Isolation and identification of a novel salmon gill poxvirus variant from Atlantic salmon in Eastern Canada     

Francis LeBlanc  Delphine Ditlecadet  Jean‐Ren Arseneau  Royce Steeves  Linda Boston  Pascal Boudreau  Nellie Gagn 《Journal of fish diseases》2019,42(2):315-318

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Alterins Produced by Oyster-Associated Pseudoalteromonas Are Antibacterial Cyclolipopeptides with LPS-Binding Activity     

Florie Desriac  Abderrafek El Harras  Matthieu Simon  Arnaud Bondon  Benjamin Brillet  Patrick Le Chevalier  Martine Pugnire  Patrice Got  Delphine Destoumieux-Garzn  Yannick Fleury 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

Discovery after discovery, host-associated microbiota reveal a growing list of positive effects on host homeostasis by contributing to host nutrition, improving hosts’ immune systems and protecting hosts against pathogens. In that context, a collection of oyster associated bacteria producing antibacterial compounds have been established to evaluate their role in non-host-derived immunity. Here, we described alterins; potent anti-Gram negative compounds produced by Pseudoalteromonas hCg-6 and hCg-42 isolated from different healthy oyster hemolymph. The strains hCg-6 and hCg-42 produce a set of at least seven antibacterial compounds, ranging from 926 to 982 Da structurally characterized as cyclolipopeptides (CLPs). Alterins share the same cationic heptapeptidic cycle connected via an amido bond to different hydrophobic hydrocarbon tails. Their MICs disclosed a potent antibacterial activity directed against Gram-negative bacteria including oyster and human pathogens that may confer a beneficial defense mechanism to the host but also represents an untapped source of new antibiotics. The alterins’ mechanisms of action have been deciphered: after binding to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), alterins provoke a membrane depolarization and permeabilization leading to bacterial lysis. As hCg-6 and hCg-42 produced a set of natural derivatives, the structure/activity relationship linked to the carbon tail is clarified. We showed that the hydrocarbon tail determines the LPS-binding properties of alterins and consequently their antibacterial activities. Its length and saturation seem to play a major role in this interaction.  相似文献   

Determination of stilbenes in hop pellets from different cultivars     

Jerkovic V  Callemien D  Collin S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(10):4202-4206

About 30% of the polyphenols in wort and beer derive from hop, but little is yet known about their nutritional impact. The recent discovery of trans-resveratrol and piceid isomers in hop opens new doors to understanding beer health benefits. In the present work, resveratrol was quantified by HPLC-APCI-MS/MS in pellets from 9 different cultivars. Concentrations ranging from 4 to 9 mg/kg trans-piceid, from 2 to 6 mg/kg cis-piceid, and up to 1 mg/kg trans-resveratrol were detected. As previously shown for total polyphenols and flavonoids, the lower the alpha-acid content, the higher the total stilbene content.  相似文献   

Valuation of Rice Postharvest Losses in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Mitigation Strategies     

Sali Atanga Ndindeng  Alphonse Candia  Delphine Lamare Mapiemfu  Vohangisoa Rakotomalala  Nahemiah Danbaba  Kurahisha Kulwa  Paul Houssou  Sow Mohammed  Ousman M. Jarju  Salimata S. Coulibaly  Elvis A. Baidoo  Jean Moreira  Koichi Futakuchi 《水稻科学》2021,28(3):212-216

正Data on rice harvest and postharvest loss in Sub-Sahara Africa(SSA) is scanty making it difficult for stakeholders to appreciate the loss and set priority areas for loss reduction along the value chain. To address this problem, a protocol was developed and validated for postharvest loss(PHL) quantification in SSA. Quantitative losses at each segment were determined by field measurements.  相似文献   

Development of a High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Method for the Quantification of Alkyl Glycerolipids and Alkenyl Glycerolipids from Shark and Chimera Oils and Tissues     

Marion Papin  Cyrille Guimaraes  Benoit Pierre-Aue  Delphine Fontaine  Jeoffrey Pardessus  Hlne Couthon  Gaëlle Fromont  Karine Maho  Aurlie Chantme  Christophe Vandier  Michelle Pinault 《Marine drugs》2022,20(4)

