Evaluation of recombinant fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase ELISA test for the diagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum in water buffaloes     

Peng SY  Lee KM  Tsaihong JC  Cheng PC  Fan PC 《Research in veterinary science》2008,85(3):527-533

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBPA) is an ubiquitous enzyme essential for glycolysis, gluconeogenesis and the Calvin cycle. It has been demonstrated to induce immune responses and to be useful in the immunodiagnosis of malaria. In this study, FBPA was cloned from the adult worms of Schistosoma japonicum and tested as an antigen for the diagnosis of S. japonicum infection in water buffaloes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed on the sera from 32 infected water buffaloes and 20 negative controls using the recombinant FBPA protein or soluble worm antigen preparation (SWAP) as an antigen. The OD cut-off values were determined to be 0.57 with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity for the FBPA ELISA and 1.13 with 93.8% specificity and 95.0% sensitivity for the SWAP ELISA. These findings indicate that the recombinant FBPA of S. japonicum should be an useful diagnostic tool for the detection of antibodies against S. japonicum.  相似文献   

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of Mycoplasma gallisepticum isolates from turkeys from the central valley of California.     

B R Charlton  A A Bickford  R P Chin  R L Walker 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》1999,11(5):408-415

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was used to investigate the molecular epidemiology of 26 Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) isolates obtained from turkeys located in the central valley of California. The MG isolates were recovered from 5 different companies and 13 ranches. Each company had unique MG strains. No evidence of spread of MG between companies was detected. RAPD analysis of MG isolates within a ranch during an outbreak revealed only a single strain involved in each outbreak. RAPD analysis identified an isolate from 1 ranch with a banding pattern identical to that of the 6/85 vaccine strain, which had been used on that particular ranch. Similar RAPD banding patterns of isolates from different ranches within the same company suggested horizontal spread of MG between ranches. The use of 2 primer sets in RAPD analysis was critical to prevent misinterpretation of relationships between different isolates.  相似文献   

Effect of substituting fishmeal with corn protein concentrate on growth performance,nutrient utilization and skin coloration in red hybrid tilapia,Oreochromis sp.     

Wing‐Keong Ng  Tze‐Chin Leow  Rodrigue Yossa 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2019,25(5):1006-1016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of fishmeal (FM) replacement with corn protein concentrate (CPC) on growth performance, nutrient utilization, gut morphology and skin coloration of red hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis sp. Five isonitrogenous (350 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (10 g/kg lipid) diets were formulated to contain CPC that substituted 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% or 100% FM. Diets were fed to triplicate groups of tilapia (mean initial weight, 10.33 ± 0.02 g) twice daily for 63 days. The results showed that replacing up to 50% FM in red hybrid tilapia diet with CPC did not show any significant adverse effects on growth, feed utilization, haematocrit counts, condition factor and gut morphology of tilapia (p > 0.05). However, replacing 75% or 100% FM with CPC had deleterious effects (p < 0.05). Carotenoids in CPC contributed to skin yellowness, which was significantly higher in the diet where 100% FM was replaced with CPC. Using regression analysis, the optimal substitution level of FM by CPC was estimated at 25% for percentage weight gain, 33% for FCR and 29% for protein efficiency ratio. CPC could be used as a single plant protein source to substitute up to 50% FM in red hybrid tilapia diets.  相似文献   

Efficacy of bath vaccination with a live attenuated Vibrio harveyi against vibriosis in Asian seabass fingerling,Lates calcarifer     

Yong Kit Chin  Nurhidayu Al‐saari  Zarirah Zulperi  Aslizah Mohd‐Aris  Annas Salleh  Santha Silvaraj  Aslah Mohamad  JingYie Lee  Mohd Zamri-Saad  Md Yasin Ina-Salwany 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(1):389-399

