Identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 in yaks (Bos poephagus grunniens) in the Himalayan region     

Mishra N  Vilcek S  Rajukumar K  Dubey R  Tiwari A  Galav V  Pradhan HK 《Research in veterinary science》2008,84(3):507-510

Since cattle are widely infected by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in India, we searched for pestivirus infection in yaks. Of 71 pure and crossbred yaks from Himalayan region, pestivirus antigen was detected by Ag-ELISA in three animals. Pestivirus in leukocyte and cell culture isolated virus samples originating from positive yaks was also confirmed by RT-PCR using panpestivirus specific primers selected from 5'-untranslated region (5' UTR). The 5' UTR, N(pro) and E2 regions were sequenced and used for genetic typing. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that pestiviruses detected in three Himalayan yaks were similar genetically, belonging to BVDV-1. Antigenic characterisation of yak pestivirus also confirmed the typing as BVDV-1. This is the first report on the identification of BVDV type 1 in yaks.  相似文献   

Expression and localization of angiopoietin family in corpus luteum during different stages of oestrous cycle and modulatory role of angiopoietins on steroidogenesis,angiogenesis and survivability of cultured buffalo luteal cells          下载免费PDF全文

SR Mishra  MS Parmar  VP Yadav  R Reshma  J Bharati  MK Bharti  A Paul  VS Chouhan  G Taru Sharma  G Singh  M Sarkar 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2016,51(6):855-869

The objective of this study was to document the expression and localization of angiopoietin (ANGPT) family members comprising of angiopoietin (ANGPT1 and ANGPT2), and their receptors (Tie1 and Tie2) in buffalo corpus luteum (CL) obtained from different stages of the oestrous cycle, and the modulatory role of ANGPT1 and ANGPT2 alone or in combinations on progesterone (P₄) secretion and mRNA expression of phosphotidylinositide‐3kinase‐protein kinase B (PI3K‐AKT), phosphoinositide‐dependent kinase (PDK), protein kinase B (AKT), Bcl2 associated death promoter (BAD), caspase 3 and von willebrand factor (vWF) in luteal cells obtained from midluteal phase (MLP) of oestrous cycle in buffalo. Real‐time RT‐PCR (qPCR), Western blot and immunohistochemistry were applied to investigate mRNA expression, protein expression and localization of examined factors whereas, the P₄ secretion was assessed by RIA. The mRNA and protein expression of ANGPT1 and Tie2 was maximum (p < .05) in mid luteal phase (MLP) of oestrous cycle. The ANGPT2 mRNA and protein expression was maximum (p < .05) in early luteal phase, decreased in MLP and again increased in late luteal phase of oestrous cycle. ANGPT family members were localized in luteal cells and endothelial cells with a stage specific immunoreactivity. P₄ secretion was highest (p < .05) with 100 ng/ml at 72 hr when luteal cells were treated with either protein alone. The mRNA expression of PDK, AKT and vWF was highest (p < .05) and BAD along with caspase 3 were lowest (p < .05) at 100 ng/ml at 72 hr of incubation period, when cultured luteal cells were treated with either protein alone or in combination. To conclude, our study explores the steroidogenic potential of angiopoietins to promote P₄ secretion, luteal cell survival and angiogenesis through an autocrine and paracrine actions in buffalo CL.  相似文献   

Morpho-Physiological Responses of Grape Rootstock ‘Dogridge’ to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Under Salinity Stress     

Kaushal Kishore Upreti  Ravindra Mohan Bhatt  Periyasamy Panneerselvam  Lakki Reddy Varalakshmi 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2016,16(2):191-209

