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101.
为明确分离自山东省寿光市甜瓜上的瓜类褪绿黄化病毒(cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus,CCYV)分离物的全基因组序列信息和遗传变异情况,利用毛形病毒属Crinivirus简并引物进行RTPCR检测,利用RACE技术结合RT-PCR方法克隆CCYV山东分离物2条RNA链的全基因组序列,通过与GenBank中其它地区CCYV分离物的全长序列进行比对分析其同源性,并基于CP基因序列构建系统进化树分析其遗传变异情况。结果表明,山东分离物经RT-PCR检测和测序后确定为CCYV。CCYV山东分离物与其它CCYV分离物的RNA1链和RNA2链的全基因组序列一致性的平均值分别为99.82%和99.88%,且2条链的5′末端均比较保守,没有碱基突变的情况发生;RNA1链3′末端存在2个碱基变异,RNA2链3′末端存在1个碱基变异。CCYV不同地区分离物主要分为3个簇群,其中山东分离物和中国其它地区分离物、日本分离物、苏丹分离物、黎巴嫩分离物和塞浦路斯分离物聚类在一起。研究表明CCYV基因组序列比较保守,该病毒的分化可能与地理来源存在一定的相关性。 相似文献
102.
高原鼠兔喜欢刈割茂密高寒草甸中高大植物而影响植物群落内的种间关系。采用方差比率法、χ2检验和Spearman秩相关分析相结合的方法,分析了高原鼠兔刈割行为对高山嵩草草甸植物群落种间关联的影响。结果表明:高原鼠兔刈割会促进植物群落的种间总体联结从不显著正关联变为显著负关联,降低植物群落稳定性,减少植物群落内正关联和正相关的种对数量,增加负关联、无关联和负相关的种对数量。而综合χ2检验结果、AC值和OI指数,洞口植物群落大部分种对的种间关联均不显著,种间联结程度不强。这表明χ2检验和Spearman秩相关分析能够评价小型草食动物对植物群落种间关联的影响,为全面解析高原鼠兔整体干扰驱动植物群落结构变化提供了基础信息。 相似文献
103.
为了实现对复配凝胶体系状态的调控,扩展凝胶在食品中的应用,该研究通过酸性热处理调控黄原胶中丙酮酸基含量变化,研究其对黄原胶结构、流变特性及黄原胶(Xanthan Gum)与魔芋葡甘聚糖(Konjac Glucomannan)复配凝胶特性(如溶胶-凝胶转换温度、流变特性等)的影响。研究结果表明;XG螺旋结构随丙酮酸基减少而逐渐紧密,流动性增强,有序无序构象转换温度升高。通过对XG/KGM复配凝胶流变特性的研究发现丙酮酸基含量减少,复配体系的黏度系数减小,似固性减弱,趋向于牛顿流体;且同一角频率下,XG/KGM复配凝胶的储能模量和损耗模量随丙酮酸基的脱除均呈现减小的趋势,但储能模量恒大于损耗模量,损耗因子的正切值恒小于1,呈固体特性。温度扫描表明温度降低,复配体系的储能模量逐渐增大,但其增加的起始温度随丙酮酸基含量减少而降低,且整体呈下降趋势,溶胶-凝胶温度从60℃降至41℃,该研究结果使得溶胶-凝胶的转换温度更接近于口腔温度,为食品产业中"入口即化"特性的研究提供了可能。 相似文献
104.
Waterless live fish transportation is an alternative and promising transport strategy, which may reduce shipping costs, increase stocking density and improve survival of some species. Spotted sea bass is one of the most economically important marine fish in China. However, waterless transportation has not yet been studied on spotted sea bass. To explore the possibility of waterless transportation of spotted sea bass and its sublethal stress responses, the survival rate and dynamics of blood biochemical parameters were evaluated in the present study by preserving it under no water, less water and water (control) conditions for 9 hr. The serum biochemical parameters including total protein, cortisol, glucose, lactate, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total carbon dioxide (TCO2), creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ammonia, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malonaldehyde (MDA) were investigated. Results showed that the survival rates of fish in all groups gradually declined with time increasing. At the end of transportation, the survival rates in the control group, less‐water group and no‐water group decreased to 49.11%, 15.60% and 23.96% respectively. Significant changes were observed in several selected serum biochemical parameters, including glucose, lactate, ALT, TCO2, BUN and ammonia during simulated waterless transportation, which might negatively affect the physiological homeostasis of fish, leading to the high mortality in present study. In general, waterless transportation of spotted sea bass was possible, but it might be rather suitable for short time than long time. 相似文献
105.
