Natural Benzo/Acetophenones as Leads for New Synthetic Acetophenone Hybrids Containing a 1,2,3-Triazole Ring as Potential Antifouling Agents     

Ana Rita Neves  Daniela Pereira  Catarina Gonalves  Joana Cardoso  Eugnia Pinto  Vitor Vasconcelos  Madalena Pinto  Emília Sousa  Joana R. Almeida  Honorina Cidade  Marta Correia-da-Silva 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)

Marine biofouling is a natural process that represents major economic, environmental, and health concerns. Some booster biocides have been used in biofouling control, however, they were found to accumulate in environmental compartments, showing negative effects on marine organisms. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new eco-friendly alternatives. Phenyl ketones, such as benzophenones and acetophenones, have been described as modulators of several biological activities, including antifouling activity (AF). In this work, acetophenones were combined with other chemical substrates through a 1,2,3-triazole ring, a strategy commonly used in Medicinal Chemistry. In our approach, a library of 14 new acetophenone–triazole hybrids was obtained through the copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition “click” reaction. All of the synthesized compounds were evaluated against the settlement of a representative macrofouling species, Mytilus galloprovincialis, as well as on biofilm-forming marine microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. The growth of the microalgae Navicula sp. was also evaluated after exposure to the most promising compounds. While compounds 6a, 7a, and 9a caused significant inhibition of the settlement of mussel larvae, compounds 3b, 4b, and 7b were able to inhibit Roseobacter litoralis bacterial biofilm growth. Interestingly, acetophenone 7a displayed activity against both mussel larvae and the microalgae Navicula sp., suggesting a complementary action of this compound against macro- and microfouling species. The most potent compounds (6a, 7a, and 9a) also showed to be less toxic to the non-target species Artemia salina than the biocide Econea^®. Regarding both AF potency and ecotoxicity activity evaluation, acetophenones 7a and 9a were put forward in this work as promising eco-friendly AF agents.  相似文献   

Bycatch,discards and survival rates in the small‐scale cuttlefish trap fishery on sandy bottoms off the Algarve coast (southern Portugal)     

Paulo Vasconcelos  Fbio Pereira  Ana Moreno  Miguel B. Gaspar 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2019,26(4):334-344

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A meta‐analysis of fish behavioural reaction to underwater human presence     

Diogo S. M. Samia  Eduardo Bessa  Daniel T. Blumstein  Jos A. C. C. Nunes  Ernesto Azzurro  Lorenzo Morroni  Valerio Sbragaglia  Fraser A. Januchowski‐Hartley  Benjamin Geffroy 《Fish and Fisheries》2019,20(5):817-829

In an increasingly anthropic world, humans have profound impacts on the distribution and behaviour of marine fishes. The increased human presence has modified fishes’ antipredator behavioural responses, and consequently flight decisions, as a function of their changed perceptions of risk. Understanding how fish react to human presence can help identify the most vulnerable functional groups/species and estimate impacts caused by human disturbance. Shoal and body size are known to influence fish flight initiation distance (FID; the distance between the predator and prey when the prey begins to escape); however, few studies attempt to test the moderators of these relationships. Here, we present a comprehensive meta‐analysis evaluating FID of fish in response to human presence. Specifically, we investigated six candidate moderators that could influence the relationship between FID with shoal and body size. Our results showed that individual fish size was strongly and positively correlated with FID and the most important moderator that explained the variance in individual body size‐FID relationship was shoaling behaviour. However, and somehow surprisingly, we detected no significant relationship between shoal size and FID. We discuss how these results can inform the development of fish conservation strategies and ultimately assist in the management of marine protected areas.  相似文献   

Conventional and novel approaches for managing “flavescence dorée” in grapevine: knowledge gaps and future prospects     

M. J. R. A. Oliveira  M. Roriz  M. W. Vasconcelos  A. Bertaccini  S. M. P. Carvalho 《Plant pathology》2019,68(1):3-17

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Relationships Between the Microstructure,Physical Features,and Chemical Composition of Different Maize Accessions from Latin America     

Ernesto David Narvez‐Gonzlez  Juan de Dios Figueroa‐Crdenas  Suketoshi Taba  Eduardo Castao Tostado  Ramn lvar Martínez Peniche  Froyln Rincn Snchez 《Cereal Chemistry》2006,83(6):595-604

