Immunoglobulins, lysozyme and lactoferrin in the teat and udder of the dry cow during endotoxin-induced inflammation.     

K Persson  A Carlsson  C Hambleton  A J Guidry 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1992,39(3):165-174

Immunoglobulins (Ig) and antibacterial proteins like lysozyme and lactoferrin are components of the humoral defence against infections. Changes in Ig, lysozyme and lactoferrin concentrations during endotoxin-induced inflammation in the test cistern and udder quarter of the dry cow were studied. Surgical closure of the passage between teat and udder cisterns enabled studies of reactions in the teat cistern without interference of the mammary gland. After endotoxin infusion, IgG1, IgG2, lysozyme, and to some extent IgM, increased in the teats and udder quarters, and were positively correlated with changes in somatic cell counts. No significant changes were observed in IgA or lactoferrin. The origin and significance of Ig, lysozyme and lactoferrin in the bovine teat and udder are discussed. Ig probably originated both from serum and from local plasma cells, while leukocytes appeared to be the source of lysozyme during inflammation. Secretory epithelium appeared to be the source of lactoferrin. Support for this theory was the almost total absence of lactoferrin in teat cistern samples.  相似文献   

Analysis of oil composition in cultivars and wild species of oat (Avena sp.)     

Leonova S  Shelenga T  Hamberg M  Konarev AV  Loskutov I  Carlsson AS 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(17):7983-7991

Oil quality and content were analyzed in 33 accessions from 13 wild species and 10 accessions of cultivated oat. Wild oat species tended to have higher oil and 18:1 fatty acid (FA) contents and lower amounts of 18:2 and 18:3 FAs as compared to cultivated oats. In addition to common FAs, minor amounts of several hydroxy and epoxy FAs were also present in the oat oil and mainly confined to specific lipid classes. These unusual FAs included the previously reported 15-hydroxy 18:2 (Delta9,12) (avenoleic acid) mostly found among polar lipids and a novel 7-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid located to 1,2-diacylglycerol. The present study highlights the potential of making use of the existing germplasm, consisting of wild oat species, in breeding programs for achieving new oat varieties that produce a range of oils with different FA compositions as well as having high oil contents. However, in one matter, oats apparently lack genetic diversity and that is for oil qualities that are highly enriched in the omega 3 (omega-3) FA 18:3. Consequently, developing oat cultivars with highly unsaturated oils will need involvement of other techniques such as biotechnology.  相似文献   

2.11 Test method for examination of the sensitivity of Uncinula necator to pyrifenox     

R. KÜNG 《EPPO Bulletin》1991,21(2):317-319

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Properties of a Complex of Iron and a Sorbitol-Gluconic Acid Polymer for Treatment of Piglet Anaemia     

H. Carlsson  S. Lindvall  B. Thafvelin 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1974,15(1):100

The properties of a complex of iron and a sorbitol-gluconic acid polymer useful for intramuscular treatment of piglet anaemia have been studied. In rabbits it is well absorbed from muscle and a small percentage (8 %) of the administered iron is excreted in the urine. A satisfactory utilization of the administered iron for haemoglobin synthesis has been shown in rats. A high degree of tolerance in piglets was observed also for the highest test doses, 600 mg iron per kg body weight. The clinical utilization was compared to that of iron-dextran using a total of 209 piglets and a dose of 200 mg iron for each animal. Five of these piglets were lost, but these deaths cannot be correlated to the treatment. Of the remaining animals 102 were treated with ISGP and 102 with iron-dextran, and the anaemia-preventing effect was similar for these 2 iron complexes.  相似文献   

Kinetics of endotoxin, complement and platelet-activating factor (PAF) induced vascular permeability in Greyhounds     

P. C. MILLS  J. C. NG  A. A. SEA WRIGHT  D. E. AUER 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1994,17(6):470-472

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Toxoplasmosis and border disease in 54 Swedish sheep flocks. Seroprevalence and incidence during one gestation period.     

