that there is no sexual recombination within the population. Phylogenetic analyses based on nucleotide sequences of the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer (IGS) and the mating type locus (MAT1) suggested that FOS is polyphyletic. The cluster analysis based on IGS showed four phylogenetic groups (S1–S4) among the isolates. Two distinct lineages, S1 and S3, included FOS isolates both of the vegetative compatibility group (VCG) types, 0330 and 0331, demonstrating that VCG differentiation in FOS may not necessarily reflect the phylogenetic relationships based on IGS and MAT1-2-1.  相似文献   

A simple method for a mini-preparation of fungal DNA   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ken-ichiro Saitoh  Kana Togashi  Tsutomu Arie  Tohru Teraoka 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(6):348-350

A simple method was established to prepare DNA from fungal mycelia cultured on an agar plate. The fungi tested successfully with this method contained Zygomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, and Oomycetes. This method did not require any time-consuming steps to crush or digest mycelia or fractionation in a phenol–chloroform mixture. The DNA was easily extracted by immersing and dispersing the mycelial plugs in a specific buffer (200 mM Tris-HCl, 50 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 200 mM NaCl, 1% n-lauroylsarcosine, pH 8.0), then concentrated by ethanol precipitation. The total time to complete the whole procedure was less than 1 h. The quality and quantity were sufficient for polymerase chain reaction amplification and Southern blot analysis.  相似文献   

Control of soilborne clubroot disease of cruciferous plants by epoxydon from Phoma glomerata   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Arie  Kobayashi  Okada  Kono  & Yamaguchi 《Plant pathology》1998,47(6):743-748

Culture broth from an isolate of Phoma glomerata (no. 324, = JCM 9972) from the leaves of Viola sp., controlled the soilborne pathogen Plasmodiophora brassicae which causes clubroot disease of cruciferous plants. This effect was caused by epoxydon (5-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-en-2-one). Although this substance was known to have antitumour activity, phytotoxicity and antiauxin activity, no plant disease reduction had been reported previously. Epoxydon possessed neither strong antimicrobial activity nor did it induce acquired resistance. It protected crucifers from clubroot disease at 250  μ g mL⁻¹ following addition to the soil. Several antiauxins were tested for similar properties resulting in the suppression of clubroot disease and one, 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid, was effective at 10  μ g mL⁻¹. Clubroot reduction by epoxydon may result from antiauxin activity. This opens opportunities for a new group of agrochemicals.  相似文献   

Non-degenerates     

Nadler SA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1993,261(5123):927-928

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Cytological karyotyping of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium oxysporum</Emphasis> by the germ tube burst method (GTBM)     

Yu Ayukawa  Ken Komatsu  Masatoki Taga  Tsutomu Arie 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2018,84(4):254-261

Fusarium oxysporum is an ascomycete fungus including plant pathogenic and nonpathogenic strains. Genome analyses have indicated that the karyotype of F. oxysporum is diverse among isolates. Here we used the germ tube burst method (GTBM), a more reliable method than conventional cytology or pulsed field gel electrophoretis, to karyotype isolates of F. oxysporum ff. spp. lycopersici and conglutinans and nonpathogenic F. oxysporum. In this first application of GTBM for F. oxysporum, pathogenic isolates were found to have more chromosomes than in nonpathogenic isolates. We also used a ribosomal DNA probe and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to analyze chromosome structure.  相似文献   

Chemical characterization of the essential oil from patchouli accessions harvested over four seasons     

Arie Fitzgerald Blank  Tricia Cavalcanti Pergentino Sant’anaPriscilla Santana Santos  Maria Fatima Arrigoni-BlankAna Paula do Nascimento Prata  Hugo Cesar Ramos JesusPericles Barreto Alves 《Industrial Crops and Products》2011,34(1):831-837

