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21.
Esperanza Romero Francisco Snchez-Rasero Aranzazu Pea Clara de la Colina Gonzalo Dios 《Pest management science》1996,47(1):7-15
Adsorption, incubation and soil-column experiments with bentazone [3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] were carried out in ten different soils from the marches surrounding the Doñana National Park (Huelva, SW Spain). Adsorption isotherms for the different soils showed a good fit with the Freundlich equation. Bentazone was poorly adsorbed in all the soils studied, with no significant relationship between theKf values and soil characteristics. A significant correlation was obtained between the soil organic matter content and the distribution constant values (Kd) calculated at an equilibrium concentration of 200 μg cm−3. The low adsorption and non-degradation of bentazone on these soils suggest that the herbicide readily percolates through soils to reach the surface and ground waters. The mobility of bentazone through three soil columns was also studied. The mass balances carried out showed that bentazone was totally eluted from the soil columns. The theoretical model applied to explain bentazone leaching under our experimental conditions seems to be suitable for soil columns with a uniform water-flow rate. 相似文献
22.
María Socorro Serrano Paolo De Vita Pilar Fernández-Rebollo María Esperanza Sánchez Hernández 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2012,132(2):271-279
Based on the observation that the root disease caused by P. cinnamomi on Q. ilex has a low incidence and severity in soils with medium-high Ca2+ content, we studied the ability of Ca2+ fertilizers to induce soil suppressiveness to the pathogen. Studies on cultures of P. cinnamomi exposed to different Ca2+ fertilizers in vitro showed significant inhibition of sporangial, chlamydospore and zoospore production at millimolar concentrations
while mycelial growth was mainly unaffected. Experiments performed with artificially infested soil showed that some Ca2+ fertilizers induce a significant decrease on chlamydospore viability. Additionally, greenhouse experiments using artificially
infested soils showed a significant reduction of foliar and root symptom severities in Holm oak seedlings growing in soils
amended with Ca2+ fertilizers. We suggest that limestone amendments in oak rangelands could enhance the suppressiveness of soils to P. cinnamomi, and it is likely that the inhibition of sporangial production was the main mechanism involved. 相似文献
23.
The photostability of pirimicarb, (2-dimethylamino-5,6-dimethylpyrimidin-4-yl dimethylcarbamate) in aqueous media, under natural and artificial sunlight irradiation conditions, is reported. The pH of the irradiated solutions remained constant during degradation time. The photodegradation mechanism seemed to be similar under both conditions, but the half-life was found to be about three times longer under natural than under artificial conditions. Four main photo-products ( 1 , 2 , 3 and 4 ) were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods. It is proposed that a common photodegradation pathway exists for pirimicarb under both irradiation conditions. The results obtained from the photodegradation of pirimicarb and of its four main products isolated on solid phase permit the construction of a possible photodegradation pathway. Photoproduct 4 (2-methyl-formylamino-5,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxypyrimidine) is here described for the first time. 相似文献
24.
25.
Esperanza Paniagua Crespo Margarita Marti Mallen Ma P. Monica Penas Ares Ma Cristina Arias Fernandez Ma Pilar Combarro Combarro 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1990,53(1-2):103-111
Tests for free-living amoebae in water from 11 public fountains in Galicia were conducted at two seasons of the year, winter and summer. Only one fountain gave a negative result for the presence of amoebae in both samples. Twenty five strains were isolated, 14 belonging to the genus Acanthamoeba and 10 to the genus Naegleria. The Acanthamoeba strains were made up of the species A. polyphaga, A. quina, A. castellanii and A. paradivionensis. No relation was found between temperature, presence of free chlorine in the water and whether the water was drinkable and the presence or absence of amoebae, nor with the number of strains present in the water samples. The pathogenic capacity of the strains isolated from the genera Naegleria and Acanthamoeba was tested in vivo. It was found that of the 22 strains that would grow at 37 °C, 4 (3 strains of Acanthamoeba and 1 of Naegleria) caused the death of a statistically significant number of mice that had been inoculated intracerebrally, and the presence of amoebae was confirmed in the brains of all the animals inoculated. Intranasal inoculation caused less mice deaths than intracerebral inoculation, and less organs were found containing amoebae. 相似文献
26.
Terpenes and C(13) norisoprenoids are among the most important aromatic compounds found in a volatile and nonvolatile form in grapes. Aromatic typicity of a spirit could be attributed to these compounds despite the very important presence of volatile compounds produced during alcoholic fermentation. In this study, following a solid phase extraction stage, the determination of the varietal aromatic compounds by gas chromatography was performed on 15 samples of Galician orujo spirits. The results show that significant differences (p < 0.05) exist in the concentrations of varietal aromatic compounds in Galician spirits obtained from different varieties of grapes. alpha-Ionona is the varietal aromatic compound that is most likely to contribute to the aroma of all of the spirits studied. The spirits from Catalan Roxo are the most aromatic, with floral and fruity nuances, while the spirits from Godello were the less aromatic group as far as the varietal compounds studied are concerned. Spirits from Mencia and Treixadura show a similar profile, but the former has a more intensive aroma due to beta-pinene, citronellol, and alpha-ionone. Albari?o spirits stand out because of their profile that is marked by the contributions of eugenol and linalool. 相似文献
27.
