Effect of soil organic matter, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio on tensile strength of aggregates   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Hasan Rahimi  Ebrahim Pazira  Fuad Tajik   《Soil & Tillage Research》2000,54(3-4):145-153

The properties of soils affected by salinity and processes involving degradation of soil structure have been partly recognized. However, the effects of saline and sodic conditions on mechanical and physical properties of soils have been studied to a lesser extent. In this research, the effects of electrical conductivity (EC) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) on soils possessing various amounts of organic matter were assessed under laboratory conditions. The soils contained a uniform clay type, predominantly Illite. The major difference of the soils was their amount of organic matter content. The treatments consisted of solutions with definite EC and SAR (two levels of EC: 0.5 and 4 dS/m and three levels of SAR: 0, 5 and 15). The amount of tensile strength was dependent on organic matter, EC, and SAR in a way that with the increase of SAR, the tensile strength decreased. In similar SAR, treatments with higher EC exhibited greater tensile strength. Also, the soils with higher organic matter showed greater tensile strength. The analysis of variance showed the significant difference (at 1%) between the mean of parameters analyzed (soil type, sampling depth, EC, and SAR). The order of averages of tensile strength were: permanent pasture (Agropyron elengatum)Festuca arusdinaceae)相似文献   

Electro-spun polyethylene terephthalate (PET) mat as a keratoprosthesis skirt and its cellular study     

Esmaeil Biazar  Mehrnaz Ahmadian  Saeed Heidari K  Akbar Gazmeh  Seyed-Farzad Mohammadi  Alireza Lashay  Mohsen Heidari  Hamed Eslami  Mohammadali Sahebalzamani  Hassan Hashemi 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(8):1545-1553

Artificial keratoprostheses are indispensable for visual rehabilitation in patients with end-stage corneal blindness. This study aimed to assess the biocompatibility of polyethylene terephthalate nanofibrous mats and its potential as a novel synthetic keratoprosthesis skirt material for corneal tissue engineering. Nanofibrous mats were prepared by an electrospinning method and were first treated with the CO₂ plasma to yield carboxylic groups on the surface; finally, the modified PET mat was cross linked with collagen using water-soluble carbodiimide as a coupling agent. The samples were evaluated by ATR-FTIR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), contact angle, and cell culture. The cross-linking of collagen on PET surface was confirmed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and SEM images The 79° difference was obtained in the contact angle analysis, obtained for the collagen-cross-linked nanofibrous mat than the non-modified nanofibrous mat. Cellular investigation showed limbal epithelial progenitor cells (LEPCs) has been better adhesion, cell growth, and proliferation of collagen-crosslinked nanofibrous samples than other samples. The bioavailability of PET fibers with covalently attached collagen was found to be identical to that of PET fibers with covalent attachment is a suitable method for enhancing the biocompatibility of scaffolds special as a good skirt in keratoprosthesis designs.  相似文献   

Combining the phosphate solubilizing microorganisms with biochar types in order to improve safflower yield and soil enzyme activity     

Ebrahim Heidari  Babak Pasari  Asad Rokhzadi  Yousef Sohrabi 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2020,66(2):255-267

ABSTRACT

Soil amendment with biochar could increase soil microbial activity and biomass. This study contributes to an understanding of the synergistic effects of biochar and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms on safflower yield and soil microbial activity enhancement. In the split plot experiments that repeated in two years, the main factor was biochar types included cow manure, wheat straw, wood biochar and control. The sub factors were phosphate solubilizing microorganisms included the mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus etunicatum and G. mosseae), Bacillus lentus, Pseudomonas fluorescence and control. The highest levels of dehydrogenase, urease activity and microbial biomass carbon were obtained from the cow manure biochar. The maximum activity of acid phosphatase was in the plots inoculated by P. fluorescence in all treatments, whether using or not using biochar. The grain yield of plants inoculated with B. lentus and P. fluorescence was in the same statistical group. The highest grain yield equal to 1527 kg/ha was obtained when using cow manure biochar. According to the results, the application of cow manure biochar and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms, especially mycorrhiza species, can be recommended for improving soil biological traits and safflower yield traits.  相似文献   

