Growth performances of Washera sheep under smallholder management systems in Yilmanadensa and Quarit districts,Ethiopia     

Mengistie Taye  Girma Abebe  Solomon Gizaw  Sisay Lemma  Abebe Mekoya  Markos Tibbo 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(4):659-667

A study was conducted to evaluate growth performances of Washera sheep under smallholder production systems in the Yilmanadensa and Quarit districts of the Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia. Data were collected and analysed on the growth of 690 lambs owned by 110 households from October 2004 to September 2007. Weight (kilograms) of Washera lambs at birth, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age was 2.69 ± 0.02, 7.10 ± 0.16, 12.42 ± 0.11, 16.12 ± 0.91, 20.05 ± 0.55 and 23.47 ± 0.68, respectively. Birth weight was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by district, year of birth, parity of the dam, birth type and sex of lamb and by the interaction effect of parity by birth type and parity by sex of lamb. Weaning weight was also affected by year of birth, type of birth and sex of lamb. Yearling weight was affected by only year of birth and sex of birth. The average daily weight gain (ADG; grams) from birth to 30 days, birth to 90 days, 90 to 180 days and birth to 1 year of age was 143.37 ± 13.46, 107.09 ± 2.67, 39.78 ± 9.73 and 60.13 ± 1.89, respectively. Growth rates from birth to 30 and 90 days of age were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by birth year, birth type and sex. ADG from birth to 1 year of age was affected by lamb sex and district. The indigenous Washera sheep had faster growth rate than those sheep breeds of Ethiopia extensively studied thus far. Integrated efforts combining improved nutrition, health and participatory community-based breeding would help the smallholder farmers to utilise and conserve this immense sheep genetic resource of Ethiopia.  相似文献   

Optimum irrigation and pond operation to move away from exclusively rainfed agriculture: the Boru Dodota Spate Irrigation Scheme, Ethiopia     

Abebe Demissie Chukalla  Abraham Mehari Haile  Bart Schultz 《Irrigation Science》2013,31(5):1091-1102

Under rainfed agriculture without supplementary supply, crop failure due to erratic rainfall has become a common phenomenon in many regions of Ethiopia. Spate irrigation development with storage provision at the 5,000 ha Boru Dodota Spate Irrigation Scheme is one of the initiatives to move away from exclusively rain-dependent agriculture. This initiative has faced several challenges. Lack of design experience and failure to fully grasp the unpredictable nature of the spate flow caused the Boru Dodota Spate Irrigation Scheme to be implemented without considering the necessity of storage ponds. In addition, absence of a systematic approach to assist planners has resulted in non-optimal design of ponds’ capacity and operation. The study, on which this article is based, aimed at optimum storage operation to irrigate the maximum possible area with the existing ponds’ capacity and available water resource. During the study, the surface storage and irrigation scheme planning model was developed and used to analyze several pond operation scenarios in Boru Dodota Spate Irrigation Scheme. The main findings were as follows: (1) Supplementing the rainfall with the operation of the existing 19 ponds that enable weekly irrigation frequency results in irrigating at least 6,600 ha. (2) An increase in the number of ponds does not always guarantee an increase in the size of irrigated land because the water resources, the operation, and management are defining factors. (3) It is not economical to only rely on spate flow for irrigation as even with 200 ponds, a maximum of 1,250 ha could be irrigated.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity and species delimitation in the cultivated and wild Guinea yams (Dioscorea spp.) from Southwest Ethiopia as determined by AFLP (amplified fragment length polymorphism) markers     

Wendawek Abebe Mengesha  Sebsebe Demissew  M. F. Fay  R. J. Smith  I. Nordal  P. Wilkin 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2013,60(4):1365-1375