Vibrio harveyi causes vibriosis in various marine aquaculture fish species, especially when they are young. The infection subsequently leads to significant economic losses for aquaculture farms. Vaccination is recommended to control this disease. This study describes the efficacy of a live attenuated V. harveyi strain MVh_vhs (LAVh) as a vaccine candidate in controlling infection by wild‐type V. harveyi (WTVh) in Lates calcarifer. A total of 240 fingerlings were divided into four groups. Group 1 was not vaccinated and was not challenged, Group 2 was vaccinated with a formalin‐killed V. harveyi (FKVh), Group 3 was vaccinated with the LAVh before challenge and Group 4 was not vaccinated and was challenged. Bath vaccination was employed for one hour before the LAVh distribution was determined in the fish mucus, gill, liver, gut, kidney and spleen. The gills, livers, kidneys and skins were also sampled for gene expression analysis. To challenge the fish, skin abrasion was conducted before the fish were challenged by immersion with WTVh. The results revealed an extensive distribution of the LAVh in the liver and kidneys of the fish in Group 3 for the first 12 hr, resulting in mild lesions compared with Group 1. Similarly, there were significantly (p < .05) higher expressions of the Chemokine ligand 4 and major histocompatibility complex I genes in the skin and liver of the fish in Group 3 in comparison with other groups. Vaccination with LAVh resulted in a significantly high rate of survival (68%) of the fingerlings after being challenged with WTVh.  相似文献   

上海市青少年犯罪问题调查与对策研究     

夏伯平  李梦莎  周美祥  刘智斌  黄晞建 《上海海洋大学学报》2010,(3)

青少年犯罪是世界各国普遍存在的一种社会现象,随着城市流动人口的急剧膨胀,我国城市青少年犯罪呈现出新一轮的高发态势,成为社会各界关注的热点。为探究外来务工人员随迁子女的教育问题对上海等特大型城市发展的影响,了解和掌握城市青少年犯罪的原因和特点,从而提出预防和减少城市青少年犯罪的有效方法和途径,在进行大量书面问卷调查和深入监狱实地走访、调取大量数据的基础上,了解了现阶段上海市14-25周岁青少年犯罪状况和特点。根据调查结果,从青少年罪犯自身的微观角度和整个社会的宏观角度深入分析了造成上海市青少年罪犯偏离正常的社会生活轨道、走向违法犯罪的主要原因和特点,提出了从家庭、学校以及社会等各方面有效预防和控制城市青少年犯罪的有效对策,力求为推进新时期和谐社会构建提供有益的参考。  相似文献   

Silver Carp Bone Powder as Natural Calcium for Fish Sausage     

Bung-Orn Hemung  Jirawat Yongsawatdigul  Koo Bok Chin  Wanwisa Limphirat  Jaruwan Siritapetawee 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(3):305-315

Although silver carp bones (SCB) are generated as waste, they are a natural source of calcium and have the potential to be a food ingredient. When the SCB had been soaked in hot sodium hydroxide (0.8%), autoclaved, and ground into SCB powder (SCBP), the total calcium content, analyzed by inductive coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, was about 32%. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy specified hydroxyapatite as the major calcium component. The soluble calcium in SCBP was found to be 0.59% in de-ionized water. SCBP induced the cross-linking of proteins in minced fish after incubation at 40°C, as indicated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Fortification of SCBP at 0.0, 0.5, and 1.0% (w/w) in fish emulsion sausage resulted in a decrease of moisture content, while the fat and protein contents increased slightly. Total ash content in the sausage increased significantly, and total calcium content increased 15-fold in fortified SCBP. The hardness and gumminess values of sausage were improved with the addition of SCBP, while the microstructure was not altered by SCBP.  相似文献   

Determination of chlorophylls in Taraxacum formosanum by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry and preparation by column chromatography     

Loh CH  Inbaraj BS  Liu MH  Chen BH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(24):6108-6115