Dietary organic acid salts mitigate plant protein induced inflammatory response and improve humoral immunity,antioxidative status and digestive enzyme activities in yellowfin seabream,Acanthopagrus latus     

Ebrahim Sotoudeh  Mohammad Sangari  Dara Bagheri  Salim Morammazi  Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(5):1669-1680

An eight‐week research was conducted to investigate the effects of single or combined administration of sodium propionate (Na‐P) and sodium acetate (Na‐A) on the performance of yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) juveniles (6.5 ± 0.3 g). A plant protein (PP)‐rich diet was supplemented with sole or blends of organic acid salts (OAS) namely Na‐P and Na‐A to design six experimental feeds including control (without OAS), Na‐P5 (5 g/kg Na‐P), Na‐P10 (10 g/kg Na‐P), Na‐A5 (5 g/kg Na‐A), Na‐A10 (10 g/kg Na‐A) and Na‐P + A (5 g/kg Na‐P + 5 g/kg Na‐A). Except for Na‐A5 group, the other OAS‐supplemented treatments had higher growth and feed efficiency ratio than the control (p < .05). The inclusion of OAS in the experimental feeds pronouncedly enhanced plasma lysozyme and alternative complement pathway activities compared to the control. Furthermore, fish fed on the OAS‐supplemented diets had greater catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver than the control (p < .05). Total antioxidant capacity in the liver of fish fed on the OAS‐supplemented diet also was higher than the control. Fish fed on the OAS‐supplemented diets had higher pepsin, trypsin and lipase activities than the control. The insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) gene expression was remarkably down‐regulated in the liver of fish fed on the OAS‐supplemented diets compared to the control especially in groups fed on the Na‐P10 and Na‐A10 diets. The greatest IGF‐1 gene down‐regulation level in the gut was in fish fed on the Na‐P5 and Na‐P10 diets. The interleukine‐1β in the gut was remarkably up‐regulated in the control compared to the other groups (p < .05). The lactic acid bacterial colonies count in the gut of the control was lower than the OAS‐supplemented groups. Based on the findings of the present study, supplementing PP‐rich diets with 10 g/kg Na‐P or blends of Na‐P (5 g/kg) and Na‐A (5 g/kg) beneficially alleviated inflammatory responses and improved immune parameters and digestive capacity in yellowfin seabream juveniles.  相似文献   

Elucidation of putative binding partners for the protein encoded by ORF149 of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 in goldfish (Carassius auratus)     

Simon Menanteau–Ledouble  Michael Gotesman  Ebrahim Razzazi-Fazeli  Sven M. Bergmann  Mansour El-Matbouli 《Journal of fish diseases》2020,43(6):707-710

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Evaluation of PRE and POST Herbicides on Growth Features,Nodulation, and Nitrogen Fixation of Three Cultivars of Chickpea (Cicer aritinium L.)     

Zargar  Meisam  Lakzian  Amir  Rasooli  Rahil  Izadi-Darbandi  Ebrahim 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2020,23(2):157-162

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - It is exceptionally difficult to have productive farming without the use of herbicides. It has been found that they create difficulties in the growth and...  相似文献   

Investigation the Efficiency of Soil Stabilizers against Soil Loss and their Effects on Chemical Properties of Soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mandana Shahnavaz  Mehdi Nourzadeh Haddad  Ebrahim Panahpour 《Arid Land Research and Management》2019,33(2):119-135