Apparent digestibility coefficients of animal and plant feed ingredients for juvenile Pseudobagrus ussuriensis 下载免费PDF全文
A study was conducted to determine apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), lipid, gross energy, phosphorus and amino acids (AAs) from Peruvian fish meal (PFM), native fish meal (NFM), meat bone meal (MBM), dried daphnia meal (DDM), soybean meal (SBM), full‐fat soybean (FSBM), cottonseed meals (CSM), rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn gluten meal (CGM) for Pseudobagrus ussuriensis (7.8 ± 0.06 g). Test diets were formulated to contain a 70:30 mixture of reference diet to test ingredient with chromic oxide (5 g kg–1) serving as the inert marker. ADCs of DM ranged from 49.94% (CGM) to 87.11% (PFM), the highest ADCs of DM were observed in PFM and the lowest was found in CGM. ADCs of CP in the test ingredients ranged from 74.92% (CGM) to 93.41% (SBM). ADCs of crude lipid ranged from 51.80% (CGM) to 94.07% (PFM) for fish. ADCs of energy ranged from 56.42% (CGM) to 90.09% (PFM). ADCs of phosphorus ranged from 21.81% (CSM) to 65.70% (PFM). AA availability for the test ingredients followed a similar pattern to ADCs of CP, in which values for PFM, NFM and MBM were generally higher (p < .05) than those of other protein ingredients. Among all plant meals, the AA availability values in SBM were higher (p < .05) than those in CGM, CSM and RSM. The availability of most AAs in CGM was the lowest (p < .05) among all tested ingredients. In conclusion, PFM and NFM are good sources of available protein and AAs. When fishmeal supply is limited, MBM and DDM are substitutes for fishmeal reduction in P. ussuriensis diets; at the same time, SBM and FSBM are also very acceptable protein feedstuffs. However, CSM, RSM and CGM could not be used at high levels in P. ussuriensis diets because of their inferior digestibilities. 相似文献
106.
引进鹅种的性能及杂交利用效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选择体质健康、体重相近的1日龄四川白鹅、莱茵、朗德鹅和莱×川杂交鹅各40只,在相同的饲养管理条件下,对多项指标进行70d连续测定。试验结果,育雏率依上述顺序穴下同雪分别为72.5%、72.5%、97.5%和65.0%;70日龄体重分别为2985.00g、3280.00g、3295.00g和3550.00g;0~70日龄增重分别为41.43g、45.62g、45.86g和49.51g鸦腿肌率均达到20%以上(26.65%~22.07%)。 相似文献
107.
黄颡鱼暴发性流行病病原的分离鉴定及其3种毒力基因检测 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为查明黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)暴发性流行病的病原菌及其3种毒力基因的携带情况,以常规方法进行细菌分离,人工感染试验确定病原菌的致病性,API 20NE和16S rRNA基因序列分析进行细菌鉴定,PCR扩增法检测病原菌的3种毒力基因。结果显示,从发病症状典型的黄颡鱼肝脏中分离到1株嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)GXGP1,与嗜水气单胞菌标准株ATCC 7966T的同源性为99.9%,对黄颡鱼有很强致病力,是引起黄颡鱼暴发性流行病的病原菌,该菌携带有Aer、hly和ahp 3种毒力基因。 相似文献
108.
109.
Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology,and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chunhui Huang Bo Yu Yuanwen Teng Jun Su Qun Shu Zaiquan Cheng Liqiong Zeng 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Red Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) are particular to China. In order to determine the effects of fruit bagging treatments (including bag types, bag removal patterns and dates) on fruit qualities and to understand the mechanism of coloring of red Chinese sand pears, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ were firstly covered by light-impermeable paper bags with different levels of light permeable liners during their early development stage, then, the whole bag were/not removed or only the outer layer of bags were removed 3, 2 or 1 weeks before harvest. Thus, the fruit were/not totally re-exposed or were under different levels of sunlight transmission (80.31% or 34.71%). Non-bagged fruit were used as the control. Bagging treatments significantly affected the concentration of anthocyanin and the visual qualities of pear fruit. Compared to control, fruit re-exposed totally for 2 or 3 weeks accumulated the largest amount of anthocyanin and fruit receiving 80.31% and 34.71% of sunlight for 1–3 weeks could synthesize a little anthocyanin, indicating that high light intensity is imperative for coloring in red Chinese sand pears. Bagging treatments did not affect contents of total soluble sugars, but decreased organic acids contents in fruit. In the second experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ and ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ were covered with only one type of light-impermeable bag during the early development stage and totally re-exposed after the bag removal 15 days before harvest. Fruit were then collected at different intervals to trace the time-course of coloring, and related physiology and inner qualities. With increasing time after the bag removal, the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and total phenols changed little, but the concentration of anthocyanin accumulated extremely fast within 10 days after the bag removal in both cultivars and thereafter kept constant. ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ had higher anthocyanin contents and lower hue angle than ‘Meirensu’, indicating a higher potential of anthocyanin synthesis. After the bag removal, the sucrose contents and PAL activities increased gradually and correlation analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in two cultivars. This study suggests that anthocyanin biosynthesis in red Chinese sand pears is a highly light dependent process and modified by genotypes. Based on the current results, in order to obtain red Chinese sand pear fruit with attractive appearance and good inner qualities, fruit must be covered with light-impermeable bags at the early stage of fruit development and the bag should be removed totally at least 10 days before harvest. 相似文献
110.