Lack of exposed ice inside lunar south pole Shackleton Crater   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Haruyama J  Ohtake M  Matsunaga T  Morota T  Honda C  Yokota Y  Pieters CM  Hara S  Hioki K  Saiki K  Miyamoto H  Iwasaki A  Abe M  Ogawa Y  Takeda H  Shirao M  Yamaji A  Josset JL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5903):938-939

The inside of Shackleton Crater at the lunar south pole is permanently shadowed; it has been inferred to hold water-ice deposits. The Terrain Camera (TC), a 10-meter-resolution stereo camera onboard the Selenological and Engineering Explorer (SELENE) spacecraft, succeeded in imaging the inside of the crater, which was faintly lit by sunlight scattered from the upper inner wall near the rim. The estimated temperature of the crater floor, based on the crater shape model derived from the TC data, is less than approximately 90 kelvin, cold enough to hold water-ice. However, at the TC's spatial resolution, the derived albedo indicates that exposed relatively pure water-ice deposits are not on the crater floor. Water-ice may be disseminated and mixed with soil over a small percentage of the area or may not exist at all.  相似文献   

Existence of a 400 kDa glycoprotein in the dermis of sea cucumber Apostichopus armata: partial purification and characterization     

Shoshi Mizuta  Yuuki Koizumi  Shiori Inoue  Chiaki Someya  Masatomi Hosoi  Yoshihiro Yokoyama  Reiji Yoshinaka 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(5):833-839

A large size (400 kDa) non-collagenous protein was detected as a major component in the extract, with neutral salt solution, from the dermis of sea cucumber Apostichopus armata. On SDS-PAGE analysis, the 400 K component shifted to a lower molecular weight component (about 200 K) by reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol, and they were both reactive for periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction staining. From these results, this protein was suggested to be a glycoprotein consisting of disulfide-bonded two subunits with almost equal molecular weight (200 K). In addition to relatively high contents (>100/1,000 residues) of aspartic and glutamic acids, cysteine was also detected (6.1/1,000 residues) in amino acid analyses of this protein partially purified by anion-exchange column chromatography. These combined results suggest the structural similarity of the 400 K component to fibronectins from other vertebrate and invertebrate animals.  相似文献   

Occurrence and distribution during the post-settlement stage of two Choerodon species in shallow waters around Ishigaki Island, southern Japan     

Hideaki Yamada  Atsushi Nanami  Itaru Ohta  Kouki Fukuoka  Taku Sato  Masato Kobayashi  Narisato Hirai  Masayuki Chimura  Yuichi Akita  Yuuki Kawabata 《Fisheries Science》2012,78(4):809-818

The recruitment patterns of black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii were compared with those of orange-dotted tuskfish (OT) C. ancholago. Individuals at the settlement and juvenile stages were collected using a push net in the intertidal zone and a seine net in seagrass beds. Relative values of standard length to total length (TL) for the two Choerodon species indicated an inflection point at approximately 10?C20?mm TL, suggesting that both species complete metamorphosis at a similar size. However, their temporal and spatial occurrence patterns were distinct. Newly settled individuals (postflexion stage) of black-spot tuskfish were collected mainly within foliage of Sargassum plants of the intertidal zone around March?CApril, while those of OT occurred in both the intertidal zone and seagrass beds mainly in May and June. In seagrass beds, the abundances of both species increased from May or June; however, the TL of black-spot tuskfish was bigger than that of OT. Therefore, black-spot tuskfish progressively migrate to seagrass beds after settling and completing metamorphosis in the intertidal zone, indicating that they utilize two different habitats as nursery grounds. Early spawning and migration from the intertidal zone by this species contributed to the occurrence of relatively large individuals in seagrass beds.  相似文献   

Growth hormone-like substance in the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis     

Wenresti G Gallardo  Atsushi Hagiwara  Kenji Hara  Kiyoshi Soyano 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(4):781-786

ABSTRACT:   A growth hormone (GH)-like substance was extracted from the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis and subsequently purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. The GH-like substance had a molecular weight of approximately 28 kDa and had cross-reactivity with salmon GH antibody. In vivo bioassay showed a higher intrinsic rate of increase and net reproduction rate of B. plicatilis treated with the GH-like substance.  相似文献   

Otolith development and daily increment formation in laboratory-reared larval and juvenile black-spot tuskfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Choerodon schoenleinii</Emphasis>     

Hideaki Yamada  Masayuki Chimura  Kimio Asami  Taku Sato  Masato Kobayashi  Atsushi Nanami 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(5):1141-1146

Microstructures of lapilli were examined for reared larvae and juveniles of black-spot tuskfish Choerodon schoenleinii. Lapilli of larvae at 1 day after hatching have one diffuse and obscure ring with an otolith radius of 4.3 ± 0.50 μm (mean ± SD, N = 8). The slope and intercept of the regression between the number of days after hatching and increment counts did not differ significantly from one and zero, respectively, indicating that lapillus increments were formed on a daily basis after hatching. There was an ontogenetic shift in the relative values of somatic and otolith growth, which corresponded to the transition from pelagic larvae to settlement stage. Simultaneously, the daily increment width reached the maximum value. These findings suggest that age at maximum value of increment width can be used as an indicator of the planktonic larval duration while settlement mark is not found. Since ontogenetic shift in the relationship between otolith radius and body size was observed, back-calculation of somatic growth in black-spot tuskfish using the otolith radius during the early life stages should be analyzed with caution, and the method requires further validation.  相似文献   

Correlations between mitochondrial respiration activity and residual feed intake after divergent genetic selection for high‐ and low‐ oxygen consumption in mice     

Hongyu Darhan  Atsushi Zoda  Motoi Kikusato  Masaaki Toyomizu  Kazuo Katoh  Sang‐gun Roh  Shinichiro Ogawa  Yoshinobu Uemoto  Masahiro Satoh  Keiichi Suzuki 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(7):818-826

The aims of the present study were to identify the differences between two mouse lines (high (H)‐ and low (L)‐oxygen consumption) in terms of mitochondrial respiratory activity when GMP (glutamate, malate, and pyruvate) and succinic acid are used as substrates and to examine the relationship between mitochondrial respiration activity and feed efficiency in both lines. The average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and residual feed intake (RFI) were significantly higher in the H than the L line. The correlation between FCR and RFI was significant (r = 0.60, p < 0.05). RFI was effective as an indicator of feed efficiency. When succinic acid was used as a substrate, mitochondrial respiration states 2–4, ACR, and proton leak were significantly higher in the H than the L line. When GMP was used as a substrate, respiration states 3 and 4 in the H line were significantly higher than those in the L line, and there were significant positive correlations between FCR and RFI and mitochondrial respiration states 2–4. The results indicated that selection for high or low OC changed the basal metabolic rates estimated from liver mitochondrial respiration activity and feed efficiency.  相似文献