Repair scars preserve decadal‐scale patterns of predation intensity despite short‐term ecological disturbances     

Carrie L. Tyler  Darrin J. Molinaro  Steven E. Mendonca  Chris L. Schneider  Kristina Barclay  Lindsey R. Leighton 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2019,29(12):2018-2025

Ecosystems say good management pays off     

Elizabeth A. Fulton  Andr E. Punt  Catherine M. Dichmont  Chris J. Harvey  Rebecca Gorton 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(1):66-96

Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of alternative assessment methods, harvest strategies and management approaches are an important part of operationalizing single‐species and ecosystem‐based fisheries management. Simulations run using two variants of a whole‐of‐ecosystem model for the Southern and Eastern Scalefish and Shark Fishery (SESSF) area shows that (a) data‐rich assessments outperform data‐poor assessments for target species and that this performance is reflected in the values of many system‐level ecosystem indicators; (b) ecosystem and multispecies management outperforms single‐species management applied over the same domain; (c) investment in robust science‐based fisheries management pays dividends even when there are multiple jurisdictions, some of which are not implementing effective management; and (d) that multispecies yield‐oriented strategies can deliver higher total catches without a notable decline in overall system performance, although the resulting system structure is different to that obtained with other forms of ecosystem‐based management.  相似文献   

The benthic impacts of a large cod farm — Are there indicators for environmental sustainability?     

Thomas D. Nickell  Chris J. Cromey  ngel Borja  Kenneth D. Black 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2009,295(3-4):226-237

A cod farm in Vidlin Voe, Shetland was at the time of the study the largest cod farm in Europe, and was started in 2003. Run according to organic principles, the farm consisted of 17  32 m diameter cages in the 3 km long sea loch (locally known as voe), which though extremely exposed at the mouth, is sheltered near the cages.Benthic macrofauna and physical/chemical sediment parameters were measured in the summer months of 2004, 2005 and 2006 as biomass increased in the growing cycle. A range of biotic indices showed the benthic environment was enriched at peak biomass of the farm, but by contrast, surficial CHN levels and organic matter were low and uniform. The commonly used sediment indicators redox, total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen did not correlate well with biotic indicators at this site. Predictions from a near-field particle tracking and resuspension model (CODMOD) and a simple nutrient enhancement box model of the voe system (Equilibrium Concentration Enhancement (ECE) model), were used to assess the assimilative capacity of the system.  相似文献   

An evaluation of the nutritional value of alternative lipid sources to juvenile southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii     

Louise R. Ward  Chris G. Carter   《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2009,296(3-4):292-298

Experimental lobster feeds are currently based on fish meal and fish oil formulations, and although survival and growth similar to that of lobsters fed fresh blue mussels has been achieved, varying the protein level in previous experimental feeds has not increased growth beyond that of lobsters fed natural food. This experiment assessed the growth performance of lobsters fed pelleted feeds containing constant amounts of protein, lipid and energy where the lipid was provided by a range of oil-rich ingredients (fish oil, FO; fish oil with added soybean lecithin, FOL; canola oil, CO; tuna oil, TO; mussel meal, MM; and squid meal, SQM). Feed performance was assessed by lobster growth rate, survival, final biochemical composition, nutrient retention and nutrient efficiency. Twenty tanks containing 15 post-larval lobsters each (1.5 ± 0.04 g) were randomly allocated one of six test feeds in triplicate, and the two remaining tanks were fed freshly opened blue mussels (FRM) as a reference feed. Lobsters were fed daily to excess for 10 weeks. Final individual weights of whole body and digestive gland were measured, and tissue chemical composition analysed. There were no significant differences in survival (88.4 ± 3.3%), or specific growth rate (1.3 ± 0.1%.day^− 1) among the formulated feed fed lobsters, which were significantly lower than the survival (100 ± 0.0%) and SGR (2.2 ± 0.1%.day^− 1) of FRM fed lobsters. The SQM fed lobsters had a significantly lower lipid efficiency ratio and lipid productivity value than lobsters fed TO, FOL and MM feeds. The digestive gland lipid content (g.100 g wet tissue^− 1) of lobsters fed the feeds TO (3.7 ± 0.4), FO (3.5 ± 0.3) and SQM (2.2 ± 0.2) were significantly lower than lobsters fed feeds MM (9.9 ± 1.1), FOL (9.0 ± 2.3) and FRM fed lobsters contained most digestive gland lipid (12.3 ± 1.5).  相似文献   

Glucosinolate aglucones and analogues: insecticidal properties and a QSAR     

Chris J. Peterson  Rong Tsao  Joel R. Coats 《Pest management science》1998,54(1):35-42

Naturally occurring aglucones of three glucosinolates (sinigrin, glucotropaeolin, and epi-progoitrin) were tested for fumigation activity against the house fly, Musca domestica, and the lesser grain borer, Rhizopertha dominica. A total of eight natural aglucones were evaluated in the bioassays. Two aglucones of sinigrin showed efficacy against both species which was comparable with that of a commercial fumigant, chloropicrin. None of the aglucones tested was comparable in activity to dichlorvos. Aglucones of glucotropaeolin were also insecticidal, but not to the same level as the sinigrin aglucones. The aglucones of epi-progoitrin were only slightly effective as fumigants. A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) was developed for synthetic analogues of the sinigrin and glucotropaeolin aglucones. An electronic parameter, σ*, provided the best predictor of activity in R. dominica, whereas a hydrophobicity parameter, π, best predicted activity in M. domestica. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

F2 screen,inheritance and cross‐resistance of field‐derived Vip3A resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) collected from Louisiana,USA          下载免费PDF全文

Fei Yang  Shannon Morsello  Graham P Head  Chris Sansone  Fangneng Huang  Ryan T Gilreath  David L Kerns 《Pest management science》2018,74(8):1769-1778

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Fungicides affect Japanese beetle Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) egg hatch,larval survival and detoxification enzymes          下载免费PDF全文

Glen R Obear  Adekunle W Adesanya  Patrick J Liesch  R Chris Williamson  David W Held 《Pest management science》2016,72(5):966-973

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Field‐evolved resistance to imidacloprid and ethiprole in populations of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens collected from across South and East Asia          下载免费PDF全文

William T Garrood  Christoph T Zimmer  Kevin J Gorman  Ralf Nauen  Chris Bass  Thomas GE Davies 《Pest management science》2016,72(1):140-149

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Evidence of nitrogen fixation and growth promotion in canola (Brassica napus L.) by an endophytic diazotroph Paenibacillus polymyxa P2b-2R     

Akshit Puri  Kiran Preet Padda  Chris P Chanway 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2016,52(1):119-125

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Seed size and chloroplast DNA of modern and ancient seeds explain the establishment of Japanese cultivated melon (Cucumis melo L.) by introduction and selection     

Katsunori Tanaka  Chris J. Stevens  Shiho Iwasaki  Yukari Akashi  Etsuyo Yamamoto  Tran Phuong Dung  Hidetaka Nishida  Dorian Q. Fuller  Kenji Kato 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(7):1237-1254

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