Enhanced soil sorption of methidathion using sewage sludge and surfactants   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sánchez L  Romero E  Sánchez-Rasero F  Dios G  Peña A 《Pest management science》2003,59(8):857-864

Batch experiments were carried out to examine the partitioning of an organophosphorus insecticide, methidathion, in non-amended agricultural soil and soil amended with urban sewage sludge and/or different types of surfactant. Kinetic data showed that sewage sludge significantly reduced adsorption rate, whereas amendment of the soil with the cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TDTMA) at 10 x CMC (critical micellar concentration) increased the adsorption rate by a factor of 10. The adsorption isotherms were evaluated using the Freundlich model. The soil adsorption capacity for methidathion was enhanced by amendment with sewage sludge and even more significantly with TDTMA at 10 x CMC or combined with sewage sludge. TDTMA conferred a high hydrophobic character to the soil, enhancing the adsorption capacity of the rather hydrophobic methidathion. The amendment of soil both with sewage sludge and TDTMA combines the increased hydrophobicity with a higher surfactant retention by organic matter, due to an increase in cation exchange capacity, which promotes even more the adsorption capacity for the insecticide. An anionic surfactant, linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, and the non-ionic Tween 80 only induced a slight modification in the kinetics and adsorption of methidathion.  相似文献   

Effect of 17beta-estradiol and progesterone on the expression of FeLV in chronically infected cells     

Tejerizo G  Domenech A  Illera JC  Collado VM  Gomez-Lucia E 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,109(3-4):191-199

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Toxicity and repellence of aqueous and ethanolic extracts from Schinus molle on elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola     

Amanda Huerta  Italo Chiffelle  Karla Puga  Fernando Azúa  Jaime E. Araya 《Crop Protection》2010

Extracts of leaves of Schinus molle Rev L. (Anacardiaceae) obtained with water or ethanol as solvents were evaluated in the laboratory for their insecticidal effect on adults of the elm leaf beetle, Xanthogaleruca luteola Müller (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), at 2.5, 3.0, 4.3, and 5.6% w/v for the aqueous extracts and, 2.0, 2.5, 3.5, 4.3, and 4.7% w/v for the ethanol extracts. The extracts were applied onto leaves of elm trees (Ulmus sp., Ulmaceae) to observe the feeding of adults, and later their effectiveness and to obtain the LC₅₀. Both extracts were effective and caused mortalities greater than 97% with the ethanol extract at the two highest concentrations (4.3 and 4.7% w/v), and near 27% with water at 4.3 and 5.6% w/v. The LC₅₀ of the ethanol extract, calculated through Probit analysis, was 1.88% w/v on the 2nd day, lower than the LC₅₀ of 8.52% w/v on the 4^th day achieved by the aqueous extract. Additionally, the antifeeding effect of both extracts on adults was determined. The aqueous extract inhibited feeding completely (100%), whereas the ethanol extract did not cause any antifeeding effect.  相似文献   

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lupinus luteus</Emphasis>, a new host of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phytophthora cinnamomi</Emphasis> in Spanish oak-rangeland ecosystems     

María Socorro Serrano  Pilar Fernández-Rebollo  Paolo De Vita  María Dolores Carbonero  Antonio Trapero  María Esperanza Sánchez 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,128(2):149-152

Phytophthora cinnamomi is an aggressive pathogen on Lupinus luteus (yellow lupin), causing root rot, wilting and death of this crop, common in oak-rangeland ecosystems ('dehesas') in south-western Spain. The oomycete, the main cause of Quercus decline in the region, was isolated from roots of wilted lupins in the field. Artificial inoculations on four cultivars of L. luteus reproduced the symptoms of the disease, both in pre- and post-emergence stages, recovering the pathogen from necrotic roots. These results suggest the potential of yellow lupin as inoculum reservoir for the infection of Quercus roots. This is the first report of P. cinnamomi as root pathogen of L. luteus.  相似文献   

Characterization of Mexican wheat landraces using agronomically useful attributes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

I.H. DeLacy  B. Skovmand  J. Huerta 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2000,47(6):591-602

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Short‐term effect of the inoculation of probiotics in mature bioflocs: Water quality parameters and abundance of heterotrophic and ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria     

Anselmo Miranda‐Baeza  Mariela Nolasco‐Lpez  Martha Elisa Rivas‐Vega  Jos Alberto Huerta‐Rbago  Luis Rafael Martínez‐Crdova  Marcel Martínez‐Porchas 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(1):255-264

