杂种落叶松不同子代针叶内抗氧化酶活性的比较     

严善春  门丽娜  石蕾  鲁艺芳 《林业科学》2011,47(10)

为研究不同品种杂种落叶松针叶内抗氧化酶活性的差异,用紫外分光光度法对日本落叶松、兴安落叶松和长白落叶松的杂交后代,共2代7个家系的杂种落叶松针叶内的过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及其差异进行比较分析。结果表明:2代7个家系杂种落叶松针叶内的CAT、POD和SOD的活性差异极显著(P<0.01),F1代CAT、SOD的活性普遍高于F2代,POD活性低于F2代。在抗氧化酶方面,F1代杂种优势高于F2代,F1代日3×兴2、F2代日12×兴9等具有较好的潜在抗虫性;结合其他抗虫生理指标,该研究结果在选育落叶松抗虫品种过程中有参考价值。  相似文献   

Weed management and irrigation are key treatments in emerging black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) cultivation     

A. Olivera  C. R. Fischer  J. A. Bonet  J. Mart��nez de Arag��n  D. Oliach  C. Colinas 《New Forests》2011,42(2):227-239

Interest in conversion of marginal agricultural lands to small oak woodlands for the production of black truffles (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) is increasing in the native black truffle areas of France, Spain and Italy as well as suitable or amended sites throughout the world due to high economic returns for gastronomically valuable truffles. Successful long-term management of a perennial plantation replacing an annual crop requires understanding the system in all phases of the life cycle, and in the case of truffles this involves understanding the interactive growth of the aboveground host and the belowground symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungus whose fruitbody is the desired truffle. Here we focus on the pre-production phase, 4 years after establishing the truffle-oak plantation and prior to truffle production. We tested the influence of weed control, irrigation and fertilizer, each at 3 levels, on plant growth and ectomycorrhizal proliferation in three truffle-oaks plantations in northeast Spain. Results show that adequate weed control improves root and shoot dry weight while fertilizer and irrigation treatments did not influence plant growth. The low dose of irrigation (50% of the estimated water deficit for the site) and glyphosate weed control both increased total root tips/plant and T. melanosporum colonized tips (ectomycorrhizae) by approximately two-fold, compared to control treatments. Distribution of the ectomycorrhizae within the soil profile was significantly influenced by the low dose irrigation treatment, with increases observed in the 10?C20 cm and the 20?C30 cm deep layers compared to the control and high irrigation treatments. Four years after planting, T. melanosporum remained the dominant fungal symbiont, despite the presence of 14 other ectomycorrhizal morphotypes from these sites.  相似文献   

Reference evapotranspiration estimation without local climatic data   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Pau Mart��  Pablo Gonz��lez-Altozano  Mar��a Gasque 《Irrigation Science》2011,29(6):479-495

The Penman–Monteith equation for reference evapotranspiration (ET_o) estimation cannot be applied in many situations, because climatic records are totally or partially not available or reliable. In these cases, empirical equations that rely on few climatic variables are necessary. Nevertheless, the uncertainty associated with empirical model estimations is often high. Thus, the improvement of methods relying on few climatic inputs as well as the development of emergency estimation tools that demand no local climatic records turns into a task of great relevance. The present study describes different approaches based on multiple linear regression, simple regression and artificial neural networks (ANNs) to deal with ET_o estimation exclusively from exogenous records from secondary stations. This cross-station approach is based on a continental characterization of the study region, which enables the selection and hierarchization of the most suitable ancillary data supplier stations. This procedure is compared with different traditional and cross-station approaches, including methodologies that also consider local temperature inputs. The proposed methods are also evaluated as gap infilling procedures and compared with a simple methodology, the window averaging. The artificial neural network and the multiple linear regression approaches present very similar performance accuracies, considerably higher than simple regression and traditional temperature-based approaches. The proposed input combinations allow similar performance accuracies as ANN models relying on exogenous ET_o records and local temperature measurements. The cross-station multiple linear regression procedure is recommended due to its higher simplicity.  相似文献   

Establishing maximum daily trunk shrinkage and midday stem water potential reference equations for irrigation scheduling of early maturing peach trees     

W. Conejero  C. D. Mellisho  M. F. Ortu?o  A. Galindo  F. P��rez-Sarmiento  A. Torrecillas 《Irrigation Science》2011,29(4):299-309

Measurements of midday stem water potential (Ψ_stem) and maximum daily trunk shrinkage (MDS) were taken over a 4-year period in early maturing peach trees (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. Flordastar) grafted on GF-677 rootstock. Plants were irrigated daily above their water requirements in order to obtain non-limiting soil water conditions. The results indicated that seasonal reference equations can be obtained for MDS and Ψ_stem using crop reference evapotranspiration (ETo), daily mean vapour pressure deficit (VPD_m) and mean daily air temperature (T_m) in the case of MDS, and ETo and VPD_m in the case of Ψ_stem. In this way, VPD_m was seen to be the best predictor of MDS and Ψ_stem, without both were influenced significantly by yield or crop load variations between years. When the postharvest regression between MDS or Ψ_stem and the meteorological parameters mentioned were broken down into early and late postharvest periods, the correlation coefficients improved and were closely related to the presence or absence of sugar-demanding sinks, such as active root growth. A negative linear relationship between MDS and Ψ_stem was found, pointing to unchanging radial hydraulic conductivity in the bark tissues and suggesting that MDS depends to a great extent of the water potential.  相似文献   

