Integrating local ecological knowledge,citizen science and long‐term historical data for endangered species conservation: Additional records of angel sharks (Chondrichthyes: Squatinidae) in the Mediterranean Sea     

Ioannis Giovos  Vasilis‐Orestis Stoilas  Sara AA Al‐Mabruk  Nikolaos Doumpas  Philippos Marakis  Mary Maximiadi  Dimitrios Moutopoulos  Periklis Kleitou  Ioannis Keramidas  Francesco Tiralongo  Alessandro de Maddalena 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(6):881-890

Effect of a Dietary Mixture of Beneficial Bacteria on Growth Performance,Health Condition,Chemical Composition,and Water Quality of Nile Tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus Fingerlings     

Malik M. Khalafalla  Safinaz A. Ibrahim  Mohamed M. Zayed  Mohamed N. Awad 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2020,29(8):823-835

ABSTRACT

Effects of dietary supplementation of Bifidobacterium longhum, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus acidophilus on growth performance, health condition, body chemical composition, and water quality of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were evaluated. Five experimental treatments in triplicate were fed a diet containing 30% crude protein supplemented with variable inclusion of bacterial mixture: control, T1, T2, T3, and T4 containing 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 g bacterial mixture/kg diet, respectively. Fish fed the T4 diet had the highest final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, thermal growth coefficient, feed intake, and the best feed conversion ratio. No significant differences in body chemical composition of fish were observed in terms of dry matter, crude protein, lipid, ash, and energy content among all treatments. Probiotic supplementation showed no noticeable differences on haematological and biochemical blood parameters, except for packed cell volume, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, aspartate transaminase, glucose, uric acid, triglycerides, and cholesterol. Conclusively, Nile tilapia fingerlings diet supplemented with evaluated probiotic with an optimal dietary supplementation of 4 g/kg diet improved growth performance and fish health without a negative impact on water quality. This supplementation could therefore be used as a probiotic in Nile tilapia fingerlings diet.  相似文献   

Surveillance of avian influenza virus in migratory water birds in eastern Hokkaido, Japan     

Bui VN  Ogawa H  Karibe K  Matsuo K  Nguyen TH  Awad SS  Minoungou GL  Xininigen  Saito K  Watanabe Y  Runstadler JA  Happ GM  Imai K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2011,73(2):209-215

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Antioxidant capacity,antioxidant compounds and antioxidant enzyme activities in five date cultivars during development and ripening     

Mohamed A. Awad  Adel D. Al-Qurashi  Saleh A. Mohamed 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Antioxidant capacity, antioxidant compounds and antioxidant enzyme activities in dates of five cultivars during development and ripening were studied in the 2009 and 2010 seasons. Fruit growth followed a smooth sigmoid curve with maximum weight at the bisir stage. Both the antioxidant capacity measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and the antioxidant compound (phenols, tannins and vitamin C) concentrations decreased from young stages through to the maturation and the ripening stages. The antioxidant capacity was highly positively correlated with the concentration of antioxidant compounds in most cultivars. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes, peroxidase, catalase and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) increased from the hababouk through to the kimri and/or the bisir stage, upon cultivar, and thereafter, declined at the ripening stages. The possible relation of these biochemical changes with fruit maturation and ripening was discussed.  相似文献   

Effects of florfenicol on the immune responses and the interferon-inducible genes in broiler chickens under the impact of E. coli infection     

Ola Hassanin  Fatma Abdallah  Ashraf Awad 《Veterinary research communications》2014,38(1):51-58

Florfenicol (FFC) as a chloramphenicol’s derivative is a special broad-spectrum antibiotic that was used in veterinary clinics. In the present study, we investigated the effect of different doses of FFC on the humoral immune response of broiler chickens to Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine under the impact of E. coli infection. In addition, the expression of the interferon-inducible genes (IRF7, 2′-5′OAS and Mx1) were analyzed in the spleen tissue of these chickens using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The non-treated group with FFC and non-infected with E. coli had the highest immune responses against NDV compared with the FFC treated groups. In the case of E. coli infection, the group treated with FFC (30 mg/Kg BWt) showed lower NDV HI and IgG ELISA Ab levels compared to the group treated with FFC (60 mg/Kg BWt). A dose dependent up-regulation was observed in the level of the interferon-alpha pathway related genes (IRF7 and 2′-5′OAS) in the FFC treated groups compared to the non-treated group. At the slaughter time, the numbers of adipocyte in the bone marrow were significantly higher with moderate atrophy of the hematopoietic lineages in the FFC treated birds compared to the non-treated birds. These results indicated that this FFC dosage dependent increase in the humoral immune responses against NDV vaccine could be attributed to its efficient therapeutic effect on the E. coli infection. However, the increase in the FFC dosage can negatively but temporarily affect the chicken body weights. Additionally, it can exert up regulation effect on the chicken innate immune response with moderate hypoplasia of the bone marrow cells.  相似文献   

Dietary Echinacea purpurea administration enhanced egg laying performance,serum lipid profile,antioxidant status and semen quality in duck breeders during summer season     

Awad Awad  Hany Fahim  Abd El-Ghany El-Shhat  Khalid Mahrose  Soheir Shazly 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(4):757-765

