Serum selenium levels in sheep from birth to 90 days of age]     

M Prosbová  G Kovác  L Vrzgula 《Veterinární medicína》1979,24(6):331-336

The results of the study of the dynamics of selenium in the blood serum were compared in 31 piglets from birth to the age of 90 days. The analyzed selenium values in the blood serum immediately after birth (0.14--0.20 ppm) provide evidence of the intra-uterine placental passage of selenium. In the period of colostral and milk nutrition, the serum concentrations of selenium showed a statistically insignificant variation, followed by an abrupt drop of the level of the microelement in the weaning period (60th day). The individual values in this period ranged from 0.08 to 0.12 ppm. Towards the end of the study, the level of selenium in the blood serum of the piglets returned to its initial value; this indicates that although the critical period connected with weaning has a transient nature, it should be averted for preventing the occurrence of a selenium-deficit disease; this can be done by adding a supplement of 0.2% solution of sodium selenate or a combined preparation of selenium and vitamin E-Selevit.  相似文献   

Morphological and histological studies for the evaluation of several iron preparations in piglets     

R Glávits  M Juhász-Bucsek 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1983,31(1-3):103-112

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Evaluation of the results of ELISA in the quantitative determination of antibodies against infectious bursitis in poultry]     

J Zajac  L Novotná 《Veterinární medicína》1992,36(12):737-743

Specific antibodies were investigated in serums of chicks vaccinated with live vaccine and revaccinated with inactivated vaccine against the infectious bursal disease virus, using three methods. An ELISA technique was used to determine antibody titres at a fourfold serum dilution; the reaction was evaluated visually. The results were compared with the titres of neutralizing antibodies and percentage of samples with precipitin activity (Fig. 1). The average values of neutralizing antibody titres and ELISA titres were found to have an analogical pattern; a decrease in maternal antibodies on the first days of chick life and an increase in the antibodies after vaccination, accompanied by an increase in precipitin activity, were typical in these tests. Using the different ELISA technique, 138 samples of fowl serum were examined (Fig. 2). The high correlation, r = 0.85, was found between the ELISA titres determined by visual reading of the reaction within the fourfold serum dilutions and the absorbance values determined at single serum dilution. Applying a spectrophotometer programme, a scale of antibody quantification was made up pursuant to the intensity of immunoenzymatic reaction. For the purposes of method reproducibility, the evaluation was made within the average values of absorbance of positive serum on the one hand and of negative serum on the other. The span of these values was divided into ten equal parts, designated by degrees 0 to 9. Corresponding degrees of positivity were assigned to the examined samples in dependence on the determined value of absorbance (Fig. 3). The correlation r = 0.61 was found between the ELISA values and the titres of neutralizing antibodies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Regulation of milk intake in young ruminants     

S Kuchár  J Koppel  S Mozes  P Noskovic 《Veterinární medicína》1987,32(4):219-226

We studied the influence of the three main nutritive components of milk - saccharides, fat and amino acids - on milk intake in suckling lambs and on the role of insulin as a key metabolic hormone for the regulation of milk intake. The intake was slowed down after p.o. administration of milk fat (p less than 0.05), after i. v. administration of methionine (p less than 0.001) and after p. o. administration of glucose, lactose (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.001) and sorbitol (p less than 0.001). After i. v. administration of glycerol, lysine, threonine, arginine, glucose, and i. v. and p. o. administration of galactose the intake of milk did not change significantly (p greater than 0.05). The findings indicate that the short-time regulation of milk intake in suckling ruminant animals is not subjected to the specific effect of some of the milk components. Regarding the metabolic effects, the problem concerns the speed of resorption of easily metabolizable sources of energy from the digestive system to the liver and to the whole body. Neutral Zn-insulin administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 4 U X kg-1 increased the milk intake (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.001), in 8 to 22 hours after the administration only when the animals were on the low-fat milk diet (5.9%-11% fat in dry matter). We assume that the long-range hyperphagy can be related mainly with the fast metabolizing of energy-rich substances (glucose) into the body stores (glycogen, fat) accompanied by subsequent hormonal changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Levels of vaccine potency used in the successful control of rabies in Buenos Aires, Argentina     

O P Larghi  J C Arrossi  R Cetrángolo  A M Díaz  D Elberger  N Juan 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1986,33(5):389-392

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Occurrence of mycotoxins in feeds, animal organs and secretions     

G Sándor 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》1984,32(1-2):57-69

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The effect of high doses of aflatoxin on the pig]     

J Drábek  R Halouzka  A Piskac 《Veterinární medicína》1979,24(9):531-542

In two experiments, 18 pigs were given feed contaminated with aflatoxin which had been prepared by the extraction of the cultures of toxinogenic strains of the fungus Aspergillus flavus. After the ingestion of aflatoxin (AFB1) at a dose of 5.4 to 10.5 mg per kg of live weight, the pigs showed symptoms of peracute aflatoxicosis and died within 12--20 hours. After ingestion of AFB1 at a dose of 1.4 or 3.1 mg per kg live weight, the pigs suffered from acute aflatoxicosis and died within 3 to 26 days from the administration of the contaminated feed. In the cases of these experimental aflatoxicoses, clinical symptoms, haematological and biochemical changes in the blood and the patho-anatomical and histological findings in the swine organism were described.  相似文献   