Yams (Dioscorea spp.) rank as the fourth most important root and tuber crop after potatoes, cassava and sweet potatoes. They are an economic crop in most of the tropics especially in West Africa, which produces over 95 % of the world output. Despite their cultural and economic importance there is taxonomic confusion regarding Guinea yams. The currently used classification scheme, which relies on vegetative and inflorescence characters, does not consistently delimit species boundaries between members of Guinea yams (D. cayenensis Lam.–D. rotundata Poir. complex), their wild relatives (D. abyssinica Kunth and D. praehensilis Benth.,) and D. sagittifolia Pax. Establishing the taxonomic identity of the germplasm and understanding the systematic relationships among crops is vital to the management of genetic resources and the utilization of accessions. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genetic fingerprinting was used to evaluate and characterize 43 individual plants, belonging to different populations of wild and cultivated Guinea yams. The three primer combinations used in the AFLP analyses generated 158 scorable bands, with an overall polymorphism of 78 %. Ordination and cluster analyses of AFLP data failed to produce any clear species boundary between either the Guinea yam accessions or between them and their wild relatives. The average genetic similarity between the study individuals of Guinea yams and their wild relatives ranged from 60 to 100 %. The first, second and third principal coordinates axes cumulatively account for 77.45 % of the total variation. AFLP analyses also revealed a higher genetic divergence among cultivated Guinea yam accessions of the Sheko cultivars. Ordination and cluster analysis using UPGMA revealed no clear species boundaries between members of the complex. Thus, the taxonomy of these “species” needs to be revisited using other markers.  相似文献   

Fusarium head blight progression and yield response of bread wheat as affected by fungicides and spray regimes under field condition in southern Ethiopia     

Mengesha  Getachew Gudero  Abebe  Shiferaw Mekonnen  Fedilu  Kedir Bamud  Tadesse  Yosef Berihun  Mekonnen  Asaminew Amare  Esho  Abate G./Mikael  Lera  Zerhun Tomas  Shertore  Misgana Mitku  Cheleko  Dizgo Chencha  W/Silassie  Agdew Bekele 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2022,25(5):565-582

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the destructive diseases in wheat-producing areas of the world. Field experiments were conducted during the 2019...  相似文献   

Efficacy of RM110, a novel trypanocide,in the treatment ofTrypanosoma evansi infections in camels     

D. Zelleke  B. Kassa  S. Abebe 《Tropical animal health and production》1989,21(4):223-226

Camels artificially infected with a field stock of Trypanosoma evansi isolated from a camel near Gewane, Ethiopia were cured by treatment with RM110, administered by subcutaneous injection at 0.3 or 0.6 mg/kg body weight. Local reactions were mild and transient. Further evaluation of RM110 is indicated, in particular the determination of minimum curative doses for this and other T. evansi stocks in camels.  相似文献   

Note on the effects of protein concentration on responses to dietary lysine by chicks   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

S Abebe  T R Morris 《British poultry science》1990,31(2):255-260

1. This paper gives further analyses of data from previously reported trials in which chicks were fed diets with protein concentrations ranging from 140 to 280 g/kg diet, with the lysine content varied at each protein concentration. 2. Alternative methods of estimating the lysine requirement, at each concentration of protein, are investigated. 3. Although these methods produce rather different estimates of requirement, they do not change the conclusion that the lysine needed for maximum growth or maximum efficiency of food utilisation is a linear function of dietary protein concentration throughout the range from 140 to 280 g crude protein/kg. 4. It is concluded that lysine requirements for growing chicks should be specified as a proportion of the protein and not as a proportion of the diet.  相似文献   

Geomorphological evolution and present-day processes in the Dessie Graben (Wollo,Ethiopia)     

G. Fubelli  Bekele Abebe  F. Dramis  S. Vinci 《CATENA》2008

This paper presents a detailed geomorphological overview of the landforms and processes characterizing the Dessie basin, a small graben located on the western Afar Margin (Ethiopia), which is a physiographic province characterized by small, closed basins and mountain ranges produced by regional extension. Large-scale geomorphological survey and mapping of the basin allowed to point out the noteworthy morphodynamic role of the present-day slope processes, including numerous landslides of different typology and size. These processes heavily interact with the built-up area of Dessie town, one of the most important cities of Ethiopia with ca. 200,000 inhabitants, which occupies a large part of the basin floor. The potential incidence of landslides of different typology in the basin and their possible impact on the urban settlement are put in relation with the distribution of the different landform units which make up the basin surface.  相似文献   

