Diversity of Sodium Transporter HKT1;5 in Genus Oryza     

Shalini Pulipati  Suji Somasundaram  Nitika Rana  Kavitha Kumaresan  Mohamed Shafi  Peter Civ  &#x  Gothandapani Sellamuthu  Deepa Jaganathan  Prasanna Venkatesan Ramaravi  S. Punitha  Kalaimani Raju  Shrikant S. Mantri  R. Sowdhamini  Ajay Parida  Gayatri Venkataraman 《水稻科学》2022,29(1):31-46

Asian cultivated rice shows allelic variation in sodium transporter, OsHKT1;5, correlating with shoot sodium exclusion (salinity tolerance). These changes map to intra/extracellularly-oriented loops that occur between four transmembrane-P loop-transmembrane (MPM) motifs in OsHKT1;5. HKT1;5 sequences from more recently evolved Oryza species (O. sativa/O. officinalis complex species) contain two expansions that involve two intracellularly oriented loops/helical regions between MPM domains, potentially governing transport characteristics, while more ancestral HKT1;5 sequences have shorter intracellular loops. We compared homology models for homoeologous OcHKT1;5-K and OcHKT1;5-L from halophytic O. coarctata to identify complementary amino acid residues in OcHKT1;5-L that potentially enhance affinity for Na⁺. Using haplotyping, we showed that Asian cultivated rice accessions only have a fraction of HKT1;5 diversity available in progenitor wild rice species (O. nivara and O. rufipogon). Progenitor HKT1;5 haplotypes can thus be used as novel potential donors for enhancing cultivated rice salinity tolerance. Within Asian rice accessions, 10 non-synonymous HKT1;5 haplotypic groups occur. More HKT1;5 haplotypic diversities occur in cultivated indica gene pool compared to japonica. Predominant Haplotypes 2 and 10 occur in mutually exclusive japonica and indica groups, corresponding to haplotypes in O. sativa salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant landraces, respectively. This distinct haplotype partitioning may have originated in separate ancestral gene pools of indica and japonica, or from different haplotypes selected during domestication. Predominance of specific HKT1;5 haplotypes within the 3 000 rice dataset may relate to eco-physiological fitness in specific geo-climatic and/or edaphic contexts.  相似文献   

Changes in foliar carbon isotope composition and seasonal stomatal conductance reveal adaptive traits in Mediterranean coppices affected by drought     

Giovanni Di Matteo  Luigi Perini  Paolo Atzori  Paolo De Angelis  Tiziano Mei  Giada Bertini  Gianfranco Fabbio  Giuseppe Scarascia Mugnozza 《林业研究》2014,25(4):839-845

We estimated water-use efficiency and potential photosynthetic assimilation of Holm oak(Quercus ilex L.) on slopes of NW and SW aspects in a replicated field test examining the effects of intensifying drought in two Mediterranean coppice forests. We used standard techniques for quantifying gas exchange and carbon isotopes in leaves and analyzed total chlorophyll, carotenoids and nitrogen in leaves collected from Mediterranean forests managed under the coppice system. We postulated that responses to drought of coppiced trees would lead to differential responses in physiological traits and that these traits could be used by foresters to adapt to predicted warming and drying in the Mediterranean area. We observed physiological responses of the coppiced trees that suggested acclimation in photosynthetic potential and water-use efficiency:(1) a significant reduction in stomatal conductance(p0.01) wasrecorded as the drought increased at the SW site;(2) foliar δ13C increased as drought increased at the SW site(p0.01);(3) variations in levels of carotenoids and foliar nitrogen, and differences in foliar morphology were recorded, and were tentatively attributed to variation in photosynthetic assimilation between sites. These findings increase knowledge of the capacity for acclimation of managed forests in the Mediterranean region of Europe.  相似文献   

Screening techniques and sources of tolerance to salinity and mineral nutrient imbalances in cool season food legumes     

N. P. Saxena  M. C. Saxena  P. Ruckenbauer  R. S. Rana  M. M. El-Fouly  R. Shabana 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):85-93

A large global land area is affected by saline, alkali (sodic), and acid soil conditions. Cool season food legumes are important crops in many countries with such adverse soils. Tolerant genotypes have been identified in many crops, including legumes. However, very little has been published on selection of tolerant cool season food legume crops. The inadequate knowledge and understanding of the responses of cool season food legume crops to these abiotic stresses, necessitates action by a collaborative network of interdisciplinary teams to make rapid progress in identifying tolerant germplasm and developing cultivars better adapted to unfavorable soil conditions.  相似文献   

Characterisation of 4274 accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm conserved in the Indian gene bank for phenological,morphological and agricultural traits     

J. C. Rana  T. R. Sharma  R. K. Tyagi  R. K. Chahota  N. K. Gautam  Mohar Singh  P. N. Sharma  S. N. Ojha 《Euphytica》2015,205(2):441-457