Peroral administration of zinc sulfate to pregnant cows and its effect on selected metabolic indicators in the dam-calf lineage     

J Struháriková  P Slivka  L Slanina  D Soták  A Elbertová  P Polahár 《Veterinární medicína》1989,34(4):193-202

A comparative trial was conducted with the oral administration of zinc sulphate to pregnant cows and heifers aimed at influencing the selected metabolic parameters in the dam-calf line. The total daily ZnSO4.7H2O dose of 3 g (680 mg Zn++) was given to dry standing cows and heifers for 35 days on an average (15-65) before the expected date of calving. The breeding conditions in the stock were problematic: losses of calves suffered in the last half-a-year period were higher than 30% of born calves; the main causes of this high mortality were coli-septicaemia and coli-enteritis. As compared with the eight control animals, the experimental cows and heifers (12 head) exhibited a transient increase in zincaemia, followed by a tendency to proteinaemia; aspartate aminotransferase activity increased, total immunoglobulins remained unchanged, and decreases were recorded in the activities of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase and aldolase. On the other hand, the concentration of total bilirubin tended to increase. In 77% of the cows and first-calvers of the experimental group the quality of colostrum complied with the standard; in the case of the control animals this proportion was 83%. Significant zincaemia occurred in the calves of the experimental cows between the first and 14th day of their age; no differences from the control calves were recorded in immunoglobulinaemia, proteinaemia, albuminaemia and in the activities of alanine aminotransferase and creatine phosphokinase. On the other hand, aspartate aminotransferase activity tended to grow and alkaline phosphatase activity tended to sink. Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia disappeared within the first 14 days of age in both the experimental and the control calves. The results failed to show clearly that the intention to increase the values of the studied parameters of immunopoiesis was met.  相似文献   

Biochemical and hematological changes in sows during estrus]     

J Raszyk  J Canderle  M Dvorák  M Toulová  O Matousková 《Veterinární medicína》1979,24(5):311-316

After the second and fourth parturition of piglets, ten clinically healthy sows, weaned on the second day of life, were subjected to examination two to three days before heat, during heat (defined by typical changes on the outer genitals and immobilization in the presence of a boar) and two days after insemination. During the morning hours, four hours after the last feeding, blood was taken from V. cava cranialis. Seventeen parameters were determined in whole blood and in the blood serum. In the period of oestrus, compared with the period two to three days before this period and two days after insemination, a marked increase was observed in the concentration of the serum levels of 11-hydroxycorticosteroids, iron, and in the activity of alanine aminotransferase. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase was increased in heat only in comparison with the period of the two days after insemination. The concentration of haemaglobin in whole blood was significantly increased in comparison with the period before oestrus and after insemination. Further, in the heat period -- as compared with the time before it -- a considerable drop was observed in the content of inorganic phosphorus and vitamin A. The possible mechanism of the occurrence of other changes is discussed.  相似文献   

The characteristics and regulation of glutamate dehydrogenase in strains of Bacteroides ruminicola ssp. ruminicola isolated from the rumen of fallow deer]     

K Holovská  V Lenártová  E Rybosová  A Orinák  M Stachová 《Veterinární medicína》1992,37(5-6):261-268

Very little information about NH4+ assimilation paths in rumen anaerobic bacteria is available, and the information about wild animals is completely missing. Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) isolated from the rumen strain B. ruminicola in fallow deer was purified and its properties were specified after crystalline ammonium sulphate precipitation and gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. The properties of partly purified GDH were specified. One of the first specifications concerning GDH from various sources was to determine its coenzyme specificity. The results of these determinations enabled to draw a general conclusion that GDH from non-animal sources was specific to only one coenzyme while GDH from animal sources could utilize the two coenzymes (Frieden, 1964). In our study the specificity of GDH isolated from the rumen strain B. ruminicola in fallow deer to the coenzyme NADH (Tab. I) was determined; this specificity was different from the coenzyme specificity of GDH isolated from the rumen strain B. ruminicola in calves where GDH was found to be specific to the coenzyme NADPH. The effect of increasing concentrations of NADH, 2-oxoglutarate and NH4+ on the enzyme reaction velocity was also investigated and Km was determined for NADH, 2-oxoglutarate and NH4+ (Tab. II). The kinetic properties of GDH isolated from different sources are considerably variable. Michaelis constants for GDH range from 0.003 to 0.125 mmol/dm3 for NADPH (NADH), from 0.95 to 7.4 mmol/dm3 for 2-oxoglutarate, and from 0.25 to 16 mmol/dm3 for NH4+ (Misono et al., 1985). The average value of Km for NH4+ in a mixed rumen population was 33 mmol/dm3 (Erfle et al., 1977).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献