This work investigated the outcomes of dietary administration of Echinacea purpurea (EP) powder to breeder ducks on productive and reproductive performance during summer season. Sudani ducks (320 birds) of 32-weeks-old (240 females and 80 males) were randomly allocated into four collections (body weight; 1850 ± 15.2 g for females and 2960.0 ± 40.5 g for males). The primary collection consumed the basal diet without supplementation and was deliberated as control. The other three collections were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2.5, 5.00 and 7.5 g EP/kg diet, correspondingly. Egg number and mass, laying rate, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly changed by dietary EP levels. Drakes fed EP-supplemented diets had higher ejaculate volume, sperms concentration and live sperms (%) as well as lower dead sperms (%) than the control group. Eggs laid by ducks fed diet supplemented with 2.5 g/kg had the greatest fertility and hatchability percentages, followed by those fed 5.0 g EP/kg. Ducks fed different EP diets had higher values of haemoglobin, RBCs, WBCs and lymphocytes, lower values of heterophils percentage and lower H/L ratio than the control. All serum constituents were significantly changed by dietary EP supplementation, except of total protein and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme. Conclusively, dietary EP supplementation at 2.5 g/kg had beneficial effects on productive and reproductive performance as well as lipid profile and antioxidant status and economically valued in breeder ducks under summer conditions.  相似文献   

The stability of iron chelates in calcareous soils     

Faiz F. Assaad  F. Awad 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1981,144(1):77-86

The stability of Fe-EDTA and Fe-CDTA was investigated in order to evaluate their effectiveness under calcareous soil conditions. To accomplish this evaluation the reaction rate of fixation, K, the adsorption coefficient, K_d, and the retardation factor, S, of the iron chelate were determined through column experiments at pH 7.8 and two ionic strengths, I, of CaCl₂. The results indicated that iron in Fe-EDTA was more fixed than in Fe-CDTA. The fixation increased by increasing the ionic strength. Also it increased linearly with increasing CaCO₃ content of the soil. The values of retardation factor, S, showed that this parameter depended more on the surface area of the soil than on I or CaCO₃ content. The product KS depends on CaCO₃ content, surface area of the soil, ionic strength and chelating agent used. It can be taken as an index for the efficiency of the iron chelate under different conditions. Fe-EDTA was more adsorbed than Fe-CDTA, the adsorption increased with increasing ionic strength and surface area of the soil.  相似文献   

Desaturation of myristoyl-CoA to myristoleoyl-CoA by hen liver microsomal delta(9)-desaturase     

Awad AC  Shin HS  Romsos DR  Gray JI 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(13):4234-4239

The desaturation of myristoyl-CoA to myristoleoyl-CoA was measured in microsomal preparations of hen liver. The desaturation was maximal at pH 7.4. The enzymatic activity was linear with time up to 10 min and proportional to microsomal protein concentrations. The initial velocity was linear with substrate concentrations between 13 and up to 200 microM. A decrease in desaturation activity was observed at substrate concentrations greater than 266 microM. There was an absolute requirement for reduced pyridine nucleotide (NADH), while a maximum activity was observed at a myristoyl-CoA:NADH mole ratio of 1. Competitive inhibition studies of myristoyl-CoA desaturation suggest that the inhibitors, stearyl and oleyl-CoA, were more effective than palmitoyl-CoA. Free CoA did not inhibit the delta(9)-desaturase system. The desaturation of myristoyl-CoA was stimulated by bovine serum albumin and reduced by cytoplasmic proteins. The effect of cytoplasmic proteins on the enzymatic reaction was completely abolished by trypsin digestion and boiling for 30 min. On the basis of these data, it was concluded that 9,10-desaturation of acyl-CoA derivatives containing 14-18 carbon fatty acyl chains is catalyzed by the same enzyme.  相似文献   

Pathological changes in the mammary gland and biochemical changes in milk of the goat following oral dosing with leaf of the Avocado (Persea americana)     

AL CRAIGMILL  AA SEAWRIGHT  T. MATTILA †  AJ FROST 《Australian veterinary journal》1989,66(7):206-211

Two varieties of avocado leaves (Persea americana var Guatemalan and var Mexican) were administered to lactating goats. The Mexican variety was without effect. The Guatemalan variety in doses exceeding 20 g fresh leaf per kg bodyweight, produced damage to the mammary gland with decreased milk production. The lesions were characterised by oedema and reddening, with clots in the large ducts. Microscopically, there was widespread degeneration and necrosis of the secretory epithelium, the necrotic cells sloughing into the lumen. There was no significant cellular inflammatory response. Concentrations of antitrypsin in the milk, indicating changes in vascular permeability, increased rapidly 15 h after a single high dose, coinciding with palpable oedema. Concentrations of NAGase, indicating cell damage, increased after 24 h. Goats given multiple doses followed a similar pattern but the initial response was delayed. The toxic principle, and its mode of action in selectively damaging mammary secretory cells, remains to be determined.  相似文献   

Superior check ligament desmotomy for treatment of superficial digital flexor tendonitis in Thoroughbred and Standardbred horses     

IC FULTON  AA MacLEAN†  JL O'RIELLY†  S. CHURCH† 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(8):233-235

Summary Bilateral superior check ligament desmotomy was performed on 31 Thoroughbred and 17 Standardbred horses as the sole method of treatment for superficial digital flexor tendonitis. Horses resumed racing between 6 and 19 months after surgery. Horses that were able to compete in 5 or more races without injury to the tendon again were considered to have had a successful return to racing. Twenty-five Thoroughbreds were suitable for later study and 13 of these (52%) raced on 5 or more occasions. Fifteen Standardbreds were suitable for later study and 10 of these (66%) raced on 5 or more occasions. Within the racing industry it is generally thought that about 20 to 30% of horses with superficial digital flexor tendonitis can return to racing after a prolonged rest. The results of this study suggest that bilateral superior check ligament desmotomy may improve the prognosis for a horse returning to racing after injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon.  相似文献