Genetic analysis of Anisakis typica (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from cetaceans of the northeast coast of Brazil: new data on its definitive hosts     

Iñiguez AM  Carvalho VL  Motta MR  Pinheiro DC  Vicente AC 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(3-4):293-299

Prevalence and seasonal variations of helminth infections and their association with morbidity parameters were studied in traditionally reared Cambodian cattle. Four villages in two provinces of West Cambodia were visited on monthly intervals over a period of 11 months, during which 2391 animals were faecal and blood sampled for parasitological and haematological examinations. The body condition score (BCS), faecal consistency (diarrhoea score, DS), colour of the ocular conjunctivae (FAMACHA(?)) and packed cell volume were determined for each individual animal. The overall proportion of samples that was positive for gastrointestinal nematodes was 52%, 44% and 37% in calves (from 1 to 6 months), young animals (6 to 24 months) and adults (over 24 months), respectively, while geometric mean faecal egg counts (FECs) for each of these age categories were 125, 66 and 15 eggs per gram, respectively. Six genera of strongyles were found in the faecal cultures, i.e. in descending order of occurrence, Cooperia, Oesophagostomum, Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Mecistocirrus and Bunostomum. The prevalences of Fasciola and Paramphistomum, estimated by coprological examination, varied between 5-20% and 45-95%, respectively. Logistic mixed models were used to investigate associations of morbidity markers with the presence of parasite infection. A low BCS was associated with gastrointestinal nematode and liver fluke infections, and soft faecal consistency with Paramphistomum infections. However, other factors such as nutritional deficiencies and intercurrent diseases are likely to enhance the effects of parasites and should therefore be considered when using these morbidity parameters as indicators of parasitism.  相似文献   

Degradation by Solar Radiation of Estrogenic Hormones Monitored by UV?CVisible Spectroscopy and Capillary Electrophoresis     

Ana Paula Fonseca  Diana L. D. Lima  Valdemar I. Esteves 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2011,215(1-4):441-447

This work aims to study the degradation of estrone, 17??-estradiol, 17??-ethinylestradiol, and estriol under direct solar radiation, with an average irradiance value of 5.2?kWh/m². Degradation at different temperatures (4??C, 20??C, and 30??C) was also tested in darkness. Individual solutions of the four estrogens were prepared and subjected to the conditions referred to above. The degradation for each compound was followed, after 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 63, 91, and 126?days measuring the absorbance at the wavelength of 281?nm. The degradation of the four mixed estrogens was determined using capillary electrophoresis (CE), with a diode array detector and cholic acid, sodium salt plus sodium borate as a background buffer. The results showed no significant degradation rates on samples subjected to different temperatures. However, the results from CE analysis showed that, under direct solar radiation, after 126?days, the degradation rate varied between 75% and 100%. Also, the UV?CVis showed significant changes in the shape of UV?CVis spectra under direct solar radiation.  相似文献   

PsoP1, a milk-clotting aspartic peptidase from the basidiomycete fungus Piptoporus soloniensis     

El-Baky HA  Linke D  Nimtz M  Berger RG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(18):10311-10316

The first enzyme of the basidiomycete Piptoporus soloniensis, a peptidase (PsoP1), was characterized after isolation from submerged cultures, purification by fractional precipitation, and preparative native-polyarylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). The native molecular mass of PsoP1 was 38 kDa with an isoelectric point of 3.9. Similar to chymosin from milk calves, PsoP1 showed a maximum milk-clotting activity (MCA) at 35-40 °C and was most stable at pH 6 and below 40 °C. The complete inhibition by pepstatin A identified this enzyme as an aspartic peptidase. Electrospray ionization-tandem MS showed an amino acid partial sequence that was more homologous to mammalian milk clotting peptidases than to the chymosin substitute from a fungal species, such as the Zygomycete Mucor miehei. According to sodium dodecyl sulfate-PAGE patterns, the peptidase cleaved κ-casein in a way similar to chymosin and hydrolyzed β-casein slowly, as it would be expected from an efficient chymosin substitute.  相似文献   

Drought as a modulator of plant–virus–vector interactions: Effects on symptom expression,plant immunity and vector behaviour     

Diego F. Vasquez  Anngie Hernandez  Diana Torres  Felipe Borrero-Echeverry  Paola Zuluaga  Diego F. Rincon 《Plant pathology》2022,71(6):1282-1292

