Nutritional value of dry‐extruded blends of seafood processing waste and plant‐protein feedstuffs in diets for juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus,L.)     

Fernando Yugo Yamamoto  Clement R. de Cruz  Waldemar Rossi  Delbert M. Gatlin 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2020,26(1):88-97

Six thermally processed blends were manufactured by dry‐extruding mixtures of seafood processing waste with either soybean meal (SBM) or distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at three different ratios (50:50, 60:40 and 70:30; wet basis). To assess the energy and nutrient digestibility of each blend, a digestibility trial was conducted using advanced red drum juveniles (~70 g). After computing the apparent digestibility coefficients for the mixtures, a comparative feeding trial evaluated replacement of menhaden fishmeal (FM) on digestible protein (DP) and digestible energy (DE) bases with the manufactured blends. A diet formulated to derive 70% of DP from FM and 30% from SBM served as a Control. Groups of 14 fish were stocked in 21, 110‐L aquaria operating as a recirculating aquaculture system, and treatments were randomly distributed in triplicate. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed SBM 50:50, DDGS 50:50 and DDGS 60:40 were significantly lower compared to that of fish fed the Control diet. However, the inclusion of SBM 60:40, SBM 70:30 and DDGS 70:30 blends succeeded in partially replacing FM and reducing fish oil inclusion in the diet of red drum without compromising production performance.  相似文献   

Location of Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Ilarvirus Within Pollen Grains of Infected Nectarine Trees: Evidence from RT-PCR, Dot-blot and in situ Hybridisation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Federico Aparicio  Maria A. Sánchez-Pina  Jesus A. Sánchez-Navarro  Vicente Pallás 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(6):623-627

Prunus necrotic ringspot Ilarvirus (PNRSV) is a pollen and seed-borne ilarvirus affecting most Prunus spp. The location of the virus in infected nectarine pollen grains was investigated by molecular hybridisation, RT-PCR and in situ hybridisation. The first two approaches revealed an internal location of the virus. In situ hybridisation demonstrated the virus in the bicellular pollen grain, where it was present in the cytoplasm of the vegetative cell but not in the generative cell. This result seems to indicate that the sperm cells, formed by the mitosis of the generative cell, are not involved in virus transmission to seed. Other possible mechanisms are discussed.  相似文献   

Nutrition of red drum,Sciaenops ocellatus L.: An additional evaluation of the effects of soya‐based diets and supplemental prebiotic          下载免费PDF全文

Waldemar Rossi Jr.  Min Ju  Michael E. Hume  Joseph R. Tomasso  Delbert M. Gatlin III 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(10):5224-5234

We assessed the effects of a fishmeal (FM)‐ and two soya‐based diets [without or with prebiotic (GroBiotic^® ‐A; GBA) supplementation] on the production performance, non‐specific immunity, blood parameters and gut microbiota diversity of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. All diets were formulated to contain 450 g/kg crude protein (CP) and 120 g/kg lipid. A combination of soya bean meal and soya protein concentrate (SP) was used to replace 88% of the FM in the FM‐based diet (REF) originating the first soya‐based diet (SOY). The second soya‐based diet (SOY + GBA) was designed identically to SOY except for the supplementation of GBA (20 g/kg) substituting for wheat flour. After feeding the experimental diets to triplicate groups of 25 (~3.4 g/fish) and 90 (~4.1 g/fish) red drum juveniles for 9 (Trial I) and 16 weeks (Trial II), our results showed that (i) red drum was highly sensitive to the soya‐based diets in the first week of feeding; (ii) replacing 88% of FM with SP reduced the production performance of red drum without affecting intestinal micromorphology; (iii) whole‐blood leucocyte oxidative radical production was unaffected while lower haematocrit and higher plasma lysozyme activity were found in fish fed REF; (iv) plasma osmolality was unaffected while lower glucose and higher lactate levels were observed in fish fed SOY and SOY + GBA; (v) 16S rRNA gene‐based diversity of fish gut microbiota was affected both by SP and by GBA. This study expands the information on red drum responses to soya‐based diets and prebiotic supplementation.  相似文献   

Ultrastructural and biomolecular detection of Rickettsiales‐like organisms in tissues of rainbow trout with Red Mark Syndrome          下载免费PDF全文

M Galeotti  M Manzano  P Beraldo  C Bulfon  G Rossi  D Volpatti  G E Magi 《Journal of fish diseases》2017,40(7):907-917