Ether lipids are composed of alkyl lipids with an ether bond at the sn-1 position of a glycerol backbone and alkenyl lipids, which possess a vinyl ether bond at the sn-1 position of the glycerol. These ether glycerolipids are present either as polar glycerophospholipids or neutral glycerolipids. Before studying the biological role of molecular species of ether glycerolipids, there is a need to separate and quantify total alkyl and alkenyl glycerolipids from biological samples in order to determine any variation depending on tissue or physiopathological conditions. Here, we detail the development of the first high-performance thin-layer chromatography method for the quantification of total alkyl and alkenyl glycerolipids thanks to the separation of their corresponding alkyl and alkenyl glycerols. This method starts with a reduction of all lipids after extraction, resulting in the reduction of neutral and polar ether glycerolipids into alkyl and alkenyl glycerols, followed by an appropriate purification and, finally, the linearly ascending development of alkyl and alkenyl glycerols on high-performance thin-layer chromatography plates, staining, carbonization and densitometric analysis. Calibration curves were obtained with commercial alkyl and alkenyl glycerol standards, enabling the quantification of alkyl and alkenyl glycerols in samples and thus directly obtaining the quantity of alkyl and alkenyl lipids present in the samples. Interestingly, we found a differential quantity of these lipids in shark liver oil compared to chimera. We quantified alkyl and alkenyl glycerolipids in periprostatic adipose tissues from human prostate cancer and showed the feasibility of this method in other biological matrices (muscle, tumor).  相似文献   

Carbon dioxide and gaseous nitrogen emissions from biochar‐amended soils under wastewater irrigated urban vegetable production of Burkina Faso and Ghana     

Delphine Manka'abusi  Dsir J. P. Lompo  Christoph Steiner  Mariko Ingold  Edmund Kyei Akoto-Danso  Steffen Werner  Volker Hring  George Nyarko  Bernd Marschner  Andreas Buerkert 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2020,183(4):500-516

To quantify carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) losses in soils of West African urban and peri‐urban agriculture (UPA) we measured fluxes of CO₂‐C, N₂O‐N, and NH₃‐N from irrigated fields in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and Tamale, Ghana, under different fertilization and (waste‐)water regimes. Compared with the unamended control, application of fertilizers increased average cumulative CO₂‐C emissions during eight cropping cycles in Ouagadougou by 103% and during seven cropping cycles in Tamale by 42%. Calculated total emissions measured across all cropping cycles reached 14 t C ha^?1 in Ouagadougou, accounting for 73% of the C applied as organic fertilizer over a period of two years at this site, and 9 t C ha^?1 in Tamale. Compared with unamended control plots, fertilizer application increased N₂O‐N emissions in Ouagadougou during different cropping cycles, ranging from 37 to 360%, while average NH₃‐N losses increased by 670%. Fertilizer application had no significant effects on N₂O‐N losses in Tamale. While wastewater irrigation did not significantly enhance CO₂‐C emissions in Ouagadougou, average CO₂‐C emissions in Tamale were 71% (1.6 t C ha^?1) higher on wastewater plots compared with those of the control (0.9 t C ha^?1). However, no significant effects of wastewater on N₂O‐N and NH₃‐N emissions were observed at either location. Although biochar did not affect N₂O‐N and NH₃‐N losses, the addition of biochar could contribute to reducing CO₂‐C emissions from urban garden soils. When related to crop production, CO₂‐C emissions were higher on control than on fertilized plots, but this was not the case for absolute CO₂‐C emissions.  相似文献   

One‐year conditional survival of dogs and cats with invasive mammary carcinomas: A concept inspired from human breast cancer     

Florian Chocteau  Valentin Mordelet  Elie Dagher  Delphine Loussouarn  Jrme Abadie  Frdrique Nguyen 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2021,19(1):140-151