Soil erosion and dust storms are the main causes of air pollution in regions where there are dust emitting centers and in their adjacent locations. In recent years, various methods have been considered for stabilizing soil surface against wind erosion. In this study, the effects of two stabilizers (anionic polyacrylamide polymer and vegetable-based mulch) for reducing soil loss at four levels of concentration (0, 15%, 30%, and 60%) on three kinds of soils in western Khuzestan, Iran have been studied. The study was conducted in natural and laboratory-based conditions in four, time intervals (0, 3, 6, and 12 months). Moreover, the study covered the persistence and influence of stabilizers on soil chemical properties. The results showed that wind erosion in no treatment was between of 16.36?kg/m²/hand 26.73?kg/m²/^?h. The statistical results showed that there was a significant difference between the no treatment and soils treated with stabilizers. The polymer reduced soil loss by more than 90%. Mulch efficiency reduced in natural conditions after 6?months; however, there were no changes in laboratory conditions. There was no significant difference between polymer efficiency in the laboratory and natural conditions and the polymer was resistant in natural and laboratory conditions. Polymer increased EC, pH, and SAR in the soil after 1 year. Mulch decreased pH and SAR but did not change EC.  相似文献   

Pepsi and Coca Cola in Delhi, India: availability, price and sales     

Taylor FC  Satija A  Khurana S  Singh G  Ebrahim S 《Public health nutrition》2011,14(4):653-660

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Evaluation of factors affecting vaccine efficacy of recombinant Marek's disease virus lacking the Meq oncogene in chickens     

Lee LF  Zhang H  Heidari M  Lupiani B  Reddy SM 《Avian diseases》2011,55(2):172-179

We previously reported that deletion of the Meq gene from the oncogenic rMd5 virus rendered it apathogenic for chickens. Here we examined multiple factors affecting Marek's disease vaccine efficacy of this nonpathogenic recombinant Meq null rMd5 virus (rMd5deltaMeq). These factors included host genetics (MHC haplotype), strain or dose of challenge virus, vaccine challenge intervals, and maternal antibody status of the vaccinated chicks. Studies on host genetics were carried out in five chicken lines comprising four different MHC B-haplotypes. Results showed that chicken lines tested were highly protected, with protective indexes of 100% (B*2/*15), 94% (B*2/*2), 87% (B*19/*19), and 83% (B*21/*21). At a challenge dose above 8000 plaque-forming units, differences in protection were observed between the two highly virulent strains examined (648A and 686). The interval between vaccination and challenge indicated a protective efficacy from 0 to 2 days varied greatly (12%-82%) after challenge with vv+686, the most virulent virus. Less variation and significant protection began at 3 days post vaccination and reached a maximum at 5 days post vaccination with about 80%-100% protection. Taken together, our results indicate that the factors examined in this study are important for vaccine efficacy and need to be considered in comparative evaluations of vaccines.  相似文献   

Dry chemical processing and ensiling of rice straw to improve its quality for use as ruminant feed     

Ebrahim Ghasemi  Mohammad Khorvash  Gholam Reza Ghorbani  Mohammad Reza Emami  Keikhosro Karimi 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(5):1215-1221

In this study, changes in the chemical composition, pH, cell wall and degradability of ensiled rice straw were investigated when treated with alkali, acid, oxidant agents (1–11 %, w/w) and a combination of an oxidant with either an alkali (ALHP) or an acid (ACHP). The findings of the study revealed that ALHP had a lower efficiency in enhancing fibre degradability compared to alkali alone. Oxidant treatment showed no detectable changes in pH, dry matter (DM) and phenolic compound (PC) solubility, or in silica and fibre content, but led to increased esterified groups formed within the cell wall constituents (hemicellulose and lignin). Increasing acid concentration led to an exponential change in both pH and solubility of DM and hemicelluloses while it quadratically increased PC and silica solubility. Moreover, crystallinity, hydrogen bonding and esterification were enhanced under high acid concentrations (11 %), but decreased under mild acid conditions (5 %). Increased alkalinity led to the linear enhancement of DM and PC solubility. Solubility of silica and hemicellulose did not exhibit any significant changes with alkali concentration above 7 %. A gradual enhancement (29 %) was observed in ruminal DM degradability with increasing oxidant concentration, whereas exponential (91 %) and quadratic (23 %) enhancements were observed with alkaline and acid treatments, respectively. Treatment with acid showed observable reductions in the degradability of both cellulose and hemicellulose, whereas oxidant treatment reduced only that of hemicellulose. Treatment with 7 % alkali (pH?～?12) followed by ensiling appeared to be a promising process for improving rice straw quality.  相似文献