Red mark syndrome (RMS) and US strawberry disease (US SD) are skin disorders affecting rainbow trout farmed in Europe and USA. The disease etiology has not yet been established. In spite of specific investigations, identifying Rickettsia‐like organism (RLO)‐ and Midichloria‐like organism (MLO)‐related DNA in affected individuals, these pathogens have never been observed. We performed histological, ultrastructural and biomolecular analysis on skin and spleen samples of trout with RMS. Examination by TEM revealed the presence of intracytoplasmic microorganisms resembling Rickettsiales within macrophages, fibroblasts and erythrocytes. The microorganisms were oval or short rod shaped (400–800 nm in length and 100–200 nm in width) and often showed a cell wall similar to Gram‐negative bacteria. PCR analysis for Rickettsiales supported these findings: 53% of affected trout were positive by both PCR and TEM The primers RiFCfw‐RiFCrev were used to anneal both the RLO 16S DNA sequence and the MLO 16S DNA sequence. For this reason, and in agreement with previous studies confirming the presence of Rickettsiales‐related DNA in trout with RMS, we assume that TEM detected microorganisms morphologically consistent with bacteria belonging to Rickettsiales order and could be considered as possible causative agents of RMS.  相似文献   

Correction     

Rossi B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1949,110(2862):482

In my report on the Echo Lakes Symposium on Cosmic Rays (Science, September 2, 1949) the pi- and micro-symbols were interchanged, in the line before last of the second column, p. 242, and in the first line of the third column in the same page. The portion of the text containing these two lines should read: ". . . the latest values for the masses of the micro- and the pi-meson (215 and 285 electron masses respectively) and for the mean life of the pi-meson (0.63x10(-8) see)." In a recent letter to the writer, Dr. Barkas states that this value for the mean life of the pi-meson has been superseded by more accurate measurements. These measurements, made on positive pi-mesons, give a mean life of 1.97x10(-8) sec. Dr. Barkas also indicates that new mass measurements give 276 electron masses for positive or negative pi-mesons and 210 electron masses for positive micro-mesons.  相似文献   

Early life history of the black anglerfish Lophius budegassa Spinola, 1807 in the Mediterranean Sea using otolith microstructure     

Mario La Mesa  Francesca De Rossi 《Fisheries Research》2008,93(1-2):234-239

The early life history of the black anglerfish, Lophius budegassa was investigated by otolith (lapilli) increment analysis. Samples of demersal juvenile L. budegassa ranging from 54 to 196 mm total length were collected during bottom trawl surveys in the central Adriatic Sea. By counting increments presumed to be deposited daily in the lapillar otoliths, 88 specimens of L. budegassa were successfully aged. Age estimates of juveniles ranged between 79 and 204 days, indicating that probably the pelagic phase of this species is relatively short and settlement occurs at less than 3 months of life. The analysis of check marks in the core area of lapilli enabled us to determine the period of endogenous feeding, which would last between 15 and 24 days after hatching. Back-calculated hatching dates and, consequently, the spawning season of L. budegassa in the Adriatic Sea was spread over a long period, lasting at least from February to June. The length at age relationship gave an estimate of mean growth rate of approximately 0.8–1.02 mm/day, indicating a faster growth rate of 0+ juveniles L. budegassa than previously thought. The implications of these findings on age estimates discrepancies between previous ageing studies on L. budegassa carried out using different calcified structure (sagittae or illicia) are discussed.  相似文献   

Urinary cortisol‐creatinine ratio in dogs with hypoadrenocorticism     

Francesca Del Baldo  Magda Gerou Ferriani  Walter Bertazzolo  Matteo Luciani  Antonio Maria Tardo  Federico Fracassi 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2022,36(2):482

BackgroundBasal serum cortisol (BSC) ≥2 μg/dL (>55 nmol/L) has high sensitivity but low specificity for hypoadrenocorticism (HA).ObjectiveTo determine whether the urinary corticoid:creatinine ratio (UCCR) can be used to differentiate dogs with HA from healthy dogs and those with diseases mimicking HA (DMHA).AnimalsNineteen healthy dogs, 18 dogs with DMHA, and 10 dogs with HA.MethodsRetrospective study. The UCCR was determined on urine samples from healthy dogs, dogs with DMHA, and dogs with HA. The diagnostic performance of the UCCR was assessed based on receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, calculating the area under the ROC curve.ResultsThe UCCR was significantly lower in dogs with HA (0.65 × 10⁻⁶; range, 0.33‐1.22 × 10⁻⁶) as compared to healthy dogs (3.38 × 10⁻⁶; range, 1.11‐17.32 × 10⁻⁶) and those with DMHA (10.28 × 10⁻⁶; range, 2.46‐78.65 × 10⁻⁶) (P < .0001). There was no overlap between dogs with HA and dogs with DMHA. In contrast, 1 healthy dog had a UCCR value in the range of dogs with HA. The area under the ROC curve was 0.99. A UCCR cut‐off value of <1.4 yielded 100% sensitivity and 97.3% specificity in diagnosing HA.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe UCCR seems to be a valuable and reliable screening test for HA in dogs. The greatest advantage of this test is the need for only a single urine sample.  相似文献