Numerous studies have described the prognostic factors of canine and feline mammary carcinomas (MCs), that is, variables that predict patient survival after diagnosis. But how does survival estimation evolve in patients that escaped early death from their cancer? In human oncology, conditional survival (CS), the probability of surviving X further years when cancer patients have already survived Y years, is used to analyse cancer outcomes in a long‐term perspective. In this cohort of 344 dogs and 342 cats with surgically removed stage I to III invasive MCs, with a minimal follow‐up of 2 years, we calculated the 1‐year CS, that is, the probability for patients that have survived 1 year, to survive or to die from cancer during the subsequent year. The 1‐year conditional specific survival probabilities were 59% and 48% at diagnosis of invasive MC respectively in dogs and cats, and 80% and 52% in 1‐year surviving dogs and cats respectively, suggesting that 1‐year surviving dogs were relatively protected from cancer‐related death, whereas feline MCs remained life‐threatening cancers for longer periods of time. Among the most significant parameters associated with CS in surviving dogs and cats were the nodal stage and lymphovascular invasion, as well as patient age, cancer stage and margin status in surviving dogs. By comparison, tumour size and the histological grade did not significantly alter CS probabilities in surviving dogs and cats. Conditional survival may be considered a very interesting tool for veterinary practitioners to estimate the likely outcome of cancer survivors.  相似文献   

Induction of a barrier membrane to facilitate reconstruction of massive segmental diaphyseal bone defects: an ovine model   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Viateau V  Guillemin G  Calando Y  Logeart D  Oudina K  Sedel L  Hannouche D  Bousson V  Petite H 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2006,35(5):445-452

OBJECTIVES: To report an ovine model that can be used to evaluate the efficacy of bone substitutes for repair of segmental diaphyseal bone defects. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. ANIMALS: Eleven 2-year-old Pré-Alpes Sheep. METHODS: Mid-diaphyseal metatarsal bone defects (25 mm long) were stabilized by a dynamic compression plate over a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) cement spacer, and by external coaptation. The PMMA spacer was removed at 6 weeks by incising the encapsulating membrane. The defect remained unfilled (Group 1; n=5) or was filled with morselized autologous corticocancellous graft (Group 2; n=6), the membrane sutured closed, and external coaptation applied for 6 months, when healing was evaluated. RESULTS: Radiographic, computed tomographic, and histologic examinations at 6 months after the 2nd surgery revealed non-union in ungrafted defects whereas grafted defects showed bone healing. The induced membrane had blood vessels, CBFA1+ cells, and very few macrophages entrapped in a collagenous tissue positive for type I collagen. CONCLUSION: This ovine metatarsal defect model resulted in a critical-size defect (non-union) that healed when grafted. The PMMA-induced membrane constrained the graft, was well vascularized, and may have osteogenic properties. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This model may be useful to evaluate new strategies in bone tissue engineering because the PMMA-induced membrane may help confine bone morphogenetic proteins, skeletal stem cells, or other agents to the defect cavity where they could be useful to enhance bone formation.  相似文献   

Genotypic variability and genotype by environment interactions for inulin content of Jerusalem artichoke germplasm     

Ratchanee Puttha  Sanun Jogloy  Preeya P. Wangsomnuk  Supalax Srijaranai  Thawan Kesmala  Aran Patanothai 《Euphytica》2012,183(1):119-131

Genetic variations in germplasm and genotype × environment interaction (G × E) are important for crop improvement. The objectives were to explore genetic variation in Jerusalem artichoke germplasm and to evaluate G × E interaction for inulin content. Seventy-nine accessions of Jerusalem artichoke were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for three seasons. Significant variation in inulin content (55.3–74.0% dry weight) was observed and the genotypes with high inulin content could be identified although there was intermediate G × E interaction. Genotypes were also significantly different for days to maturity, fresh tuber yield, biomass and harvest index and G × E interactions for these traits were also significant. The correlation between inulin content and days to maturity was not significant (r = −0.20), whereas inulin content and fresh tuber yield were significantly associated (r = 0.22). JA 37 and CN 52867 are promising for high yield and inulin content.  相似文献   

Arthroscopic Findings in 32 Joints Affected by Severe Elbow Incongruity with Concomitant Fragmented Medial Coronoid Process     

Yves Samoy DVM  PhD  Delphine Van Vynckt DVM  Ingrid Gielen DVM  PhD  Henri van Bree DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVS & ECVDI  Luc Duchateau DVM  PhD  Bernadette Van Ryssen DVM  PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2012,41(3):355-361

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