Chemical composition (moisture, total lipids, protein, and apparent amylose) and some physical features (1,000 kernel weight, hardness, and anatomical composition) were determined in 71 accessions representing races of maize from Latin America. Their microstructural characteristics (size and compaction of endosperm cell bodies, pericarp thickness, horny‐floury endosperm ratio, and morphology and size of starch granules) were also evaluated using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Compaction was the most important microstructural feature of the maize kernels, representing kernel hardness. Highly compact kernels tended to be hard, with high protein, pericarp, and hard‐endosperm content and high pericarp thickness, but with low moisture, amylose content, and kernel weight and size. The opposite was observed in the least compact kernels. Highly compact kernels tended to have small, polygonal starch granules (<10 μm), while the least compact kernels contained large, spherical granules (>10 μm). These results suggest that microstructure is responsible for the physical features of maize kernels and that microstructure is related to chemical composition.  相似文献   

The responses of soil,litter and root carbon stocks to the conversion of forest regrowth to crop and tree production systems used by smallholder farmers in eastern Amazonia          下载免费PDF全文

E. C. M. Lemos  S. S. Vasconcelos  W. R. Santiago  M. C. M. de Oliveira Junior  C. M. de A. Souza 《Soil Use and Management》2016,32(4):504-514

The impact of substituting forests for smallholder agricultural production systems on soil carbon (C) stocks is not well understood in Brazilian Amazonia. Most surveys of soil C stocks are restricted to the top 30 cm of soil and do not include measurements of litter and root stocks. Here, we quantify the stocks of C in soil (0–100 cm depth), aboveground litter and coarse roots of traditional (slash‐and‐burn) and alternative (Schizolobium amazonicum‐planted forest and silvopastoral system) smallholder agricultural systems, which were compared with a reference area (forest regrowth) in the eastern Amazonia. The soil C stocks in the 0–100 cm layer were larger in the forest regrowth treatment (156.8 ± 15.5 Mg/ha) than in the other treatments (S. amazonicum = 85.3 ± 6.5, silvopastoral = 108.0 ± 4.4 Mg/ha) but did not differ from the soil C stock in the slash‐and‐burn treatment (127.2 ± 6.1 Mg/ha). The soil C stocks at the 0–30 cm layer, which represented 33–50% of the total C of the 0–100 cm layer, did not differ among the treatments. The litter C stocks were ranked in the following order: silvopastoral > forest regrowth > S. amazonicum > slash‐and‐burn. The forest regrowth treatment had a greater coarse root C stock (0.84 ± 0.10 Mg/ha) than the other treatments (silvopastoral = 0.28 ± 0.03, S. amazonicum = 0.18 ± 0.03, slash‐and‐burn = 0.27 ± 0.04 Mg/ha). Soil, litter and root C stocks were negatively impacted by the conversion of forest regrowth to cultivation systems.  相似文献   

Polarization of PAR proteins by advective triggering of a pattern-forming system     

Goehring NW  Trong PK  Bois JS  Chowdhury D  Nicola EM  Hyman AA  Grill SW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,334(6059):1137-1141

In the Caenorhabditis elegans zygote, a conserved network of partitioning-defective (PAR) polarity proteins segregates into an anterior and a posterior domain, facilitated by flows of the cortical actomyosin meshwork. The physical mechanisms by which stable asymmetric PAR distributions arise from transient cortical flows remain unclear. We present evidence that PAR polarity arises from coupling of advective transport by the flowing cell cortex to a multistable PAR reaction-diffusion system. By inducing transient PAR segregation, advection serves as a mechanical trigger for the formation of a PAR pattern within an otherwise stably unpolarized system. We suggest that passive advective transport in an active and flowing material may be a general mechanism for mechanochemical pattern formation in developmental systems.  相似文献   

Rabies virus and Histoplasma suramericanum coinfection in a bat from southeastern Brazil     

Benedito Donizete Menozzi  Giselle Souza da Paz  Laís Moraes Paiz  Hans Garcia Garces  Brunna Mayla Vasconcelos Adorno  Fernando Almeida‐Silva  Rosely Maria Zancope Oliveira  Virgínia Bodelo Richini‐Pereira  Jssica Luana Chechi  Eduardo Bagagli  Sandra de Moraes Gimenes Bosco  Helio Langoni 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(2):138-147