埃塞俄比亚中部Angacha地区树篱鸟类多样性、对树篱类型的偏好及其保护(英文)     

Abebe KOKISO 《中国鸟类》2012,3(2):137-142

本文旨在研究埃塞俄比亚中部Angacha地区树篱中的鸟类多样性。采用样线法及样点法调查了五个子地点的鸟类多样性、丰富度、相似度及对生境的偏好等指标。树篱中鸟类多样性及其对树篱类型的偏好因其植被组成及结构的不同而有所差异。在树篱生境中记录到5个特有鸟种,即卢氏歌 (Cossyfa semirufa)、白颊蕉鹃(Tauraco leucotis)、横斑拟鴷(Lybius undatus)、黑头林鹂(Oriolus monacha)及肉垂鹮(Bostrychia carucullatta)。树篱的稠密度、高度及宽度影响到鸟类的多样性、丰富度及相似度。较密的树篱常常拥有较高的鸟类物种多样性、丰富度和相似性。组成树篱的植物多样性及其鸟类多样性之间呈高度相关,并与生境质量直接相关。树篱中鸟类多样性较高,并且一些鸟类对某些类型的树篱有明显的偏好,这就对当地树篱优先保护与管理提出了要求。  相似文献   

Financial loss estimation,prevalence and characterization of hydatidosis of cattle slaughtered at Debre Markos Municipality abattoir,Ethiopia     

Kebede  Nigatu  Abuhay  Abebe  Tilahun  Getachew  Wossene  Abebe 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(8):1787-1789

Tropical Animal Health and Production -  相似文献   

Partial or total replacement of fish meal in the diets of Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus     

Romi Novriadi  Guillaume Salze  Ash Abebe  Terry Hanson  D. Allen Davis 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(5):1527-1538

Two trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercial enzyme‐treated soy (ESBM) to replace the use of fish meal (FM) in practical diets for Florida pompano Trachinotus carolinus. The reference diet which has been run in numerous trials for Florida pompano was formulated using 150, 466 and 80 g/kg of FM, soybean meal and corn protein concentrate respectively. In trial 1, test diets were produced by replacing FM with 30.8, 61.4 and 92.1 g/kg of ESBM. In trial 2, test diets were produced by replacing FM with 28.9, 89.8, 120.1 g/kg of ESBM. Triplicate group of fish in trial 1 (mean weight = 13.05 ± 0.34 g) and trial 2 (mean weight = 18.45 ± 0.49 g) was fed these diets to apparent satiety for 8 weeks. Growth performance was affected as the dietary FM was replaced with ESBM. In trial 1, final weight (FW), percentage weight gain and thermal growth coefficient were lower in 6 g/kg of FM compared to 15 g/kg, while feed conversion ratio significantly higher in fish fed the lowest inclusion level of FM (6 g/kg). In trial 2, FW was significantly lower when FM completely replaced by ESBM and no significant differences in other growth parameters. In all trials, no significant differences were observed in terms of crude protein, moisture, fat, crude fibre, dry matter and ash content of the fish. No significant differences in serum levels of total protein, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, glucose and bile acids were observed in either trial. However, in trial 1, serum cholesterol level was higher in fish fed 150 g/kg FM compared to other dietary treatments. The histomorphological structure of liver and distal intestine was slightly affected by lower inclusion level of FM. Overall, there was a decreasing trend in pompano growth performance as the inclusion of FM decreased. All parameters indicated that ESBM could be used to reduce the inclusion of FM from 150 to 90 g/kg.  相似文献