麦田天敌监测资料统计标准的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋爱颖  王向阳  刘光荣  王顺建  黄娟  王洪萍  张世杰 《中国植保导刊》2003,23(2):8-11

通过对麦田天敌消长规律的调查分析,从害虫防治和天敌利用的角度出发,提出天敌的最低利用指标,并作为划分天敌发生盛期的依据。同时提出用天敌高峰日发生量和发生盛期天数、后期网捕天敌量作为划分天敌发生程度的指标,并在麦田天敌监测资料统计中进行了具体应用。  相似文献   

Effects of rapamycin-treated HSP60-pulsed dendritic cells on th e progression of the atherosclerotic plaque in mice     

LI Da-zhu  ZHOU You  WU Wei  ZENG Qiu-tang  LI Yu-shu  WANG Xiang  FE NG Yi-bai  CAO Lin-sheng 《园艺学报》2006,22(6):1079-1082

AIM:To evaluate whether tolerogenic dendri tic cells (DC) loaded with heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) inhibit the progression of aortic atherosclerotic plaque in hypercholesterolemic apolipoprotein E (Apo- E) -null mice.METHODS:Bone marrow derived DC of the mice were loaded with HSP 60 and co-cultured with rapamycin to generate tolerogenic DC.The tolerogenic DC ,DC loaded only HSP60 and PBS were injected into the ApoE-null mice at 8 weeks of age for three times at a one-week interval.8 weeks after the last injection,aorta were harvested for HE staining and anti-CD4+T cell immunostaining.Resp onses of pleenic cells to HSP60 were also evaluated.RESULTS:Compared with DC,DCHSP60 expressed higher levels of CD86,and stimulated T lymphocytes to proliferation significantly,while the tolerogenic DC expressed lower levels of CD86,and inhibited T lymphocytes to p roliferation.After immunization with different injection,the numbers of CD4+ T cells in plaque were increased significantly in DCHSP60 group vs in PBS g roup (P<0.01).On the other hand,they were reduced significantly in rap-DC HSP60 group vs in PBS group (P<0.01).Plaque areas in the tolerog enic DC group were smaller than that in the PBS group (P<0.01).Stimulated by HSP60,pleenic cells in tolerogenic DC group secreted more IL-10,while in DC HSP60 group more IFN-γ secretion was observed.CONCLUSION:HSP60 specific tolerogenic DC immunization attenuate d the progression of plaque,indicating a new immune therapy for atherosclerosis.  相似文献   

Développement des souches de Botrytis cinerea résistantes aux dicarboximides dans les vignes de la Suisse alémanique¹     

H. SCHÜEPP  M. KÜNG  W. SIEGFRIED 《EPPO Bulletin》1982,12(2):157-161

Pour tester la résistance aux dicarboximides (imides cycliques) des souches prélevées en plein champ, les spores sont appliquees sur des disques d'agar placés à l'envers sur des milieux nutritifs contenant les différentes concentrations du fongicide. L'évaluation est faite 4 à 5 jours après le début de l'essai afin d'exclure les souches susceptibles de s'adapter après quelques jours de contact à la matiere active en laboratoire. En 1979, on a isolé pour la première fois, à partir de prélèvements de plein champ, des souches tolérantes à l ou 3 ppm de matière active. Une augmentation du nombre de souches résistantes a été constatèe en 1980. La croissance du mycélium et la germination des spores sont inhibées à peu prés de la meme manière. Les souches résistantes ne montrent pas de diminution de vigueur de Finfection sur pommes. L'efficacité de la lutte anti-botrytis n'est pas encore diminuee dans les parcelles qui ont un grand pourcentage de souches résistantes.  相似文献   

Severe granulomatous lesions in several organs from Eustrongylides larvae in a free-ranging dice snake, Natrix tessellata     

Mihalca AD  Fictum P  Skoric M  Sloboda M  Kärvemo S  Ghira I  Carlsson M  Modry D 《Veterinary pathology》2007,44(1):103-105

