Eduard Kirwald 《Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt》1941,63(8):179-185

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Application of the Enfer chemiluminescent multiplex ELISA system for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection in goats     

Shuralev E  Quinn P  Doyle M  Duignan A  Kwok HF  Bezos J  Olwill SA  Gormley E  Aranaz A  Good M  Davis WC  Clarke J  Whelan C 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,154(3-4):292-297

A study was conducted to optimise a multiplex serological immunoassay for use in identification of goats infected with Mycobacterium bovis. To assess assay specificity, 31 goats with a history of being free from M. bovis infection were used. To determine assay sensitivity, 180 Single Intradermal Comparative Tuberculin test (SICTT) positive goats were recruited. Additionally, 286 SICTT negative goats classed as potentially exposed animals present in the same positive herds were also included in the study. The results of the assay demonstrated a specificity of 100%. The multiplex assay detected 57/60 SICTT (95.0%) positive animals in one M. bovis infected herd and 120/120 (100%) in a second herd. In a separate experiment, 28 M. caprae culture confirmed infected goats from Spain were assayed, of which 24 (85.7%) were found positive in the test. The results show that inclusion of an antibody based assay can improve the ability to identify M. bovis and M. caprae infected goats. With further development and validation the multiplex assay may prove to be a useful tool for control of M. bovis and M. caprae infection in goats.  相似文献   

Die Reinerträge der Staatswaldungen in Elsaß-Lothringen,Baden und Württemberg     

Karl Eduard Ney 《European Journal of Forest Research》1913,35(1):10-20

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Gastric Acid Secretion in Basenji Dogs With Immunoproliferative Enteropathy     

Edward B. Breitschwerdt DVM    N. James MacLachlan BVSc  PhD    Robert A. Argenzio PhD    Sue Ann Hurlbert BS    Cynthia Babineau  Eduard V. de  Buysscher DVM  PhD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1991,5(1):34-39

Gastric acid secretion was studied in 13 Basenji dogs with immunoproliferative enteropathy. Considerable variation in the severity of gastritis and enteritis existed among dogs. Basenji dogs were categorized into two groups on the basis of postmortem gastric and intestinal histology (group I, gastritis and enteritis; group II, only enteritis). Pentagastrin-induced gastric acid secretory capacity was increased (P less than 0.002) in group II dogs as compared to healthy Beagle controls. Gastric acid secretory capacity of Basenji dogs with gastritis and enteritis (group I) was not different from that observed in control dogs. Basal serum gastrin concentrations and secretin-stimulated serum gastrin concentrations of either group of Basenji dogs did not differ from controls. On the basis of symptomatology, Basenji dogs with diarrhea had significantly increased basal and postsecretin stimulation gastrin concentrations (P = 0.01) when compared with asymptomatic Basenji or healthy control dogs. These findings support a potential role for altered gastric acid secretory capacity in the pathogenesis of immunoproliferative enteropathy of Basenji dogs. Results of the secretin stimulation studies support previous pathologic studies that failed to detect gastrin-secreting tumors. Incorporated into this investigation was a trial to determine whether the combination of oxymorphone and acepromazine could be used for acid secretory studies. Compared to pentobarbital, which has been frequently used for acid secretory studies in a research setting, the drug combination resulted in increased gastric fluid volumes, a comparative increase in acid secretion, and a rapid uneventful recovery. We conclude that the combination of oxymorphone and acepromazine provides an acceptable means of restraint in dogs undergoing acid secretory studies.  相似文献   

Einfluss der Temperatur auf den Befall von Kartoffelknollen durch Pilze der GattungFusarium Lk.     

Eduard Langerfeld 《Potato Research》1973,16(3):224-233

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Comparison of chemical and microbiological methods for the characterization of the maturity of composts from contrasting sources   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jürgen C. Forster  Wolfgang Zech  Eduard Würdinger 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1993,16(2):93-99

Six composts from different sources (wheat and barley straw; coniferous bark; mixed hop rape and bark; two from household garbage; mixed paper dust and sewage sludge) were characterized by chemical methods, including various forms of N and organic matter fractionation, and by microbiological methods. The dehydrogenase activity, respiration rate, and arginine ammonification were investigated, which represent different aspects of C and N metabolism. Only a few significant correlations were found between different maturity indexes. Dehydrogenase activity was in agreement with the widely accepted humic acid C to fulvic acid C ratio and might therefore be acceptable as a maturity index. Arginine ammonification provided valuable information on the N status in composts; negative values indicated that considerable amounts of easily degradable organic compounds with wide C:N ratios were still present, which would lead to microbial immobilization of soil N after the application of these composts. A combination of dehydrogenase activity and arginine ammonification data led to an unambiguous classification of all composts, and is therefore recommended for further consideration; in contrast, chemical data were contradictory and markedly dependent on the original substrates. The respiration rate, which was closely correlated with the percentage of organic C, did not contribute to the assessment of compost maturity.  相似文献   

