Human sperm binding is mediated by the sialyl-Lewis(x) oligosaccharide on the zona pellucida     

Pang PC  Chiu PC  Lee CL  Chang LY  Panico M  Morris HR  Haslam SM  Khoo KH  Clark GF  Yeung WS  Dell A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6050):1761-1764

Human fertilization begins when spermatozoa bind to the extracellular matrix coating of the oocyte, known as the zona pellucida (ZP). One spermatozoan then penetrates this matrix and fuses with the egg cell, generating a zygote. Although carbohydrate sequences on the ZP have been implicated in sperm binding, the nature of the ligand was unknown. Here, ultrasensitive mass spectrometric analyses revealed that the sialyl-Lewis(x) sequence [NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc], a well-known selectin ligand, is the most abundant terminal sequence on the N- and O-glycans of human ZP. Sperm-ZP binding was largely inhibited by glycoconjugates terminated with sialyl-Lewis(x) sequences or by antibodies directed against this sequence. Thus, the sialyl-Lewis(x) sequence represents the major carbohydrate ligand for human sperm-egg binding.  相似文献   

Interleukin-1 costimulatory activity on the interleukin-2 promoter via AP-1   总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37  

K Muegge  T M Williams  J Kant  M Karin  R Chiu  A Schmidt  U Siebenlist  H A Young  S K Durum 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,246(4927):249-251

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Neuroleptic drug-induced dopamine receptor supersensitivity: antagonism by L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S Chiu  C S Paulose  R K Mishra 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1981,214(4526):1261-1262

An animal model of tardive dyskinesia was used to evaluate the potential antidyskinetic properties of the neuropeptide L-prolyl-L-leucyl-glycinamide (PLG). In rats, PLG administered concurrently with the neuroleptic drug haloperidol or chlorpromazine antagonized the enhancement of specific [3H]spiroperidol binding in the striatum that is associated with long-term neuroleptic treatment. The results are discussed in relation to a possible functional coupling of the putative PLG receptor with neuroleptic-dopamine receptor complex and clinical implications for tardive dyskinesia.  相似文献   

The genome of the basidiomycetous yeast and human pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans     

Loftus BJ  Fung E  Roncaglia P  Rowley D  Amedeo P  Bruno D  Vamathevan J  Miranda M  Anderson IJ  Fraser JA  Allen JE  Bosdet IE  Brent MR  Chiu R  Doering TL  Donlin MJ  D'Souza CA  Fox DS  Grinberg V  Fu J  Fukushima M  Haas BJ  Huang JC  Janbon G  Jones SJ  Koo HL  Krzywinski MI  Kwon-Chung JK  Lengeler KB  Maiti R  Marra MA  Marra RE  Mathewson CA  Mitchell TG  Pertea M  Riggs FR  Salzberg SL  Schein JE  Shvartsbeyn A  Shin H  Shumway M  Specht CA  Suh BB  Tenney A  Utterback TR  Wickes BL  Wortman JR  Wye NH  Kronstad JW  Lodge JK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5713):1321-1324

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精油防治仓库害虫的实仓应用   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

徐汉虹  江福银 《华南农业大学学报》1993,14(3):42-47

采用4种精油对4种仓库害虫进行了模拟实仓防治试验.结果发现,0.2％(W/W)肉桂油拌种对小麦的保护效果可维持8个月以上.以0.45mg/cm~2的剂量处理麻袋,齿叶黄皮和八角茴香精油处理能保持小麦4个月无虫,肉桂油可保持8个月无虫.实仓试验中发现,15ppm马拉硫磷加15ppm肉桂油混用处理.虫口减退率达100％.30ppm马拉硫磷和30ppm肉桂油处理的虫口减退率分别为89.8％和98.5％.  相似文献   

Immunolocalization of chloride transporters to gill epithelia of euryhaline teleosts with opposite salinity-induced Na<Superscript>+</Superscript>/K<Superscript>+</Superscript>-ATPase responses     

Tang CH  Hwang LY  Shen ID  Chiu YH  Lee TH 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(4):709-724

Opposite patterns of branchial Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase (NKA) responses were found in euryhaline milkfish (Chanos chanos) and pufferfish (Tetraodon nigroviridis) upon salinity challenge. Because the electrochemical gradient established by NKA is thought to be the driving force for transcellular Cl⁻ transport in fish gills, the aim of this study was to explore whether the differential patterns of NKA responses found in milkfish and pufferfish would lead to distinct distribution of Cl⁻ transporters in their gill epithelial cells indicating different Cl⁻ transport mechanisms. In this study, immunolocalization of various Cl⁻ transport proteins, including Na⁺/K⁺/2Cl⁻ cotransporter (NKCC), cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), anion exchanger 1 (AE1), and chloride channel 3 (ClC-3), were double stained with NKA, the basolateral marker of branchial mitochondrion-rich cells (MRCs), to reveal the localization of these transporter proteins in gill MRC of FW- or SW-acclimated milkfish and pufferfish. Confocal microscopic observations showed that the localization of these transport proteins in the gill MRCs of the two studied species were similar. However, the number of gill NKA-immunoreactive (IR) cells in milkfish and pufferfish exhibited to vary with environmental salinities. An increase in the number of NKA-IR cells should lead to the elevation of NKA activity in FW milkfish and SW pufferfish. Taken together, the opposite branchial NKA responses observed in milkfish and pufferfish upon salinity challenge could be attributed to alterations in the number of NKA-IR cells. Furthermore, the localization of these Cl⁻ transporters in gill MRCs of the two studied species was identical. It depicted the two studied euryhaline species possess the similar Cl⁻ transport mechanisms in gills.  相似文献   