During an extensive study regarding the epidemiology of larval Eustrongylides infestation in a free-ranging endangered population of dice snakes (Natrix tessellata) from Histria, Romania, an adult female was euthanized to evaluate pathologic changes. Parasites appeared as nodules at various locations: in subcutaneous connective tissues, on the serosae of the intestines and liver. Histologic sections revealed nematode larvae surrounded by a capsule, forming a parasitic granuloma with 3 layers: macrophage layer, lymphocyte layer, and fibrous capsule. Differences between newly formed and mature granulomas consisted mainly in the eosinophilic infiltration. Other types of parasitic granulomas of reptiles are discussed in comparison with our findings.  相似文献   

Reduction in the Levels of Phytate During Wholemeal Bread Making; Effect of Yeast and Wheat Phytases     

Maria Türk  Nils-Gunnar Carlsson  Ann-Sofie Sandberg 《Journal of Cereal Science》1996,23(3):257-264

No difference in wheat phytase activity was observed when different types of acid were used to adjust the pH of wholemeal wheat flour suspensions to pH 5·0, the optimum for wheat phytase. When whole wheat bread was made without additives or after adjustment of the dough pH with acetic acid or lingonberry (traditional ingredients in bread making in Sweden), 64%, 96% and 83%, respectively, of the initial phytate was hydrolysed. A small but significant difference between breads with and without yeast or with deactivated yeast was found, indicating that yeast contributed some phytase activity under the conditions of bread making (pH 5·3–5·8 and 30–37°C). The optimum pH of yeast phytase was found to be 3·5. The isomers of IP₅formed with purified wheat phytase or yeast phytase were studied using sodium phytate as substrate. Wheat phytase formed 1,2,3,4,5-IP₅whereas yeast phytase formed 1,2,4,5,6-IP₅. Determination of the isomers of inositol pentaphosphate demonstrated that the reduction in phytate levels in bread compared with wholemeal flour resulted from both wheat and yeast phytase activities.  相似文献   

Testing the potential for improving quality of sediments impacted by mussel farms using bioturbating polychaete worms          下载免费PDF全文

Per Bergström  Marita S Carlsson  Mats Lindegarth  Jens K Petersen  Susanne Lindegarth  Marianne Holmer 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(1):161-176

Biodeposits from farmed mussels severely influence the biogeochemistry of sediments by increasing the levels of organic matter (OM). Mitigation of such negative impacts is important for the development of sustainable aquaculture operations. As a step towards developing methods for remediation of coastal sediments affected by mussel farming, the effects of the polychaete, Hediste diversicolor was evaluated experimentally. In a series of field‐ and laboratory experiments we tested hypotheses about the effects of polychaetes on sediment oxygen consumption, nutrient fluxes and sulphide pools under different polychaete densities and sedimentation regimes. The experimental results support the idea that polychaetes can mitigate negative effects on the benthic environment beneath mussel farms. H. diversicolor oxidized the sediment and generally enhanced the oxygen consumption, and thus the decomposition of OM. The accumulation of pore water sulphides were reduced and fluxes of nutrients across the sediment‐water interface increased. Additional calculations suggest that the effects of polychaetes were mainly indirect and driven by increased microbial activity due to the borrowing activity of the polychaetes. Trends of increasing decomposition with increasing polychaete density suggest that the decomposition could be further enhanced by higher densities. Overall, we concluded that H. diversicolor is a potentially strong candidate for remediation of mussel farm sediments. The results show that sediments inhabited by H. diversicolor have high assimilative capacity of OM and oxygen conditions are significantly improved following the addition of polychaetes at naturally occurring densities. However, technological developments are needed in order to allow the approach to be used in practice.  相似文献   

Historical atmospheric deposition in a Swedish mining area traced by S isotope ratios in soils     

Carlsson  Elin  Torssander  Peter  Mörth  Carl-Magnus  Kusakabe  Minoru 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1999,110(1-2):103-118

Mining activities for almost thousand years have caused large S emissions in the Falun area, central Sweden. Since the beginning of the 20th century, the S deposition has decreased considerably. The soil S concentrations and S isotope compositions were analyzed for ΣS and adsorbed SO42- for three soil profiles close to the mining area in order to identify the soil S sources. The δ34S values were found to be different for ΣS and adsorbed SO42- and ranged from –3.7‰ to +2.6‰. In the B-horizon, the observed ΣS δ34S values (and hence calculated δ34S values for organic S) were mostly lower than those of the adsorbed SO42-. In the O-horizon, ΣS showed similar δ34S values as the adsorbed SO42- in the mineral soil. The adsorbed SO42- showed nearly constant δ34S values with depth. The δ34S values in the soils are interpreted to reflect a mixture of historical and modern deposition due to soil S circulation with no or negligible fractionation. The lower δ34S values of organic S in the B-horizon suggests preservation of acid deposition originating from mining activities back in time. The adsorbed SO42- in the mineral soil and the organic S in the O-horizon reflect a response to a new δ34S composition in the atmosphere due to fossil fuel burning during the 20th century.  相似文献   