Taraxacum formosanum, a well-known Chinese herb shown to be protective against hepatic cancer as well as liver and lung damage, may be attributed to the presence of abundant carotenoids and chlorophylls. However, the variety and content of chlorophylls remain uncertain. The objectives of this study were to develop an high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry method for determination of chlorophylls in T. formosanum and preparation by column chromatography. An HyPURITY C18 column and a gradient mobile phase of water (A), methanol (B), acetonitrile (C), and acetone (D) could resolve 10 chlorophylls and an internal standard Fast Green FCF within 30 min with a flow rate at 1 mL/min and detection at 660 nm. Both chlorophylls a and a' were present in the largest amount (1389.6 μg/g), followed by chlorophylls b and b' (561.2 μg/g), pheophytins a and a' (31.7 μg/g), hydroxychlorophyll b (26.5 μg/g), hydroxychlorophylls a and a' (9.8 μg/g), and chlorophyllides a and a' (0.35 μg/g). A glass column containing 52 g of magnesium oxide-diatomaceous earth (1:3, w/w) could elute chlorophylls with 800 mL of acetone containing 50% ethanol at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. Some new chlorophyll derivatives including chlorophyllide b, pyropheophorbide b, hydroxypheophytin a, and hydroxypheophytin a' were generated during column chromatography but accompanied by a 63% loss in total chlorophylls. Thus, the possibility of chlorophyll fraction prepared from T. formosanum as a raw material for future production of functional food needs further investigation.  相似文献   

2种青虾运输方法的比较试验     

何新龙  傅洪拓  龚永生  熊怡伟  吴滟 《长江大学学报》2006,(11)

在保持水温15~17℃条件下,采用添加与未添加噬菌蛭弧菌的尼龙袋充氧法和添加与未添加噬菌蛭弧菌的网格增氧法运输青虾(Macrobrachium nipponensis),统计运输时间分别为4、6、8、10、12、16、20、24、283、2 h的青虾存活率。结果表明,长时间运输时,采用网格增氧法运输所获得的存活率比采用尼龙袋充氧法运输的高,而且噬菌蛭弧菌溶液对运输存活率的提高有明显的改善作用。  相似文献   

Effect of urea on volatile generation from Maillard reaction of cysteine and ribose     

Chen Y  Xing J  Chin CK  Ho CT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(8):3512-3516

Urea occurs naturally in many food products, and its presence affects food quality. However, little is known about its impact on flavor generation in food production. In this study, the urea contents in beef, pork, and chicken were determined. The effects of urea and pH on thermal flavor generation were investigated using the model system of cysteine with ribose, which was heated to the roasting temperature of 180 degrees C for 2 h at pH 5 and pH 8.5. The results revealed relatively large amounts of urea in these meats and demonstrated that pH affects aroma generation. Volatiles identified from the reaction system of ribose and cysteine showed that sulfur-containing compounds such as thiophenes, thiazoles, and thiophenethiols were the most abundant compounds. The addition of urea into the reaction mixture caused the disappearance or reduction in content of some sulfur-containing compounds but resulted in the generation of several important nitrogen-containing volatiles, like pyrazine, methylpyrazine, 2,5- (and 2,6-)dimethylpyrazine and other alkylpyrazines, which are known to elicit roasty, nutty flavor notes. A plausible explanation for this phenomenon is that ammonia can be released from urea upon heating and the formed ammonia competes with hydrogen sulfide to react with Maillard reaction precursors to produce nitrogen-containing compounds such as alkylpyrazines.  相似文献   

中国蒙药资源可持续利用现状和对策     

特布沁 《内蒙古农业科技》2015,(1):102-104

蒙药是蒙医师用于防治疾病的药物,是蒙医药事业发展的物质基础。蒙医药事业的可持续发展必须保障药材的质量和供应。随着蒙药资源使用量的增加和蕴藏量的减少,蒙药资源的可持续利用显得越来越重要。因此,一定要重视蒙药资源的可持续利用研究。文章着重介绍了蒙药资源可持续利用情况。  相似文献