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alone or in combination with bacterial consortium (AMF+BC) inoculation prior to induced salinity (NaCl @ 150 or 250 mM) were studied on root growth; plant biomass; leaf area; Na⁺ and K⁺ contents; leaf water potential (Ψ_w); osmotic potential (Ψ_π); photosynthesis rate (P_n); and contents of chlorophyll, phytohormones, and polyamines in the grape rootstock ‘Dogridge’, popular among Indian vine growers. AMF inoculation in the NaCl untreated rootstocks plants increased root growth, root and shoot biomass, and leaf area and improved leaf Ψ_w, Ψ_π, P_n, and chlorophyll content, and also countered the stress-induced decline in the NaCl treated plants. The abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins, and polyamine-spermidine and spermine contents in the leaves of NaCl untreated or treated were significantly increased by the AMF inoculation. Among the treatments, AMF with BC was relatively more effective than AMF alone with respect to changes in above morpho-physiological characters. The results depicted that AMF (AMF alone or AMF+BC) inoculation significantly improved salinity tolerance of grape rootstock and tolerance is induced by improvements in plant water balance, K⁺:Na⁺ ratio, and P_n, besides distinct accumulations in ABA and polyamines-spermine and spermidine. The above findings have potential in suggesting the AMF usefulness in improving the efficacy of ‘Dogridge’ rootstock in grape cultivation under salt affected soils.  相似文献   

Genotyping of Edwardsiella tarda isolated from freshwater fish culture system     

Acharya M  Maiti NK  Mohanty S  Mishra P  Samanta M 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2007,30(1):33-40

The applicability of PCR-RFLP of 16S rDNA and conventional phenotypic methods for differentiation of Edwardsiella tarda associated in freshwater fish culture system was studied. In this study, by conventional biochemical tests and antibiotic resistant patterns 2 and 14 groups were obtained. But these methods failed to discriminate the isolates habitat wise. However, PCR-RFLP of 16S rDNA was found to be specific to detect habitat-specific isolates. All the fish isolates belonging to particular genotypes were found only in fish, not in water or sediment. Some of the genotypes were exclusively present in water and sediment. This study indicates the prevalence of site-specific genotypes in freshwater ecosystems. Molecular method is found to be superior to discriminate the E. tarda habitat wise to conventional typing methods.  相似文献   

Monitoring of Phytotoxicity of Lead and Mercury from Germination and Early Seedling Growth Indices in Two Rice Cultivars     

Mishra  Anita  Choudhuri  M. A. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1999,114(3-4):339-346

Treatment of seeds of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Ratna and IR36) separately with 10^-5and 10^-4M PbCl²and HgCl²decreased germination percentage, germination index (GI), shoot and root length, tolerance index (TI), vigour index (VI) and dry mass of shoot and root but increased percentage difference from control (% DFC) of germination and percentage phytotoxicity in both the cultivars. It was observed from these indices that the phytotoxic effect of mercury was greater than lead at identical concentrations and that IR36 appeared more tolerant than Ratna to these metals. Among the monitoring indices examined, TI, VI, and % phytotoxicity seemed to serve as good biological monitoring methods for evaluating the relative toxicity of lead and mercury to rice cultivars.

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Influence of gibberellic acid on the sporulation of Azolla caroliniana, Azolla microphylla and Azolla pinnata     

P. P. Kar  S. Mishra  D. P. Singh 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1999,29(4):424-429

strains used in the study sporulate throughout the year while Azolla caroliniana and Azolla pinnata strains show sporulation only during November–March, the favourable period for sporulation. Application of gibberellic acid (GA) at a concentration of 2.5–100.0 μg ml^–1 substantially enhanced the sporulation frequency and number of sporocarps (mega plus micro) per plant in Azolla microphylla (two strains) during the unfavourable period (September–October) by 77.3–200.0%. The increase in the number of microsporocarps was more than that of the megasporocarps. The sporulation frequency and number of sporocarps in Azolla pinnata (two strains) and Azolla caroliniana during the favourable season also increased considerably due to GA (2.5–10.0 μg ml^–1) application. The optimum GA concentration for the sporulation of the three Azolla species was 2.5 μg ml^–1, which was used in the subsequent investigations. Efficacy of GA for enhancing sporulation was tested across 20 Azolla pinnata strains. A significant positive response was observed in all the strains. Of them, 17 strains for the sporulation frequency and 15 strains for the sporocarp number showed a >25% increase due to GA treatment. Under field conditions, Azolla microphylla (two strains), Azolla caroliniana and Azolla pinnata exhibited 66.0–88.1% higher sporulation frequency and 42.8–52.6% higher sporocarp number due to GA application. However, the proportion of megasporocarps to total sporocarps did not change. Received: 4 August 1998  相似文献   