桃(Prunus persica L.)茎尖培养技术的研究     

江虎军  潘季淑  孟新法 《中国农业大学学报》1993,(1):49-52

筛选出了适合于桃品种‘北农早艳’茎尖(0.2 mm 和0.5 mm)培养的培养基为:G培养基附加 IBA 0.25 mg/L+BA 0.5 mg/L+GA_3 1.0 mg/L+LH 500.0 mg/L。茎尖用聚氨酯海绵作支撑物的液体培养比琼脂培养成活率高2～5倍,且生长迅速。获得了0.2 mm 长茎尖的生根植株。  相似文献   

利木辛牛1/29罗伯逊易位及其对公牛繁殖性能的影响     

韩建林  门正明 《甘肃农业大学学报》1992,27(3):185-189

在对4头由国外引进的利木辛种牛进行染色体组型、G-、C-带核型分析之后,发现了一头核型为59,XY,t(1q 29q)的种公牛。通过与正常同品种公牛的比较,结果表明易位杂合子的每月平均采精次数、采精量、精子浓度、鲜精活力、冻精活力及复活率等指标基本正常。但已有的资料已肯定这种畸变对母牛的繁殖性能有一定影响。为此,我们建议尽快将染色体检查列入我国人工授精用种畜的选择方案之中。  相似文献   

甘肃黑白花奶牛α－乳清蛋白及β－乳球蛋白多态性与产奶量相关性研究     

门正明  韩建林  刘源  祁光宏  安文龙  李国柱 《甘肃农业大学学报》1995,(2)

在分析甘肃黑白花奶牛α－乳清蛋白及β－乳球蛋白遗传多态性的基础上，作者对这两个基因座与产奶量的相关性及其互作效应作了研究。发现这两个基因座对产奶量无显著影响及明显的互作效应，结合国外对β－乳球蛋白多态性与乳加工特性及乳品质相关性研究的结论，作者认为在甘肃黑白花奶牛进一步的选育中，应适当或尽可能地提高β－ＬｇＢＢ型个体的比例。  相似文献   

吉林省东部半山区“四密25”玉米产量构成因素的浅析     

方向前边少锋  柴寿江孟祥盟谭国波  赵洪祥张丽华杨粉团  李伟堂孙国臣付稀厚  张凤喜 《勤云标准版测试》2006,(7)

四密25是优质高产适应性较强的玉米品种,虽创造出吉林省东部半山区15000kg/hm2的高产记录,但产量波动(7500～15000kg/hm2)较大。为进一步研究其高产稳产的构成因素,1994-2004年,在吉林省东部半山区桦甸市5个乡镇,应用四密25分别进行了品种比较、高产攻关、覆膜种植与裸地种植、不同施肥量、施肥方法、播种方法、播种时期、不同密度及等离子体处理种子的剂量、次数、播种期、化肥利用率的试验。通过对上述各项试验的194份材料统计分析,明确了四密25构成产量模型的3个主导因素为千粒重、穗粒数、公顷穗数。根据回归分析理论,计算出产量与3个主导因素之间的模型,为今后吉林省东部半山区四密25高产稳产提供理论依据。  相似文献   

基于SOTER数据库的河北省土壤侵蚀研究     

门明新  陈建  宇振荣  许皞 《勤云标准版测试》2007,(7)

【研究目的】应用SOTER数据库与RUSLE模型定量化估算河北省土壤侵蚀风险。【方法】在建立河北省SOTER数据库的基础上,提取地形因子、植被覆盖与耕作管理措施和土壤保持措施,结合土壤可蚀性与降雨侵蚀力因子,应用RUSLE模型定量评价河北省山区土壤侵蚀风险。【结果】河北省轻度水土流失面积3.5万km2,占18.9%;中度水土流失面积1.1万km2,占6.1%;强度与极强度水土流失面积分别为8 183km2与1.0万km2,分别占全省面积的4.4%和5.6%;剧烈土壤侵蚀面积为1.2万km2,占全省面积的6.8%。【结论】河北省土壤侵蚀主要发生在太行山、燕山山区,尤以低山丘陵地带的土石山区最为严重。  相似文献   

棉蚜的排蜜规律及蜜露中氨基酸成份的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孟玲  刘芳政  于江南 《新疆农业大学学报》1991,(3)

在棉蚜一生中,幼龄若蚜排蜜频率快,但蜜滴直径和蜜滴重量小;随着龄期增大,棉蚜体重增加,排蜜量也不断增多,每头夏型棉蚜一生排蜜量为2086.8μg。在田间,棉蚜排蜜量与昼夜节律有关,白天排蜜量为一昼夜的三分之二。棉蚜蜜露中氨基酸含量为0.536％。其中天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸含量较高,分别占所测定17种氨基酸的37.5％和20.2％;棉蚜蜜露中氨基酸的种类及含量与棉叶中氨基酸的种类及含量有密切关系。  相似文献