Influence of Exogenous Glycine Betaine on Gas Exchange and Biomass Production in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Water Limited Conditions     

N. Iqbal  M. Ashraf  & M. Y. Ashraf 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2009,195(6):420-426

This study investigated whether the exogenous application of glycine betaine (GB) could alleviate the adverse effects of water deficit on sunflower. Two sunflower lines, Gulshan-98 and Suncross, were subjected to water deficit at the vegetative or the reproductive stages of plant growth. Three levels (0, 50 and 100 mmol l⁻¹) of GB were applied as a pre-sowing seed treatment or as a foliar spray at the time of initiation of water deficit at the vegetative or reproductive stages. Foliar application of GB at the time of initiation of water deficit treatments showed a marginal increase in shoot biomass in drought-stressed plants. Exogenously supplied GB as a foliar spray also showed a positive role in reducing the effects of water deficit on net CO₂ assimilation rate, transpiration rate and sub-stomatal CO₂ concentration in both sunflower lines. Pre-sowing seed treatment with GB had no effects on the above-mentioned physiological and growth attributes in both normally irrigated and drought-stressed plants. Taken together, foliar application of GB increased net CO₂ assimilation rate which in turn showed a slight increase in growth of water-stressed plants but this increase was not related to stomatal regulation.  相似文献   

A preliminary passive surveillance of clinical diseases of cart pulling camels in Faisalabad metropolis (Pakistan)     

Muhammad G  Jabbar A  Iqbal Z  Athar M  Saqib M 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2006,76(3-4):273-279

We identified clinical disorders of all 200 city-dwelling cart pulling male camels attending the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan during a 7-year period (1993–1999). Data were collected prospectively on a predesigned form and collated. Diagnoses of different diseases/disorders were based on clinical examination supplemented with relevant laboratory tests. A total of 463 entries of 34 different clinical diseases/disorders were recorded. Sarcoptic mange (35% of 200 camels) followed by anhidrosis (23%) and trypanosomosis (19%) were the three most frequently encountered disorders. The body system most often involved was the integument (31%) followed by gastrointestinal (21%), locomotory (12%), thermoregulatory (6%), blood (6%), urogenital (6%), lymphatic (3%), nervous (3%), respiratory (3%) and ocular (3%).  相似文献   

A fine-scale chimpanzee genetic map from population sequencing     

Auton A  Fledel-Alon A  Pfeifer S  Venn O  Ségurel L  Street T  Leffler EM  Bowden R  Aneas I  Broxholme J  Humburg P  Iqbal Z  Lunter G  Maller J  Hernandez RD  Melton C  Venkat A  Nobrega MA  Bontrop R  Myers S  Donnelly P  Przeworski M  McVean G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2012,336(6078):193-198

To study the evolution of recombination rates in apes, we developed methodology to construct a fine-scale genetic map from high-throughput sequence data from 10 Western chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus. Compared to the human genetic map, broad-scale recombination rates tend to be conserved, but with exceptions, particularly in regions of chromosomal rearrangements and around the site of ancestral fusion in human chromosome 2. At fine scales, chimpanzee recombination is dominated by hotspots, which show no overlap with those of humans even though rates are similarly elevated around CpG islands and decreased within genes. The hotspot-specifying protein PRDM9 shows extensive variation among Western chimpanzees, and there is little evidence that any sequence motifs are enriched in hotspots. The contrasting locations of hotspots provide a natural experiment, which demonstrates the impact of recombination on base composition.  相似文献   

In vitro and in vivo acaricidal activity of a herbal extract     

Zaman MA  Iqbal Z  Abbas RZ  Khan MN  Muhammad G  Younus M  Ahmed S 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,186(3-4):431-436

The anti-tick efficacy of combined aqueous herbal extracts of Azadirachta indica leaves, Nicotiana tabacum leaves, Calotropis procera flowers and Trachyspermum ammi seeds was evaluated using adult immersion test, larval packet test and ear bag method. The extract exhibited lethal effects on egg laying (index of egg laying=0.371404±0.00435), hatching (22.35%) and total larval mortality at 50 mg ml(-1) and reduced tick intensity on the infested calves (18 detached out of 35 at 45% (w/w) suspension, topically applied). The herbal extract exerted dose- and time-dependent response against all the developmental stages of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus considered in this study, thus justified their use in the traditional system of Pakistan.  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal changes in chlorophyll fluorescence images of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves following inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci     

M. J. Iqbal  P. H. Goodwin  E. D. Leonardos  B. Grodzinski 《Plant pathology》2012,61(6):1052-1062

Inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves with virulent and avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci resulted in increasing changes in F_v/F_m, and NPQ over time. Images of these chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements revealed different changes in different zones of the leaf. For the virulent strain, the infiltrated zone and zone directly surrounding it showed decreased F_v/F_m, and NPQ before the appearance of visible symptoms, and these decreases corresponded with increasing bacterial populations and putative tabtoxin activity. Another distinct zone of reduced F_v/F_m and NPQ extended several centimetres from the lesion to the nearest leaf margin, but only very low bacterial populations and no putative tabtoxin activity were detected in this zone. For the avirulent strain, a hypersensitive response occurred, bacterial populations remained low, and there was little detectable putative tabtoxin activity. Decreased F_v/F_m and NPQ, but not , were observed in the infiltrated zone prior to the hypersensitive response, followed by decreased values in a zone directly surrounding it. Following that, no further changes were observed. These results demonstrate that in addition to detecting pre‐symptomatic impacts of bacteria, chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging can also show that there are highly distinct regions of affected tissue that can extend considerably beyond the area of bacterial colonization. This should be considered in selecting leaf tissues for examining the effects of pathogens on plants, such as altered host gene expression or protein levels.  相似文献   