Detection of Tilapia Lake Virus in Egyptian fish farms experiencing high mortalities in 2015          下载免费PDF全文

A Fischer  C Mohan  E Schieck  N Mishra  A Heinimann  J Frey  B Wieland  J Jores 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(12):1925-1928

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A quantitative method for detecting ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria in coastal aquaculture systems     

Kishore K Krishnani  Velusamy Kathiravan 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(11):1648-1657

There is a need to quantify autotrophic nitrifiers in coastal aquaculture systems for evolving a bioremediation strategy. Autotrophic nitrifiers are extremely slow‐growing organisms, which cannot be detected by traditional methods as they are notoriously difficult to culture. Molecular techniques based on functional genes could be deployed for the detection of nitrifiers. Ammonia monooxygenase (amoA), that catalyses the oxidation of ammonia to hydroxylamine in the rate‐determining step of nitrification is largely unique to ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB). In the present study, a quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay targeting amoA was developed to estimate AOB population size in coastal soil, ammonia‐removing bioaugmentors and the solid matrix. To achieve this objective, different set of primers and a dual labelled probe have been designed for SYBR Green and TaqMan real‐time assays. The abundance of AOB ranged from 10⁴ to 10⁶ order of magnitude in the samples. In the present study, biofilm formation of the consortium of nitrifying bacteria onto bagasse has also been quantified. The results demonstrate that the developed method is a rapid and sensitive tool for the quantitative detection of nitrifying bacteria in aquatic and related environment. This helps in making the bioremediation approach for ammonia removal by immobilization of nitrifying bacteria onto the natural substrate.  相似文献   

Rehabilitation of degraded sodic lands during a decade of Dalbergia sissoo plantation in Sultanpur District of Uttar Pradesh,India     

A. Mishra  S. D. Sharma  G. H. Khan 《Land Degradation \u0026amp; Development》2002,13(5):375-386

The ameliorative effect of Dalbergia sissoo, planted on sodic land at Sultanpur (26° 10′–26° 40′N, 81° 45′–82° 30′E), India, in a tropical environment, was studied at 3, 6 and 9 years of age. The soil properties of the sites improved significantly, showing marked reduction in pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and an increase in organic carbon, nitrogen and availability of nutrients in the soil. The significant reduction in Na ion was found in all the age groups. Results showed an improvement in the soil moisture regime due to increased infiltration rate (cm hr⁻¹), soil permeability (cm²), water‐holding capacity, field capacity and pore space whereas, the bulk density decreased significantly after successive years of planting. The effect on soil attributes was confined to surface soil in the young plantation and deeper in older plantation. Therefore, the study clearly indicated that the sodic soil could be desodified by growing D. sissoo plantations on these degraded sites. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Identification of potential sources of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus resistance in black gram (Vigna mungo) and expression of antioxidants and R-genes modulating resistance response in cultivated and its two wild relatives     

Anupam Tripathi  Chandra Mohan Singh  Mukul Kumar  Shalini Purwar  Anuj Mishra  Dharmendra Kumar  Awnindra Kumar Singh  Sujit Kumar  Sanjay Singh  Narendra Pratap Singh 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(5):668-681

Black gram is one of the most important short duration grain legume, which contributes significantly towards nutritional security and environmental sustainability. The virus specific primers confirms the presence of mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) in representative samples. A total of 27 cultivated and two wild species were found as highly resistant (HR) to MYMIV and validated through molecular markers. The start codon target (SCoT) markers analysis revealed that the SCoT loci, namely, SCoT-4 (2200 bp), SCot-9 (1150/ 1200 bp), SCoT-15 (1150/1100 bp), SCoT-16 (700 bp), SCoT-24 (2500 bp), SCoT-25 (700 bp), SCoT-33 (900/1000 bp), and SCoT-34 (600 bp), were found unique, able to distinguish HR and highly susceptible (HS) genotypes. Biochemical characterization and gene expression profiling revealed the higher expression of antioxidants and R-genes just after pathogen inoculation indicated the activation of defence mechanism in both cultivated and its wild relatives, which modulates the resistant responses in cultivated and wild accessions. These information will be really helpful in accelerating resistance breeding in black gram.  相似文献