干旱气候条件下石膏板小区法海滩幼龄白蜡林水分消耗量评价          下载免费PDF全文

EduardKlaghofer ElmarStenitzer 《中国水土保持科学》2004,2(3):13-16

 在奥地利东部深厚的黄土区,利用石膏板小区法,通过测量土壤水分平衡,对生长在海滩的幼龄白蜡水青冈树混交林的蒸散量进行了估算,发现在200 0年4月到2004年3月观察期间,幼龄白蜡林的年实际蒸散量达712mm/a,消耗了所有644mm年降雨量以及268mm的土壤储水量,并且没有明显深层渗漏。在根部土壤剖面平均土壤水吸力小于0.4MPa状况下,主要生长季节(6月到9月)的彭曼公式作物系数为1.4,同时发现,当根部土壤剖面平均土壤水吸力为1.7MPa时,该系数会线性递减至0.2。  相似文献   

Effects of excessive or restricted phosphorus and calcium intake during early life on markers of bone architecture and composition in pigs     

Christian Gerlinger  Michael Oster  Henry Reyer  Christian Polley  Brigitte Vollmar  Eduard Muráni  Klaus Wimmers  Petra Wolf 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(Z2):52-62

Sufficient supply of pigs with calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) is essential for animal health and welfare during the growth period. However, the P content in animal manure is considered as a cause of massive environmental problems in soil and aquatic ecosystems. To complement previous findings, the objective of this study is the investigation of effects of a reduced and increased Ca and P supplementation on bone mineralization and bone structure compared with the current dietary recommendation. Another aim is to find possible serum markers that would allow the assessment of adequacy of P supply for bone health during growth. The result validated that the recommended Ca and P supply is sufficient, without the addition of microbial phytases. However, addition of P has no further beneficial effects on bone stability, while P supplementation below the recommended level affects bone development and growth performance. Reduced P levels have consequences for cancellous bone density and trabecular architecture. Further fine-tuning of the P supply in conjunction with an appropriate Ca supply will contribute to a reduction in P waste and associated environmental impact while maintaining animal health and welfare.  相似文献   

Carbon pools and temporal dynamics along a rotation period in Quercus dominated high forest and coppice with standards stands     

Viktor J. Bruckman  Shuai Yan  Eduard HochbichlerGerhard Glatzel 《Forest Ecology and Management》2011,262(9):1853-1862

Carbon pools in two Quercus petraea (sessile oak) dominated chronosequences under different forest management (high forest and coppice with standards) were investigated. The objective was to study temporal carbon dynamics, in particular carbon sequestration in the soil and woody biomass production, in common forest management systems in eastern Austria along with stand development. The chronosequence approach was used to substitute time-for-space to enable coverage of a full rotation period in each system. Carbon content was determined in the following compartments: aboveground biomass, litter, soil to a depth of 50 cm, living root biomass and decomposing residues in the mineral soil horizons. Biomass carbon pools, except fine roots and residues, were estimated using species-specific allometric functions. Total carbon pools were on average 143 Mg ha⁻¹ in the high forest stand (HF) and 213 Mg ha⁻¹ in the coppice with standards stand (CS). The mean share of the total organic carbon pool (TOC) which is soil organic carbon (SOC) differs only marginally between HF (43.4%) and CS (42.1%), indicating the dominance of site factors, particularly climate, in controlling this ratio. While there was no significant change in O-layer and SOC stores over stand development, we found clear relationships between living biomass (aboveground and belowground) pools and C:N ratio in topsoil horizons with stand age. SOC pools seem to be very stable and an impact of silvicultural interventions was not detected with the applied method. Rapid decomposition and mineralization of litter, indicated by low O-horizon pools with wide C:N ratios of residual woody debris at the end of the vegetation period, suggests high rates of turnover in this fraction. CS, in contrast to HF benefits from rapid resprouting after coppicing and hence seems less vulnerable to conditions of low rainfall and drying topsoil.  相似文献   

Fourier transform raman spectroscopy study of heat-induced gelation of plasma proteins as influenced by pH     

Dàvila E  Parés D  Howell NK 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(20):7890-7897

Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy was used to elucidate heat-induced structural changes of albumin, globulins, serum, and plasma protein solutions (15% w/w) as affected by pH (4.5, 6.0, and 7.5). Reduction of alpha-helix and formation of beta-sheet, disulfide bond reactions, and exposure and buriedness of hydrophobic groups and amino acid residues were observed. All of these features contributed to the formation of strong, irreversible heat-induced gels. The application of a dimensionality reducing technique such as principal component analysis proved to be useful to determine the most influential qualities of protein samples, as well as the pH-dependent behavior of some of the attributes of both unheated and heated solutions. Analysis of Raman spectra in terms of differences demonstrated the interactions of albumin and globulins in co-occurrence and the significant role of fibrinogen on the gel's attributes.  相似文献