Anna Lundn  Ulla Carlsson  Katarina Nslund 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1992,33(2):175-184

Serum samples from 704 animals from 54 Swedish sheep flocks were analysed by ELISA twice during 1 breeding season for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and border disease virus (BDV). An ELISA, originally developed for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in cattle, was assessed on sheep sera and the results were compared with those obtained in a virus neutralization test. The correlation between the 2 assays proved good. Before breeding, 132 (19%) sheep in 42 flocks had antibodies to T. gondii and 7 (1%) sheep in 5 flocks were seropositive to BDV. During the observation period 4 sheep seroconverted to T. gondii and 13 to BDV, giving an incidence rate of 0.7% and 1.9% respectively. No clinical signs due to the infections were observed. In 5 flocks the frequency of barrenness, abortion or stillbirths exceeded 5%, 5% and 8%, respectively, but there was no evidence that this was attributable to the agents studied. The proportion of BDV-positive flocks was significantly higher among flocks that had been in contact with cattle than among those that had not.  相似文献   

Electrophoretic mobility of Bacteroides nodosus pilus antigens     

B G HANDLEY  M L NG  C L SCHWARTZKOFF 《Australian veterinary journal》1986,63(2):62-63

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Effects of local anaesthesia of 4 to 8 hours duration on the acute cortisol response to scoop dehorning in calves   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

CM McMEEKAN  DJ MELLOR  KJ STAFFORD  RA BRUCE  RN WARD  NG GREGORY 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(4):281-285

Objective To determine the effect of a long-acting local anaesthetic on the plasma cortisol response in calves dehorned using a scoop.
Design A physiological study with controls.
Procedure Seventy female calves, 3 to 4 months old, were divided into seven groups and dehorned by scoop with or without a long acting local anaesthetic (bupivacaine) which provides local anaesthesia for 3 to 4 h. In some treatment groups the local anaesthetic was given a second time, after 4 h, to give 8 h of anaesthesia. Blood samples were taken before and for 9 h after treatment and plasma cortisol concentrations were measured.
Results Scoop dehorning caused a marked rise in plasma cortisol concentration, which returned to pre-dehorning values after 7 h. The cortisol concentrations of calves given bupiva-caine were similar to those of control animals for 4 h after dehorning, but then a significant and protracted rise occurred, with concentrations returning to pretreatment values at about 9 h after dehorning. In calves given a second treatment of bupivacaine 4 h after dehorning, the plasma cortisol concentration remained similar to control values for 8 h after dehorning but then increased sharply.
Conclusions During its period of activity long-acting local anaesthetic prevented the rise usually seen after scoop dehorning in plasma cortisol concentrations; by inference it also alleviated the pain-induced distress caused by this procedure. However, when its effects had worn off the plasma cortisol values rose sharply indicating that animals still experienced pain-induced distress despite local anaesthetic being administered.  相似文献   

三峡库区坡耕地粮经果复合垄作对土壤水分特征的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

廖晓勇  罗承德  陈治谏  王海明  田道平 《干旱地区农业研究》2008,26(5):75-79

减缓、减轻干旱的发生与危害是三块库区坡耕地持续利用的关键.在坡度15°标准径流小区,以聚土垄作和农林复合为基本方法,营建坡耕地粮经果复合垄作模式,并对模式的土壤水分状况进行了长期定位观测.2002～2005连续4年试验结果表明,粮经果复合垄作能有效改善坡耕地土壤结构,利于土壤保持适宜的透水性和持水性,土壤有效库容扩大了145.2 m3/hm2;同时,增加了土壤贮水,提高了贮水利用率,尤其是底层贮水利用率,比较平作对照,贮水库客和贮水利用率分别增大了5.73%、5.32%;此外,垄沟拦蓄了地表径流,减少径流损失达74.18%～95.81%,有利于降水入渗补给及旱季底墒的保护.  相似文献   

Serum antibodies to bovine coronavirus in Swedish sheep.     

M Tr?vén  U Carlsson  A Lundén  B Larsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1999,40(1):69-74

Altogether 218 sheep sera from 40 flocks in different parts of Sweden were screened for antibodies to bovine coronavirus (BCV). Nineteen per cent of the sera were positive and there was a significantly higher frequency (p < 0.05) of at least one positive sample in flocks with more than 100 adult sheep than in smaller flocks. There was also a significantly higher frequency (p < 0.001) of positive samples from sheep older than 4 years than from younger ones. Only a weak relationship between BCV positivity (2 or more positive samples, p < 0.05) and cattle contact was demonstrated in this study. Possible transmission routes and other factors that could have affected the result are discussed. In light of our finding that all 5 sheep experimentally exposed to BCV through contact with infectious cow faeces seroconverted, we conclude that the antibodies found in Swedish sheep are probably the result of BCV infections directly or indirectly transmitted from cattle.  相似文献