Plant–virus interactions are affected by environmental conditions that determine plant vulnerability to pathogens and the population dynamics of insect vectors. We hypothesize that drought enhances horizontal transmission by dampening the basal immunity of plants, which triggers symptom expression and vector manipulation. The potato yellow vein virus (PYVV) causes potato yellow vein disease (PYVD), a re-emerging epidemic of potato crops in South America, and is transmitted horizontally by the greenhouse whitefly (GWF), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), or vertically through infected seed tubers. We investigated the role of drought and temperature as modulators of PYVD symptom expression, plant immune response, and vector survival, development and host preference. We found that drought induced symptom expression, suppressed the salicylic acid pathway and increased PYVV replication. GWF survival was reduced on PYVV-infected hosts and development was slowest when they fed on plants with PYVD symptoms, which also triggered adults’ attraction to PYVV-infected plants. However, adults previously fed on infected plants showed the opposite effect, being more attracted to PYVV-free plants. We propose a theoretical model that explains the role of drought in modulating potato–PYVV–GWF interactions and provides new insights into plant–virus–vector coevolution.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND PATHOLOGIC FEATURES OF INTESTINAL SMOOTH MUSCLE HYPERTROPHY IN FOUR CATS     

Alessia  Diana  DVM  PHD  Marco  Pietra  DVM  Carlo  Guglielmini  DVM  Andrea  Boari  DVM  Giuliano  Bettini  DVM  Mario  Cipone  DVM 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(5):566-569

The ultrasonographic findings for four cats with intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy are described. In two cats, intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy was associated with chronic enteritis. In the remaining two cats, intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy affected the intestinal tract proximal to stenosis due to alimentary lymphoma and an intestinal foreign body, respectively. Moderate increased thickness of the affected intestinal wall, measuring 7-8 mm, was evident on abdominal ultrasonographic examination of all subjects. In addition, the ultrasonographic five-layered feature of the intestinal wall was maintained, and only the muscular layer appeared thickened. Abdominal ultrasound allowed a presumptive diagnosis of intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy that was confirmed histologically in all cats.  相似文献   

Efficacy of proactive long‐term maintenance therapy of canine atopic dermatitis with 0.0584% hydrocortisone aceponate spray: a double‐blind placebo controlled pilot study          下载免费PDF全文

Berta São Braz  Diana Nóbrega  Telmo Nunes  José H. Duarte‐Correia  Daniela Matias  Emi Maruhashi  Christophe A. Rème  Tim Nuttall 《Veterinary dermatology》2016,27(2):88-e25

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Utility of Tissue Doppler Imaging in the Echocardiographic Evaluation of Left and Right Ventricular Function in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease with or without Pulmonary Hypertension          下载免费PDF全文

M. Baron Toaldo  H. Poser  G. Menciotti  S. Battaia  B. Contiero  M. Cipone  A. Diana  E. Mazzotta  C. Guglielmini 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(3):697-705

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How landscape,pollen intake and pollen quality affect colony growth in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bombus terrestris</Emphasis>     

Wiebke Kämper  Patrizia K. Werner  Andrea Hilpert  Catrin Westphal  Nico Blüthgen  Thomas Eltz  Sara Diana Leonhardt 《Landscape Ecology》2016,31(10):2245-2258

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Reactive mesothelial hyperplasia associated with chronic peritonitis in a 20-year-old Quarter horse     

Laura L. Hoon-Hanks  Emily D. Rout  Linda M. Vap  Tawfik A. Aboellail  Diana M. Hassel  Yvette S. Nout-Lomas 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2016,57(5):492-496

A 20-year-old gelding was diagnosed with peritonitis and severe reactive mesothelial hyperplasia. Exploratory laparotomy findings were suggestive of a neoplastic etiology; however, additional diagnostics ruled this out and the horse made a full recovery. This report demonstrates the difficulty and value of differentiating between reactive and neoplastic mesothelial processes.  相似文献   

Gastrointestinal ultrasonography in normal adult ponies     

Kira Epstein  Diana Short  Eric Parente  Virginia Reef  Louise Southwood 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2008,49(3):282-286

The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics based on ultrasonographic examination of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, cecum, and peritoneal fluid in normal adult ponies. Abdominal ultrasonographic examination was performed in nine unsedated standing ponies. The duodenum was examined at three sites and the jejunum in 12 regions. Wall thickness, contractility, distention, and luminal contents were recorded. Stomach wall thickness and location, cecal wall thickness, and peritoneal fluid location and character were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed. Wall thicknesses (in cm) were 0.431 +/- 0.069 for the stomach, 0.188 +/- 0.033 for the duodenum (at all sites), 0.195 +/- 0.031 for the jejunum (at all regions), and 0.179 +/- 0.031 for the cecum. Duodenal contractions per minute were 3.78 +/- 1.10. The stomach spanned 5.14 +/- 0.9 intercostal spaces, with the 8th intercostal space being the most cranial and the 15th intercostal space being the most caudal space through which the stomach was identified. It was possible to identify the jejunum in all ponies dorsal to the left dorsal colon and from the ventral abdominal wall. Peritoneal fluid was identified in six ponies. Peritoneal fluid was usually seen transiently and most commonly in the ventral aspect of the abdominal cavity or around the duodenum. Overall, the ponie's abdominal ultrasonographic examinations revealed wall thicknesses that were less than the published normal ranges for horses. It appears that ponies may have increased duodenal contractility than horses and that the conformation of ponies may change the locations for imaging the stomach.  相似文献