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21.
Martín-Cabrejas MA Sanfiz B Vidal A Mollá E Esteban R López-Andréu FJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(2):261-266
The effect of fermentation on antinutritional factors and also on total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble (IDF) and soluble (SDF) dietary fiber fractions was studied in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The processes studied were two types of fermentation (lactic acid and natural), and a portion of the obtained flours were processed by autoclaving. The dietary fiber (DF) content and its components were determined using the enzymatic-gravimetric and enzymatic-chemical methods. The TDF content ranged from 24.5% dry matter (DM) in the raw to 25.2% DM in the processed beans. All the processing treatments significantly decreased the SDF content, and irrelevant changes were noticed in the IDF content of processed beans. Cellulose content of all samples was reduced by the processing treatments. Correspondingly, higher amounts of resistant starch was observed in the processed beans, except in the lactic acid fermented ones. However, the levels of pectic polysaccharides and Klason lignin were higher in the samples fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum. The action of microorganisms was determinant for the different degradation of the bean cell wall, disrupting the protein-carbohydrate integration, thus reducing the solubility of DF. 相似文献
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Vázquez-Prieto S Vilas R Mezo M González-Warleta M Ubeira FM Paniagua E 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,176(1):84-88
Protein electrophoresis was used to study allozyme variation in Fasciola hepatica collected from three locations in Galicia (NW Spain), an area where fascioliasis is endemic. Eleven of 16 loci showed variation in at least one population and 7 loci were polymorphic in all populations studied. Five of these markers showed expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.137 to 0.569. The Nei's unbiased genetic diversity within populations ranged from 0.146 to 0.168. Genotypic frequencies were consistent with panmixia in 25 of 28 cases. Only 2 loci showed a significant deficit of heterozygotes. Genetic distances between populations were small (D(a)=0.003-0.010). These results suggest high levels of genetic variability and low population structure. This study shows that several of the markers developed are useful for study the population genetic structure of the parasite, which is essential to investigate the evolution of drug resistance that has recently emerged in populations of the study area. 相似文献
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Ricardo de la Fuente Jesus Almazan Esperanza Gomez-Lucia Jean Freney Guillermo Suarez 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1986,9(4):347-353
A total of 176 Gram-positive, catalase positive cocci strains, isolated from sheep were studied by different routine tests for the differentiation of staphylococci and micrococci, comparing their validity and usefulness. By glucose fermentation and growth in the anaerobic portion of thioglycolate 85 and 73.6% respectively of coagulase negative staphylococci were misclassified as Micrococcus spp. Susceptibility to lysostaphin was an adequate test for the differentiation of the strains. Atypical results in the production of acid from glycerol/erythromycin were obtained in 11.8% of the coagulase negative strains and 16.7% of micrococci. The combined use of the selective media furazolidone agar and Schleifer and Krämer medium resulted in a fast and useful separation of ovine staphylococci and micrococci. The bacteriolytic activity misclassified 32.2% of the coagulase negative strains. 相似文献
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Monica Penas-Ares Esperanza Paniagua-Crespo Rafael Madriñan-Choren Margarita Marti-Mallen Maria Cristina Arias-Fernandez 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1994,78(1-2):83-90
We tested for the presence of free-living amoebae in water from 12 thermal spas in northwest Spain; 8 tested positive. No relationship was observed between temperature, pH or bacterial contamination and either the presence of amoebae or the, number of strains per sample. A total of 13 strains were found: 5 of Vahlkampfia, 2 of Naegleria, 3 of Acanthamoeba and 3 of other genera. Those Naegleria and Acanthamoeba strains which survived at 37 ? were tested for pathogenicity by intracerebral and intranasal inoculation of mice; only 2 strains (both of the species Acanthamoeba polyphaga) caused death. 相似文献
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Aguilera Y Benítez V Mollá E Esteban RM Martín-Cabrejas MA 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(4):391-400
Changes in bioactive carbohydrates, functional, and microstructural characteristics that occurred in chickpea under soaking,
cooking, and industrial dehydration processing were evaluated. Raw chickpea exhibited important levels of raffinose family
of oligosaccharides (RFOs), resistant starch (RS) and total dietary fibre (TDF), being insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) the main
fraction (94%). The dehydration process increased RFOs (43%), RS (47%) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) (59%) levels significantly.
