SVEPM 2010--the role of veterinary epidemiology in animal health in the world today     

Martinez TA  Pfeiffer DU  More SJ 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2011,100(2):89

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Larval development of Toxocara canis in dogs     

Schnieder T  Laabs EM  Welz C 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(3-4):193-206

The parasitic roundworm Toxocara canis is present in dog populations all over the world. Due to its zoonotic potential, this roundworm is of special interest not only for veterinarians, but also for medical practitioners. In the present review, current knowledge of infection routes and the subsequent development of larvae within the canine host is summarised. Furthermore, information about the clinical, pathological, enzymatic, haematological and histopathological changes was collected, giving a broad overview of current knowledge of the infection. Although the data collected over the years give an idea of what happens during the larval development of T. canis, many questions remain open. Nevertheless, it is important that we continue our efforts to further understand the biology of this versatile and compelling parasite and try to improve and optimise strategies to prevent the infection in dogs and thereby to protect humans from this infection.  相似文献   

Large granular lymphocytosis in a cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) with a subclinical Trypanosoma cruzi infection     

Sally E. Henderson  Sara C. Pfeiffer  Joseph Novak  Tracy A. Peace 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2020,49(3):382-388

A 5.25-year-old cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) was found to have a marked leukocytosis due to a lymphocytosis on routine quarantine laboratory data prior to inclusion in a preclinical research study. The majority of lymphocytes were characterized as intermediate to large with round to convoluted nuclei, coarse to clumped chromatin, rare prominent nucleoli, and moderate amounts of lightly basophilic cytoplasm that frequently contained small magenta granules and/or clear vacuoles. The animal had tested negative for several viruses and other etiologic agents found in nonhuman primates 1 week prior to shipment to the research facility. However, further evaluation of the blood smear revealed rare hemoflagellates, and later testing using real-time PCR and ELISA was confirmatory for Trypanosoma cruzi (T cruzi). Trypanosoma cruzi is a zoonotic pathogen responsible for Chagas disease in people and can have negative consequences on study results when positive animals are inadvertently used for preclinical research. This case report describes a marked large granular lymphocytosis in an otherwise healthy macaque as the only indication of infection with T cruzi in an animal believed to be negative for the infection. Additionally, it highlights the diagnostic limitations of screening tests to rule out diseases in animals intended to be used in preclinical studies.  相似文献   

Temperature effect on seed germination,seedling root development and growth of several vegetables     

Gerald E. Wilcox  Charles L. Pfeiffer 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1393-1403

Experiments were conducted to study the effect of temperature and nutrition on seed germination and plant growth of different plant species. The nutrition studies of vegetables showed a normal response to fertilization rates on deficient soils at temperatures above their critical minimum. At soil temperatures below this little or no response was obtained to increased P concentration. Plant growth as affected by soil temperature was studied on beans, corn, cucumber, eggplant, pea, pepper, radish, spinach, and watermelon. Growth of peas, radish and spinach was significantly reduced by soil temperatures 10°C or lower. Corn growth was restricted when soil temperatures were maintained in the range of 12.3–14.5°C or lower, while growth of bean, cucumber, eggplant, pepper and watermelon was limited when soil temperatures were maintained in the 16.7–18.9°C temperature range or lower.  相似文献   

Impact of biochar on nutrient supply,crop yield and microbial respiration on sandy soils of northern Germany     

Christian Knoblauch  S.H. Renuka Priyadarshani  Stephan M. Haefele  Nicola Schröder  Eva-Maria Pfeiffer 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(4):1885-1901

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Epidemiological study of pasture-associated laminitis and concurrent risk factors in the South of England     

Menzies-Gow NJ  Katz LM  Barker KJ  Elliott J  De Brauwere MN  Jarvis N  Marr CM  Pfeiffer DU 《The Veterinary record》2010,167(18):690-694