Bats are essential to the global ecosystem, but their ability to harbour a range of pathogens has been widely discussed, as well as their role in the emergence and re‐emergence of infectious diseases. This paper describes the first report of coinfection by two zoonotic agents, rabies virus (RABV) and the fungus Histoplasma suramericanum in a bat. The bat was from the Molossus molossus species, and it was found during the daytime in the hallway of a public psychiatric hospital in a municipality in São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil. RABV infection was diagnosed by the direct fluorescent antibody test and mouse inoculation test. The fungus was isolated by in vitro culture. Both diagnoses were confirmed by molecular techniques. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the fungus isolate had proximity to H. suramericanum in the Lam B clade, while the RABV isolate was characterized in the Lasiurus cinereus lineage. Since the M. molossus bat was found in a peri‐urban transition area (urban/peri‐urban), the possibility of cross‐species transmission of this RABV lineage becomes more plausible, considering that this scenario may provide shelter for both M. molossus and L. cinereus. These are relevant findings since there has been an increase in bat populations in urban and peri‐urban areas, particularly due to environmental modifications and anthropogenic impacts on their habitat. Thus, the detection of two zoonotic agents in a bat found in a public hospital should raise awareness regarding the importance of systematic surveillance actions directed towards bats in urban areas.  相似文献   

Age and Duration of Weathering by 40K-40Ar and 40Ar/39Ar Analysis of Potassium-Manganese Oxides     

Vasconcelos PM  Becker TA  Renne PR  Brimhall GH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1992,258(5081):451-455

Supergene cryptomelane [K(1-2)(Mn(3+)Mn(4+))(8)O(16). chiH(2)O] samples from deeply weathered pegmatites in southeastern Brazil subjected to (40)K-(40)Ar and (40)Ar/(39)Ar analysis yielded (40)K-(40)Ar dates ranging from 10.1 +/- 0.5 to 5.6 +/- 0.2 Ma (million years ago). Laser-probe (40)Ar/(39)Ar step-heating of the two most disparate samples yielded plateau dates of 9.94 +/- 0.05 and 5.59 +/- 0.10 Ma, corresponding, within 2 sigma, to the (40)K-(40)Ar dates. The results imply that deep weathering profiles along the eastern Brazilian margin do not reflect present climatic conditions but are the result of a long-term process that was already advanced by the late Miocene. Weathering ages predate pulses of continental sedimentation along the eastern Brazilian margin and suggest that there was a time lag between weathering and erosion processes and sedimentation processes.  相似文献   

Assessment of qualitative and quantitative parameters of healthy thyroid gland in adult horses by magnetic resonance imaging     

Gustavo Fernandes Viana  Monica Midon  Mariana Werneck Fonseca  Alessandre Hataka  Luciana Carandina  Laís Melício Cintra Bueno  José Nicolau Próspero Puoli Filho  Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos Machado 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(5):839-848

In humans and pets, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides important adjunctive anatomic information about the thyroid and its adjacent structures. To the best of our knowledge, however, no studies have been reported regarding the use of MRI for thyroid evaluation in horses. The aim of this study was to obtain qualitative and quantitative parameters of healthy thyroid gland in adult horses by MRI. Eleven horses were submitted to thyroid MRI evaluation. The healthy thyroid of these animals was ensured by normal examinations performed before (free thyroxine and ultrasound) and after (cytology) to MRI. It was concluded that the dorsal spin-echo T1-weighted, fast spin-echo T2-weighted, sagittal STIR and a three-dimensional T1-weighted gradient echo were the sequences that best characterized the thyroid lobes. Qualitatively, there was a significant variation in the elliptical format of some lobes considering the sagittal plane, which oscillated between rounded and flattened conformation. Excellent reproducibility of the quantitative thyroid parameters obtained was verified. The thyroid gland total volume mean of observers was 14.31 cm³ (±0.69). In relation with comparisons between quantitative parameters of left and right lobes, only differences regarding their respective lengths were observed. Thus, we can infer that the difference in some thyroid lobes format can be explained by the significant variation identified between left and right lobes lengths.  相似文献