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The use of risk aversion in plant breeding; Concept and application   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

B. C. Barah  H. P. Binswanger  B. S. Rana  N. G. P. Rao 《Euphytica》1981,30(2):451-458

Summary Variance analysis is used to measure stability (inter-temporal) and adaptability (over space) components of variance with multilocation-multiyear sorghum yield data from India. Adaptability and stability were highly correlated. Only the stability component is relevant for farmers in their adoption decision. Measures of farmer's risk aversion are used to rank genotypes according to preferences which take account both of yield and stability. Since yield differences were large and risk aversion moderate, preference based rankings did not differ markedly from yield based rankings.  相似文献   

Increasing genetic diversity by participatory varietal selection in high potential production systems in Nepal and India     

J.R. Witcombe  K.D. Joshi  R.B. Rana  D.S. Virk 《Euphytica》2001,122(3):575-588

On-farm varietal biodiversity was studied through household surveys in two high potential production systems in Chitwan and Nawalparasi districts of the Nepal Terai and in Lunawada sub-district, Gujarat, India. Diversity was extremely low in Chaite rice in the Nepal study area (weighted diversity 0.04) and low in main season rice in the India study area (weighted diversity 0.34). In both areas, one cultivar dominated, CH 45 in Nepal and GR11 in India. In the India study area, biodiversity varied with the socio-economic group and better-off farmers had a greater varietal diversity. Participatory varietal selection (PVS) identified new varieties that farmers preferred. Their adoption by farmers increased on-farm varietal biodiversity within the three cropping seasons studied. Despite the commonly assumed uniformity of high potential production systems, the new varieties occupied specific niches in the farming system. Farmers' preferences for different varieties – there were large differences in quality traits and maturity period among the new varieties – should help to maintain biodiversity. Overall production is expected to increase as each niche becomes occupied increasingly by the best-adapted variety. PVS is a simple and powerful method of increasing food production in the high potential production systems that produce most of the developing world's grain. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Furosine: a suitable marker for assessing the freshness of royal jelly   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Marconi E  Caboni MF  Messia MC  Panfili G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(10):2825-2829

Fifteen commercial samples of royal jelly, consisting of 10 imported samples, and 5 samples of known origin obtained freshly harvested from beekeepers, were analyzed for protein, lysine, and furosine content. In addition, a commercial sample of royal jelly, at the beginning of its commercial shelf life, was stored for 10 months both at 4 degrees C and at room temperature in order to assess the development of the Maillard reaction (furosine) and relative nutritional damage (blocked lysine). The commercial royal jelly products contained different amounts of furosine, ranging from 37.1 to 113.3 mg/100 g protein, evidence of different storage times and conditions. The average furosine content of the royal jelly samples of known origin and harvesting was significantly lower than that of the imported samples (41.7 versus 73.6 mg/100 g protein, respectively). With regard to shelf life, furosine content increased significantly from 72.0 mg/100 g protein to 500.8 mg/100 g protein after 10 months of storage at room temperature, while it increased to a much lower level (100.5 mg/100 g protein) when the royal jelly was stored at 4 degrees C. However, nutritional damage, expressed as blocked lysine (calculated indirectly from the furosine content), was minor or negligible, 11.9 and 2.3% of total lysine, in samples stored at room temperature and at 4 degrees C, respectively. Lysine was determined by an innovative procedure based on high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). The results showed that furosine is a suitable index for assessing the quality and freshness of royal jelly.  相似文献   

Assessment of the efficacy of various mulch materials on improving the growth and yield of ginger (Zingiber officinale) under bamboo-based agroforestry system in NW-Himalaya     

Sharma  Umesh  Bhardwaj  Daulat Ram  Sharma  Sunny  Sankhyan  Neeraj  Thakur  Chaman Lal  Rana  Neerja  Sharma  Subhash 《Agroforestry Systems》2022,96(5-6):925-940

Agroforestry Systems - Agroforestry as a smart agriculture practice has started to get global attention nowadays. The present investigation is based on bamboo-ginger intercropping research carried...  相似文献   

Oxidative status of erythrocytes,hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia in diabetic cats     

Eric Zini  Gianfranco Gabai  Elena Salesov  Gabriele Gerardi  Laura Da Dalt  Thomas A. Lutz  Claudia E. Reusch 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2020,34(2):616-625

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Identification and development of key descriptors for phenotypic characterization of tuber cowpea [Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich.]     

Tripathi  Kuldeep  Pamarthi  R. K.  Gore  Padmavati G.  Nagaraju  S.  Madhavan  Latha  Gayacharan  C.  Singh  Neeta  Ahlawat  S. P.  Rana  J. C.  Pratap  Aditya  Kumar  Ashok 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(3):1375-1389

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