Utilization of glucose and long-chain fatty acids in lactating dairy cows fed a fat-enriched diet     

Voigt J  Gaafar K  Kanitz W  Precht D  Becker F  Schneider F  Spitschak M  Schönhusen U  Junghans P  Aschenbach JR  Gäbel G 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,112(11):423-425

The fate of carbon from long-chain fatty acids and glucose in dairy cows which were fed with protected fat was studied using stable isotope technique. The experiment was carried out on two groups of dairy cows (n=16 in each group) during the first 15 weeks of the lactation period. The cows were fed isoenergetic and isoproteinogenous diets based on corn silage. About 1.8 kg of tapioca starch in the diet of the starch group was substituted by about 0.7 kg of rumen protected fat (Ca salts of palm oil and soybean oil) in the diet of the fat group. The carbon atoms of dietary fat were naturally depleted in 13C as compared to carbon atoms of starch. Daily milk performance and lactose output were significantly (P < 0.05) higher among the cows fed with fat diet. In comparison to the starch group, the enrichment of milk fat with 13C was significantly lower, while that of breath CO2 was significantly higher in the fat group (P < 0.05). This means the fatty acids were incorporated into milk fat in preference to metabolic oxidation. Further studies showed that blood glucose is oxidized to a lower extent and is used for the synthesis of lactose to a higher proportion if the cows were fed with the fat diet. The glucose entry rate into the body glucose pool was not different between the diets. In conclusion, the dietary fatty acids perform a glucose sparing effect and improve the glucose supply for the mammary gland.  相似文献   

Comparison of three methods for arthrodesis of the distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joints in horses     

Zubrod CJ  Schneider RK  Hague BA  Ragle CA  Gavin PR  Kawcak CE 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2005,34(4):372-382

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of diode laser surgery (LS), surgical drilling (SD), and intraarticular sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA) as methods for fusing the distal intertarsal (DIT) and tarsometatarsal (TMT) joints in horses. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. ANIMALS: Adult horses (15) without radiographic signs of osteoarthritis (OA) of the DIT and TMT joints. METHODS: Group 1 (n=3) had LS performed bilaterally on DIT and TMT joints; 1 horse was evaluated for 1 week and 2 horses were evaluated for 2 weeks. Group 2 (n=6) had LS on DIT and TMT joints of 1 tarsus and MIA administration into the contralateral DIT and TMT joints and were evaluated for 6 months. Group 3 (n=6) had LS performed on DIT and TMT joints of 1 tarsus and SD of the contralateral DIT and TMT joints and were evaluated for 12 months. Postoperative comfort, lameness, radiography, microradiography, and histology scores were compared using repeated measures ANOVA, and paired or 2 sample t-tests; significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS: LS caused the least postoperative morbidity. In group 2, horses were less lame in 4 LS-treated limbs and 2 MIA-treated limbs at 6 months when compared with the contralateral limb. In group 3, horses were less lame in 5 LS-treated limbs and 1 SD-treated limb at 6 and 12 months compared with the contralateral limb. On microradiography, 11 MIA joints and 2 LS joints had bone bridging the joint at 6 months whereas 8 SD joints and 5 LS joints had bone bridging at 12 months. Significantly more joint space was bridged by bone in MIA- (51.4%) and SD (46.2%)-treated joints compared with LS joints at 6 (30.6%) and 12 (28.5%) months, respectively (P<.05). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: SD and MIA resulted in more bone bridging of the distal 2 tarsal joints, than LS. However, LS seemingly caused less pain and discomfort to horses in the immediate postoperative period; horses were generally less lame in the LS limb. More laser energy may need to be applied to these joints to promote fusion; however, it may also have beneficial effects beyond fusion. Further research on horses with OA of the distal 2 tarsal joints is needed to determine whether LS can cause soundness without facilitating bony fusion.  相似文献   

Studies of biotechnical ovulation synchronization in gilts. 5. Study on the excretion of estrogens and hydroxyproline before, during and after treatment for ovulation synchronization     

J Bergfeld  F Schneider  H Steger 《Archiv fuer experimentelle veterinaermedizin》1977,31(5):689-700

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Untersuchungen über die Pathogenese der Tollwut bei Hühnern nach intracerebraler Infektion     

L. G. Schneider  H. Burtscher 《Zoonoses and public health》1967,14(7):598-624

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The cornea test; a new method for the intra-vitam diagnosis of rabies   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

L G Schneider 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1969,16(1):24-31

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Practical treatment of severe diarrhea in newborn calves     

R Wettstein  H Gerber  E Schneider 《Schweizer Archiv für Tierheilkunde》1973,115(10):453-464

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First results in deep freezing preservation of ova from mice and rabbits     

U Schneider  J Hahn  H Sulzer 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1974,81(19):470-472

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Enzootic salmonellosis in birds in Baden     

H K Englert  K Haass  J Schneider  M Schnetter 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1967,80(14):277-279

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Specific fluorescence and infectivity in the course of experimental rabies infection of mice     

H Liebke  L G Schneider 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1966,79(13):251-256

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Plum pox in north america: identification of aphid vectors and a potential role for fruit in virus spread     

Gildow F  Damsteegt V  Stone A  Schneider W  Luster D  Levy L 《Phytopathology》2004,94(8):868-874

ABSTRACT Thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit Pennsylvania isolates of Plum pox virus (PPV) collected in Columbia (PENN-3), Franklin (PENN-4), and York (PENN-7) Counties, PA. Four species, Aphis fabae, A. spiraecola, Brachycaudus persicae, and Myzus persicae, consistently transmitted PPV in preliminary transmission tests. Two species, Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. Toxoptera citricida, from Florida, also was an effective vector but it does not occur in major stone-fruit-growing states. Species not transmitting PPV in parallel tests included Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis glycines, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and Sitobion avenae. When given a 3-day probing access period simultaneously on PPV-infected peach seedlings and healthy peach seedlings, Myzus persicae, Aphis spiraecola, A. fabae, and B. persicae transmitted PPV to 63, 31, 38, and 32% of the healthy peach seedlings, respectively. When given a similar probing period on PPV-infected peach fruit and healthy peach seedlings, the same aphid species transmitted PPV to 50, 35, 0, and 0% of seedlings, respectively. Results support the hypothesis of secondary PPV spread by indigenous aphids in Pennsylvania, and suggest that PPV-infected fruit has the potential to function as a virus source for long-distance dispersal.  相似文献