In addition, a noticeable increase in both fibre fractions was observed, being higher in soluble fibre in (SDF) (59%). The
minimum nitrogen solubility of raw flours was at pH 4, and a high degree of protein insolubilization (80%) was observed in
dehydrated flours. The raw and processed flours exhibited low oil-holding capacities (1.10 mg/ml), and did not show any change
by thermal processing, whereas water-holding capacities rose to 5.50 mg/ml of sample. Cooking and industrial dehydration process
reduced emulsifying activity and foaming capacity of chickpea flour. The microstructural observations were consistent with
the chemical results. Thus, the significant occurrence of these bioactive carbohydrate compounds along with the interesting
functional properties of the dehydrated flours could be considered useful as functional ingredients for food formulation. 相似文献
28.
Effects of different land use on soil chemical properties, decomposition rate and earthworm communities in tropical Mexico 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The effects of land use on soil chemical properties were evaluated, and earthworm communities and the decomposition rate of three typical land use systems in tropical Mexico, namely banana plantations (B), agroforestry systems (AF) and a successional forest (S) were compared.The study was carried out from November 2005 to April 2006. A completely randomized sampling design was established in six sites (B1, B2, AF1, AF2, S1 and S2). Soil properties and chemical characteristics (texture, pH, organic carbon (Corg), nutrients, and available Zn and Mn), earthworm communities and the decomposition of Bravaisia integerrima and Musa acuminata litter were analyzed over a period of 8 weeks.All soils were loamy clays with a medium to high content of nutrients. Three principal clusters were generated with the soil chemical properties: a first cluster for forest soils with high Corg and Ntot and low available Zn content, a second cluster for AF1 and a third cluster for B1, B2 and A2.The decomposition of B. integerrima litter was significantly faster (half-life time: 1.8 (AF2)–3.1 (B1) weeks) than that of M. acuminata (4.1 (AF2)–5.8 (S2) weeks). However, the decomposition rates did not differ significantly among the different sites.The greatest earthworm diversities were observed in AF2 and B1. Native species were dominant in the forest soils, whereas exotic species dominated in AF and in the banana plantations. The abundance and biomass of certain earthworm species were correlated to physical and chemical soil parameters. However, litter decomposition rates were not correlated with any of the soil physical–chemical parameters.While none of the land use systems studied led to a decrease in nutrient status, earthworm biodiversity and abundance, or in litter decomposition rate, they did result in a change in earthworm species composition. 相似文献
29.
Esperanza Álvarez María Fernández-Sanjurjo Xosé Luis Otero Felipe Macías 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2010,10(7):1236-1245
Purpose
Aluminium partitioning in the solid fraction and aluminium in solution in the bulk and rhizospheric soil of different plant species colonising an abandoned Cu mine slope (Calluna vulgaris, Erica cinerea and Salix atrocinerea) and mine dump (C. vulgaris and E. cinerea) were investigated. The aim of the study was to determine the changes that the species induce in the Al forms in the rhizosphere in order to adapt to heterogeneous substrates. 相似文献30.
Maria Concepción Lora-Vilchis Esperanza Ruiz-Velasco-Cruz Teodoro Reynoso-Granados Domenico Voltolina 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2004,35(2):232-236
–Juvenile pen shells Atrina maura were fed for 21 d with equal daily rations, equivalent to 6.5% of their live weight, of monoalgal cultures of Tetraselmis suecica, Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri, Chaetoceros calcitrans , and Thalassiosira pseudonana. Pen shell survival was 100% in all cases. All microalgae diets produced shell growth, and live and ash-free dry weight increases. However, the two Chaetoceros strains gave significantly better results, with shell height increases of 4.7 to 2.9 mm, live weight gains of 0.5 to 0.3 g, and final ash-free dry weights of 0.16 to 0.14 g after 3 wk. These results are not related to the algae gross biochemical composition, suggesting that other factors are involved in their nutritional value for this mollusc species. 相似文献