A retrospective study of laminitis was carried out to identify risk factors associated with this disease on an East Anglian farm with approximately 1000 animals living in an area of 1000 acres. Medical records between January 1997 and May 2000 and between April 2005 and March 2008 were reviewed, and the age, sex, weight (kg), height (inches [in] and hands [H]) and weight-to-height ratio (kg/in) was recorded. The prevalence, incidence and seasonality of laminitis were determined and their relationship to the monthly temperature, rainfall and hours of sunshine was evaluated. Averaged over the six years, the highest prevalence (2.6 per cent) and incidence (16 cases/1000 animals) of laminitis occurred in May. The findings of a multivariate analysis revealed that females (P=0.007, odds ratio [OR] 1.46, 95 per cent confidence interval [CI] 1.1053 to 1.9646) and light animals (P ≤ 0.001, OR=0.995, 95 per cent CI =0.9932 to 0.9963) had the greatest risk of developing laminitis. A positive association was found between hours of sunshine and incidence (P=0.007, relative risk [RR] 1.009, 95 per cent CI 1.001 to 1.012) and prevalence (P=0.002, RR 1.008, 95 per cent CI 1.003 to 1.012) of laminitis. The data suggest that there is a relationship between season, sex of the animal and the development of laminitis.  相似文献   

Apparent digestibility of amino acids in raw and heated conventional and low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans for pigs.     

K L Herkelman  G L Cromwell  T S Stahly  T W Pfeiffer  D A Knabe 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(3):818-826

An experiment was conducted with ileally cannulated pigs to determine the apparent digestibility of amino acids and N in raw or heated conventional or low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans. Six littermate barrows initially averaging 24 kg were fed cornstarch-based diets (10.5% CP, .68% lysine, 3,558 kcal of ME/kg) supplemented with raw (unheated), conventional soybeans; raw, low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans; heated, conventional soybeans; heated, low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans; or solvent-extracted soybean meal. Heating was achieved by autoclaving soybeans (after grinding) for 20 min at 110 degrees C. The urease activities of the two raw soybean sources were similar, but the trypsin inhibitor activity of the raw, low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans was about one-half that of the raw, conventional soybeans. The lower trypsin inhibitor activity of the raw, low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans was associated with an improvement in the apparent digestibility of amino acids and N compared with the raw, conventional soybeans (P less than .05). Heating reduced the urease and trypsin inhibitor activities and improved (P less than .05) the apparent digestibility of amino acids and N in both types of soybeans. However, the heated, conventional soybeans contained more trypsin inhibitor activity than the heated, low-trypsin-inhibitor soybeans and the digestibilities of the amino acids were lower (P less than .05). Although the urease and trypsin inhibitor activities of the two heated soybean sources were similar to or less than those of soybean meal, the digestibilities of amino acids were not as great (P less than .05) in the heated soybeans as in soybean meal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  相似文献   

Methods and Processes of Developing the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology – Veterinary (STROBE‐Vet) Statement          下载免费PDF全文

J. M. Sargeant  A. M. O'Connor  I. R. Dohoo  H. N. Erb  M. Cevallos  M. Egger  A. K. Ersbøll  S. W. Martin  L. R. Nielsen  D. L. Pearl  D. U. Pfeiffer  J. Sanchez  M. E. Torrence  H. Vigre  C. Waldner  M. P. Ward 《Zoonoses and public health》2016,63(8):651-661

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Metomidate anesthesia in dogs with different premedications     

R Fritsch  W Erhardt  D Franczuszki  G Neumann  U Pfeiffer  M E Ehrenb?ck  B Kuhnt  G Blümel 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1980,93(9):171-174

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Adenovirus precipitating antibodies in the sera of brush-tailed possums in New Zealand     

Rice M  Wilks CR  Pfeiffer D  Jackson R 《New Zealand veterinary journal》1991,39(2):58-60

Sera collected from the Australian brush-tailed possum Trichosurus vulpecula in New Zealand in 1975 and 1989 were tested for the presence of antibodies to adenovirus. Of the 231 sera tested in an agar gel diffusion test, eight (3.5%) had precipitating antibodies to the group specific antigen of mammalian adenoviruses. Available data allowed 99/231 sera to be classified as being obtained from either adult (total 62) or sexually immature (total 37) possums. From the adult animals, 4/62 (6.5%) sera were positive, while no reactive sera were detected among the 37 immature animals. The results provide evidence that natural infection by an adenovirus occurs in possums in New Zealand. Further work needs to be carried out to isolate this adenovirus to enable detailed serological and epidemiological studies to be performed. A species-specific possum adenovirus could have potential in the biological control of this species.  相似文献