Schisandrin B protects against solar irradiation-induced oxidative stress in rat skin tissue     

Lam PY  Yan CW  Chiu PY  Leung HY  Ko KM 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(3):393-400

Schisandrin B (Sch B) and schisandrin C (Sch C), but not schisandrin A and dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate, protected rat skin tissue against solar irradiation-induced oxidative injury, as evidenced by a reversal of solar irradiation-induced changes in cellular reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol levels, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde production. The cytochrome P-450-mediated metabolism of Sch B or Sch C caused ROS production in rat skin microsomes. Taken together, Sch B or Sch C, by virtue of its pro-oxidant action and the subsequent eliciting of a glutathione antioxidant response, may prevent photo-aging of skin.  相似文献   

Seasonal changes in atrophy-associated proteins of the sonic muscle in the big-snout croaker, Johnius macrorhynus (Pisces, Sciaenidae), identified by using a proteomic approach     

Lin YC  Chiu KH  Shiea J  Huang HW  Mok HK 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(4):977-991

In most sciaenids, males possess sonic muscles and produce sound through the contraction of these muscles and amplification of the swim bladder. The sonic muscles in some fishes exhibit seasonal changes in size. For example, they are hypertrophic in the spawning season, and atrophic in the non-spawning months. The protein profiles of the sonic muscle, red muscle, and white muscle in the Johnius macrorhynus were shown by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and were compared to reveal differential protein expressions. About 80 up-regulated protein spots in the sonic muscle, and 30 spots related to six contractile proteins (fast muscle myosin heavy chain, skeletal alpha actin, alpha actin cardiac, tropomyosin, myosin light chain 2, and myosin light chain 3), four energy metabolic enzymes (enolase, acyl-CoA synthetase, creatine kinase, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase), and two miscellaneous proteins (DEAD box protein and cyclin H) were identified. Seasonal hypertrophy and atrophy of the sonic muscles related to the reproductive cycle were verified in male big-snout croaker. The contents of some proteins were significantly different in the muscles under these conditions. The levels of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, fast muscle myosin heavy chain, DEAD box proteins, isocitrate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase were up-regulated in the hypertrophic muscle, but the levels of alpha actin cardiac, myosin light 2, and myosin light 3 were lower than in the atrophic muscle. Potential reasons for these differences in protein expression related to physiological adaptation are discussed.  相似文献   

Adjuvant activity of chicken interleukin-12 co-administered with infectious bursal disease virus recombinant VP2 antigen in chickens     

Su BS  Chiu HH  Lin CC  Shien JH  Yin HS  Lee LH 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2011,139(2-4):167-175

A recombinant fowlpox virus (rFPV/VP2) expressing infectious bursal diseases virus (IBDV) VP2 gene has been constructed. After purification and identification of rFPV/VP2, the adjuvant activity of the recombinant chicken IL-12 (rchIL-12), synthesized by our previous construct of rFPV/chIL-12, in rFPV/VP2-expressed rVP2 antigen was assessed in one-week-old specific-pathogen free chickens. The results indicated that rchIL-12 alone or rchIL-12 plus mineral oil (MO) co-administered with rVP2 antigen significantly enhanced the production of serum neutralization (SN) antibody against IBDV, compared to those with MO alone. The SN titers in groups receiving rVP2 antigen with MO alone were more inconsistent after vaccination. On the other hand, rchIL-12 significantly stimulated IFN-γ production in serum and in splenocyte cultured supernatant, suggesting that rchIL-12 alone or plus MO significantly induced a cell-mediated immune response. Finally, bursal lesion protection from very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) challenge in chickens receiving rVP2 antigen with rchIL-12 alone or plus MO was much more effective than that with MO alone at two weeks after boosting. Taken together, rchIL-12 alone augmented in vivo the induction of a primary and also a secondary SN antibody production and a cell-mediated immunity against IBDV rVP2 antigen, which conferred the enhancement of bursal lesion protective efficacy from vvIBDV challenge. These data indicated that a potential for chIL-12 as immunoadjuvant for chicken vaccine development such as IBDV rVP2 antigen.  相似文献   

Serological survey for antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi in rabbits in Taiwan     

Tee KY  Kao JP  Chiu HY  Chang MH  Wang JH  Tung KC  Cheng FP  Wu JT 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,183(1-2):68-71

Encephalitozoon cuniculi (E. cuniculi) is a microsporidian parasite commonly found in rabbits that can infect humans, causing encephalitozoonosis. Our laboratory recently confirmed the first case of encephalitozoonosis in a rabbit in Taiwan; the prevalence of encephalitozoonosis is not well documented, even when many clinics suspect pet rabbits as being infected. This study surveys the seropositivity of E. cuniculi using carbon immunoassay (CIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serological examination of 171 rabbits using CIA and ELISA showed that 63.2% (108/171) and 67.8% (116/171) were seropositive against E. cuniculi, respectively. Thirteen of the 14 rabbits (92.9%) with neurological symptoms were seropositive. Except for gender, health status and location had a significant effect on E. cuniculi seropositivity (p<0.05). Adult rabbits aged older than 4 months exhibited significantly higher seropositivity for E. cuniculi than young rabbits (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study shows that E. cuniculi is present and widespread among healthy rabbits in Taiwan. Therefore, the fields of veterinary and human medicine in Taiwan should be aware of this zoonotic issue and the resulting public health concern of encephalitozoonosis.  相似文献