Development of a pooled probe method for locating small gene families in a physical map of soybean using stress related paralogues and a BAC minimum tile path     

Kay L Shopinski  Muhammad J Iqbal  Jeffry L Shultz  Dheepakkumaran Jayaraman  David A Lightfoot 《Plant methods》2006,2(1):20-13

Background  

Genome analysis of soybean (Glycine max L.) has been complicated by its paleo-autopolyploid nature and conserved homeologous regions. Landmarks of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) located within a minimum tile path (MTP) of contiguous (contig) bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones or radiation hybrid set can identify stress and defense related gene rich regions in the genome. A physical map of about 2,800 contigs and MTPs of 8,064 BAC clones encompass the soybean genome. That genome is being sequenced by whole genome shotgun methods so that reliable estimates of gene family size and gene locations will provide a useful tool for finishing. The aims here were to develop methods to anchor plant defense- and stress-related gene paralogues on the MTP derived from the soybean physical map, to identify gene rich regions and to correlate those with QTL for disease resistance.  相似文献   

Equid herpesvirus 1 is neurotropic in mice,but latency from which infectious virus can be reactivated does not occur     

Iqbal J  Edington N 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2002,50(1):117-129

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Growth and Physiological Responses of Quinoa to Drought and Temperature Stress          下载免费PDF全文

A. Yang  S. S. Akhtar  M. Amjad  S. Iqbal  S.‐E. Jacobsen 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2016,202(6):445-453

Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), traditionally called the mother of grains, has the potential to grow under high temperatures and drought, tolerating levels regarded as stresses in other crop species. A pot experiment was conducted in a climate chamber to investigate the potential of quinoa tolerance to increasing drought and temperature. Quinoa plants were subjected to three irrigation and two temperature regimes. At low temperature, the day/night climate chamber temperature was maintained at 18/8 °C and 25/20 °C for high temperature throughout the treatment period. The irrigation treatments were full irrigation (FI), deficit irrigation (DI) and alternate root‐zone drying (ARD). FI plants were irrigated daily to the level of the pot's water‐holding capacity. In DI and ARD, 70 % water of FI was applied either to the whole pot or to one side of the pot alternating, respectively. The results indicated that plant height and shoot dry weight significantly decreased by ARD and DI compared to FI treatment both at low and at high temperatures. However, plants in ARD treatment showed significantly higher plant height and shoot dry weight compared to DI especially at higher temperature, which is linked to increased xylem ion content. Higher quinoa plant growth in ARD was associated with increase in water‐use efficiency (WUE_i) due to higher abscisic acid concentration and higher nutrient contents compared to DI. From results, it can be concluded that quinoa plant growth is favoured by high temperature (25/20 °C) and ARD is an effective irrigation strategy to increase WUE in drought prone areas.  相似文献   

Genetic Variation for Salinity Tolerance in Pakistani Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm          下载免费PDF全文

A. Sakina  I. Ahmed  A. Shahzad  M. Iqbal  M. Asif 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2016,202(1):25-36

Soil salinity is one of the major production constraints. Development and planting of salt‐tolerant varieties can reduce yield losses due to salinity. We screened 185 rice genotypes at germination stage in petri dishes under control, 50, 100 and 150 mm salt stress, and at seedling stage in Yoshida's hydroponic nutrient solution under control, 50 and 100 mm salt stress. At germination stage, 15 genotypes including Nona Bokra, Sonahri Kangni, 7421, 7423 and 7467, whereas at seedling stage, 28 genotypes including Nona Bokra, Jajai‐77, KSK‐133, KSK‐282, Fakhr‐e‐Malakand, Pakhal, IR‐6, Khushboo‐95, Shahkar and Shua‐92 were found salt tolerant. Basmati‐370, Mushkan, Homo‐46 and accessions 7436, 7437 and 7720 were sensitive to salinity at both germination and seedling stage. We further screened a subset of 33 salt‐tolerant and salt‐sensitive genotypes with SSR markers. Four SSR markers (RM19, RM171, RM172 and RM189) showed significant association with two or more of the studied traits under 50, 100 and 150 mm salt stress. These markers may be further tested for their potential in marker‐assisted selection. The salt‐tolerant genotypes identified in this study may prove useful in the development of salt‐tolerant rice varieties in adapted genetic background.  相似文献   

Effect of ionic liquid on thermo-physical properties of bamboo biomass     

Nawshad Muhammad  Yanan Gao  Muhammad Irfan Khan  Zakir Khan  Abdur Rahim  Farasat Iqbal  Amir Sada khan  Jibran Iqbal 《Wood Science and Technology》2015,49(5):897-913

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