The genus Pogostemon of the Lamiaceae family includes several species known for their medicinal and aromatic properties. The species P. cablin is especially notable because the essential oil extracted from its leaves is internationally important and valuable, principally for the perfume and cosmetic industries. Because multiple factors can affect the chemical composition of the essential oil, the aim of this work was to evaluate the chemical variations in the essential oils of nine Pogostemon accessions harvested over four seasons. Two Pogostemon accessions (P. heyneanus, but received as P. cablin) and seven P. cablin accessions from different sources were evaluated. The transplants were planted in January 2008, and the harvests were conducted in May, August, and November 2008 and February 2009. The chemical composition of the essential oils was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. Patchoulol was the major compound from the four harvests of all of the P. cablin accessions. The principal compound from the accessions POG-001 and POG-006 was β-pinene. Two clusters were detected by multivariate analyses of the four harvests. Cluster I was formed by the accessions POG-001 and POG-006 (P. heyneanus), and Cluster II was formed by the accessions of P. cablin (POG-002, POG-014, POG-015, POG-016, POG-019, POG-021, and POG-022).  相似文献   

Phylogeny and phytopathogenicity mechanisms of soilborne <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium oxysporum</Emphasis>     

Tsutomu Arie 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(6):403-405

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Deficiency of kallikrein activity in plasma of patients with cystic fibrosis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G J Rao  L A Posner  H L Nadler 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1972,177(49):610-611

Total kallikrein activity and kallikrein activity inhibited by soybean trypsin inhibitor are significantly reduced in the plasma of patients with cystic fibrosis compared to age-matched controls. The level of the STI inhibited kallikrein activity in the plasma of heterozygotes was significantly different from that in either controls or affected children. However, the individual heterozygote could not be reliably identified in each case.  相似文献   

Validation of pressure measurements and electromyographic results for the uterus of cattle during the early postpartum period     

Bajcsy AC  van der Weijden GC  Doornenbal A  Breeveld-Dwarkasing VN  de Jong RC  Szenci O  Taverne MA 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(9):1605-1615

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate methods for on-farm measurements of uterine contractility in postpartum dairy cows by comparing data simultaneously recorded by use of 2 intrauterine pressure (IUP) devices and quantified electromyographic (EMG) signals. ANIMALS: 5 cows during the first 48 hours after parturition. PROCEDURE: 2 EMG electrodes were implanted on the surface of the gravid uterine horn. Parturition was induced by injection of a prostaglandin F2alpha analogue at day 274 of gestation. An open-tip catheter and pressure microtransducer were transcervically inserted and affixed to a caruncle immediately after calving. Changes in IUP were recorded concurrent with EMG recordings during 2-hour periods at 2, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 hours after parturition. Novel acquisition and analysis software programs were used with a digital data-filtering capability for evaluation of IUP and EMG signals. RESULTS: The method for intrauterine fixation of the 2 pressure measurement instruments was effective and allowed easy, externally guided removal of the devices 48 hours after parturition. There was a high correlation between the data obtained by the 2 pressure measuring systems. Good correlation was also found between pressure data obtained by the open-tip catheter system and EMG signals. Although the quantified IUP and EMG signals were highly comparable, synchronization was not always evident during visual inspection of these signals. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The open-tip IUP catheter system with a special fixation method is suitable for use in on-farm studies. It will enable investigators to record natural and pharmacologically influenced uterine contractility in early postpartum dairy cows.  相似文献   

Foliar spray of validamycin a or validoxylamine a controls tomato fusarium wilt     

Ishikawa R  Shirouzu K  Nakashita H  Lee HY  Motoyama T  Yamaguchi I  Teraoka T  Arie T 《Phytopathology》2005,95(10):1209-1216

ABSTRACT Tomato wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, is effectively controlled by a foliar spray of validamycin A (VMA) or validoxylamine A (VAA) (>/=10 mug/ml); however, neither VMA nor VAA is antifungal in vitro. In pot tests, the effect of a foliar application of VMA or VAA at 100 mug/ml lasted for 64 days. Plants sprayed with VMA or VAA accumulated salicylic acid and had elevated expression of the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) marker genes P4 (PR-1), Tag (PR-2), and NP24 (PR-5). Foliar spray of VMA also controlled late blight and powdery mildew of tomato. The disease control by VMA and VAA lasted up to 64 days after treatment, was broad spectrum, and induced the expression of PR genes, all essential indicators of SAR, suggesting that VMA and VAA are plant activators. The foliar application of plant activators is a novel control method for soilborne diseases and may provide an economically feasible alternative to soil fumigants such as methyl bromide.  相似文献