Esperanza?BuitragoEmail author Cèsar?Lodeiros Karem?Lunar Daniela?Alvarado Federico?Indorf Khenia?Frontado Pulido?Moreno Zoila?Vasquez 《Aquaculture International》2005,13(4):359-367
We evaluated the mass production of competent larvae of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus cultured at three initial densities (0.25, 0.5, and 1 larvae per ml) and fed Chaetoceros muelleri. Survival, length, dry weight of larvae, and larval stage index (LSI) were estimated in each treatment as a function of the density. Density decreased during the experiment due to mortality, but the percentage was similar in all three treatments (68.5, 66.7, and 76.0%). The experiment was stopped at 13 days after fertilization, when most of the larvae were competent and had settled. There were no significant differences in survival (exceeded 65% in all treatments), length and larval stage index among treatments. However, larvae weight in the two low density treatments (1.1 ± 0.11 mg and 1.2 ± 0.05 mg, respectively) was greater than the high density treatment (0.59±0.376 mg). This study demonstrates that competent larvae of Lytechinus variegatus can be produced with less than 25% mortality in 13 days when cultures are started at densities of 0.25–1 larvae/ml. Culturing at higher densities (0.5–1 larvae/ml) had no apparent disadvantages and would reduce the cost of production. 相似文献
28.
Martín-Cabrejas MA Sanfiz B Vidal A Mollá E Esteban R López-Andréu FJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(2):261-266
The effect of fermentation on antinutritional factors and also on total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble (IDF) and soluble (SDF) dietary fiber fractions was studied in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The processes studied were two types of fermentation (lactic acid and natural), and a portion of the obtained flours were processed by autoclaving. The dietary fiber (DF) content and its components were determined using the enzymatic-gravimetric and enzymatic-chemical methods. The TDF content ranged from 24.5% dry matter (DM) in the raw to 25.2% DM in the processed beans. All the processing treatments significantly decreased the SDF content, and irrelevant changes were noticed in the IDF content of processed beans. Cellulose content of all samples was reduced by the processing treatments. Correspondingly, higher amounts of resistant starch was observed in the processed beans, except in the lactic acid fermented ones. However, the levels of pectic polysaccharides and Klason lignin were higher in the samples fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum. The action of microorganisms was determinant for the different degradation of the bean cell wall, disrupting the protein-carbohydrate integration, thus reducing the solubility of DF. 相似文献
29.
Vázquez-Prieto S Vilas R Mezo M González-Warleta M Ubeira FM Paniagua E 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,176(1):84-88
Protein electrophoresis was used to study allozyme variation in Fasciola hepatica collected from three locations in Galicia (NW Spain), an area where fascioliasis is endemic. Eleven of 16 loci showed variation in at least one population and 7 loci were polymorphic in all populations studied. Five of these markers showed expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.137 to 0.569. The Nei's unbiased genetic diversity within populations ranged from 0.146 to 0.168. Genotypic frequencies were consistent with panmixia in 25 of 28 cases. Only 2 loci showed a significant deficit of heterozygotes. Genetic distances between populations were small (D(a)=0.003-0.010). These results suggest high levels of genetic variability and low population structure. This study shows that several of the markers developed are useful for study the population genetic structure of the parasite, which is essential to investigate the evolution of drug resistance that has recently emerged in populations of the study area. 相似文献
30.
Ricardo de la Fuente Jesus Almazan Esperanza Gomez-Lucia Jean Freney Guillermo Suarez 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1986,9(4):347-353
A total of 176 Gram-positive, catalase positive cocci strains, isolated from sheep were studied by different routine tests for the differentiation of staphylococci and micrococci, comparing their validity and usefulness. By glucose fermentation and growth in the anaerobic portion of thioglycolate 85 and 73.6% respectively of coagulase negative staphylococci were misclassified as Micrococcus spp. Susceptibility to lysostaphin was an adequate test for the differentiation of the strains. Atypical results in the production of acid from glycerol/erythromycin were obtained in 11.8% of the coagulase negative strains and 16.7% of micrococci. The combined use of the selective media furazolidone agar and Schleifer and Krämer medium resulted in a fast and useful separation of ovine staphylococci and micrococci. The bacteriolytic activity misclassified 32.2% of the coagulase negative strains. 相似文献