微观蜡晶特征在流变曲线上的宏观体现     

聂向荣  杨胜来  丁景辰 《油气储运》2014,(3):255-258

为了研究证明含蜡原油流变曲线和微观蜡晶两者之间存在一定的关联,测试了广范围剪切速率下的含蜡原油流变曲线,确立了微观蜡晶和流变曲线之间的定性关系,并且取得以下认识：广范围剪切速率下的含蜡原油流变曲线能够一定程度地体现微观蜡晶特征,其中低剪切速率下的流变曲线能够体现蜡晶形态,高剪切速率下的流变曲线能够体现蜡晶结构;并非温度越低,剪切速率对粘度的影响程度越大,在高剪切速率下,有可能存在相反的情况;在低温条件下,剪切速率存在一个临界值,只有当剪切速率大于该值时,粘度才会出现较为明显的下降;温度越低,形成的蜡晶网格结构越稳定,需要较大的剪切应力,蜡晶网格结构才能破坏。该研究成果深化了对含蜡原油流变性的认识,具有一定的理论意义。（图6,表1,参15）  相似文献   

Isolation and Characterization of Anti-Adenoviral Secondary Metabolites from Marine Actinobacteria     

M?rten Strand  Marcus Carlsson  Hanna Uvell  Koushikul Islam  Karin Edlund  Inger Cullman  Bj?rn Altermark  Ya-Fang Mei  Mikael Elofsson  Nils-Peder Willassen  G?ran Wadell  Fredrik Almqvist 《Marine drugs》2014,12(2):799-821

Adenovirus infections in immunocompromised patients are associated with high mortality rates. Currently, there are no effective anti-adenoviral therapies available. It is well known that actinobacteria can produce secondary metabolites that are attractive in drug discovery due to their structural diversity and their evolved interaction with biomolecules. Here, we have established an extract library derived from actinobacteria isolated from Vestfjorden, Norway, and performed a screening campaign to discover anti-adenoviral compounds. One extract with anti-adenoviral activity was found to contain a diastereomeric 1:1 mixture of the butenolide secondary alcohols 1a and 1b. By further cultivation and analysis, we could isolate 1a and 1b in different diastereomeric ratio. In addition, three more anti-adenoviral butenolides 2, 3 and 4 with differences in their side-chains were isolated. In this study, the anti-adenoviral activity of these compounds was characterized and substantial differences in the cytotoxic potential between the butenolide analogs were observed. The most potent butenolide analog 3 displayed an EC₅₀ value of 91 μM and no prominent cytotoxicity at 2 mM. Furthermore, we propose a biosynthetic pathway for these compounds based on their relative time of appearance and structure.  相似文献   

Variations with Breed,Age, Season,Yield, Stage of Lactation and Herd in the Concentration of Urea in Bulk Milk and Individual Cow’s Milk     

J. Carlsson  J. Bergstrm  B. Pehrson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1995,36(2):245

The concentration of urea in the milk of 510 dairy cows in 10 herds was determined at regular intervals for a year. The herds contained approximately equal numbers of Swedish Red and White, and Swedish Holstein cows. The mean ± sd concentration in the samples from individual cows was 5.32 ± 1.13 mmol/1, and the mean concentration in bulk milk was 5.39 ± 0.96 mmol/1. These values indicated that on average the herds were fed too much protein relative to their intake of energy throughout the year.Herd factors had a strong influence on the milk urea concentration. The concentration was lower during the first month of lactation than later in the lactation, and lower when the cows were housed during the winter than when they were grazing. There was a weak positive relationship between the daily milk yield and urea concentration, particularly during late lactation, but there was no relationship with either breed or age. Bulk milk urea was a reliable guide to the average urea concentration of a herd.  相似文献