The aim of this study was to evaluate the short‐term effect of probiotic inoculation on the abundance of heterotrophic and ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria in mature biofloc, as well as on total suspended solids (TSS), chlorophyll‐a and nitrogenous compounds in water. A completely randomized design consisting of five treatments (three commercial probiotics, one native consortia and one control) was performed. At the beginning of the experiment (day 1), each treatment was inoculated with the respective probiotic: PondPlus^® (PP), Efinol^® PT (EF) and Epicin^® ponds (EP), native consortia UE, whereas the control was not inoculated. Water parameters and bacterial abundance were evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 days. The addition of probiotics, either native or commercial, did not show any significant effect on the TSS, Chl‐a and colony‐forming unit (CFU) of heterotrophic bacteria when they were added to the systems containing mature biofloc. A significant increase in ammonium oxidizing bacteria was registered with the probiotics PP and EP, although the levels of total ammonia nitrogen, NO₃‐N and NO₂‐N were statistically similar among all treatments. Modifications on most of the parameters measured were associated with the factor of time, rather than the inclusion of probiotics. Results suggest that the bacterial conglomerates in mature stage contain well‐established bacterial communities that are difficult to be affected by the addition of probiotics.  相似文献   

A review of nutritional properties and health benefits of Physalis species     

Shenstone  Esperanza  Lippman  Zach  Van Eck  Joyce 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(3):316-325

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - The Physalis genus of the Solanaceae family is home to many edible food crops including tomatillo, goldenberry, and groundcherry. These Physalis members have...  相似文献   

Does land irrigation actually reduce foraging habitat for breeding lesser kestrels? The role of crop types     

Esperanza Ursúa  David Serrano  José L. Tella 《Biological conservation》2005,122(4):643-648

The lesser kestrel is a Globally Threatened Species which large decline has been related to recent agricultural changes in European pseudo-steppes. Irrigation is considered as one of the major threats for this and other steppe birds, but the actual effects of irrigation on foraging habitat selection have been scarcely examined. We studied the selection of traditional dry cereal farming and irrigated habitats by foraging lesser kestrels during the breeding cycle, paying especial attention to possible differences among crop types. Field margins were the scarcest but the most positively selected habitat, and different stages of cereals cultivated following traditional practices were selected depending on the breeding and agriculture cycles. Effects of irrigation were dual. While irrigated maize and other crop types were avoided, alfalfa was used in proportion to its availability and later highly selected after harvesting. Moreover, field margins in irrigated land were selected in a similar way than in traditional dry farmland. Therefore, although maintaining low-intensity farming is still the main recommendation for this species, new management options arise when social pressure makes irrigation unavoidable. Further agri-environmental schemes in these circumstances should thus promote cultivation of alfalfa with a low input of biocides while avoiding maize, together with increasing field margins, to make compatible irrigation with lesser kestrel conservation.  相似文献   

Risk factors associated with the antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci in canine pyoderma     

Huerta B  Maldonado A  Ginel PJ  Tarradas C  Gómez-Gascón L  Astorga RJ  Luque I 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,150(3-4):302-308

This study reports the susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of staphylococci (n=105) isolated from dogs, and the factors associated with this resistance. The study animals were 23 healthy dogs (group A), 24 with first-time pyoderma (group B), and 27 with recurrent pyoderma that had undergone long-term antibiotic treatment (group C). Staphylococci were more commonly isolated from the pyoderma-affected than the healthy dogs (p<0.0001). Some 78% of the isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent. Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cephalosporins (OR 4.29, 95% CI [1.15, 16.3] respectively), enrofloxacin (OR 9.47, 95% CI [1.53, 58.5]) and ciprofloxacin (OR 79.7 95% CI [3.26, 1947.4]) was more common among group C isolates. Some 32% of all the isolates were multiresistant (MR) and 10.4% were methicillin-resistant (MRS). The probability of isolating MRS staphylococci in group C increased by a factor of four (95% CI [1.18, 17.9]) compared to A plus B. Multi-resistant (MR) isolates were obtained more commonly from urban than rural dogs (OR 3.79, 95% CI [1.09, 13.17]). All the MRS staphylococci encountered were obtained from urban dogs and more commonly from male dogs (p=0.07). This study shows that dogs bred in urban habitat, with a history of antibiotic therapy in the past year represents significant risk of being carriers of isolates resistant to methicillin (MRS) and other antimicrobials. These factors should be considered before applying an antimicrobial treatment in veterinary clinics.  相似文献   

Detection of citrus psorosis virus by RT-qPCR validated by diagnostic parameters     

Melina Simeone  Claudio Gómez  Ana Bertalmío  Esperanza Ruiz  Claudia Hauteville  Laura Godoy Suarez  Blas Tito  Maria L. García 《Plant pathology》2021,70(4):980-986

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