Fertility of Holstein cows and heifers submitted to timed artificial insemination and receiving one or two doses (12 h apart) of semen     

Miguel Mellado  Lucía M. Treviño  María I. Chavez  Francisco G. Véliz  Ulises Macías-Cruz  Leonel Avendaño-Reyes  José E. García 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2023,58(1):39-47

The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the effect of receiving a single (n = 50,285) or double (n = 4392) artificial insemination (AI), 12 h apart, within a timed artificial insemination protocol on pregnancy per AI (P/AI) in nulliparous heifers (inseminated with either sex-sorted or conventional semen) and pluriparous Holstein cows in a commercial dairy herd. Also, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between temperature-humidity index (THI) and time of the first AI and fertility. Fertility of cows receiving two AI with normothermia (THI <68) was higher (p < .05) than cows receiving a single AI (42.9% vs. 36.4%). P/AI of cows receiving two AI with severe heat stress (THI >85) was higher (p < .05) than cows receiving a single AI (21.0% vs. 12.6%). Regardless of heat stress conditions, applying the first AI in the morning increased (p < .05) P/AI in cows with double AI than in cows whose first AI occurred in the afternoon (38.4 vs. 33.3%). With moderate heat stress, and sexed-sorted semen, P/AI to timed AI was higher (65.0 vs. 51.9%; p < .05) in heifers receiving double AI than those serviced once. It was concluded that double AI, 12 h apart, enhanced fertility at timed AI than herd mates with a single AI, particularly with heat stress at breeding.  相似文献   

Validation of new automated turbidimetric immunoassays for the measurement of haptoglobin and inter-α-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 specific for the bovine species     

Anna Bassols  José Angel Robles-Guirado  Laura Arroyo  Lourdes Soler  Natalia García  Raquel Pato  Raquel Peña  Yolanda Saco  Ramon Armengol  Fermín Lampreave  María A. Alava  Francesca Canalias  Matilde Piñeiro 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2023,52(Z1):64-74

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Parameter Design for the Power Train and Simulation of the Dynamic Performance of Elctrical Vehicle     

YANG Zu yuan  QIN Da tong  SUN Dong ye 《保鲜与加工》2002,(6):19-22

The method and principle of the parameter design for the power train of EV is explored and discussed,then the parametersof EV. based on SC7101 are reasonably selected.The method of calculating the SOC of Lead_acid battery is provided and the relation among the electromotive force,the interior resistance, the polarized resistance and the SOC are analyzed. The capacity is compensated according to the relation between the capacity and the temperature, which is the basis on which the energy management system is designed and improved. The dynamic model which reflects the dynamic characteristics of the power train is established,then the dynamic performance of the EV based on SC7101 is simulated, and the factors that affect the continuous mileage of EV are analyzed,the measures to increase the continuous mileage are provided.The result shows that the analysis of the electric characteristics of battery and the dynamic model are correct,and the dynamic performance perfectly meets the need of the design target.  相似文献   

Using midday stem water potential for scheduling deficit irrigation in mid–late maturing peach trees under Mediterranean conditions     

José Manuel Mirás-Avalos  Francisco Pérez-Sarmiento  Rosalía Alcobendas  Juan José Alarcón  Oussama Mounzer  Emilio Nicolás 《Irrigation Science》2016,34(2):161-173

Irrigation techniques that reduce water applications are increasingly applied in areas with scarce water resources. In this study, the effect of two regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) strategies on peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. “Catherine”] performance was studied over three growing seasons. The experimental site was located in Murcia (SE Spain), a Mediterranean region. Two RDI strategies (restricting water applications at stage II of fruit development and postharvest) based on stem water potential (Ψ_s) thresholds (?1.5 and ?1.8 MPa during fruit growth and ?1.5 and ?2.0 MPa during postharvest) were compared to a fully irrigated control. Soil water content (θ_v), Ψ_s, gas exchange parameters, vegetative growth, crop load, yield and fruit quality were determined. RDI treatments showed significantly lower values of θ_v and Ψ_s than control trees when irrigation water was restricted, causing reductions in stomatal conductance and photosynthesis rates. Vegetative growth was reduced by RDI, as lower shoot lengths and pruning weights were observed under those treatments when compared to control. However, fruit size and yield were unaffected, and fruit quality was slightly improved by RDI. Water savings from 43 to 65 % were achieved depending on the year and the RDI strategy, and no negative carryover effect was detected during the study period. In conclusion, RDI strategies using Ψ_s thresholds for scheduling irrigation in mid–late maturing peach trees under Mediterranean conditions are viable options to save water without compromising yield and even improving fruit quality.  相似文献   

Modeling soil water dynamics in a drip-irrigated intercropping field under plastic mulch     

Xianyue Li  Haibin Shi  Jiří Šimůnek  Xuewen Gong  Zunyuan Peng 《Irrigation Science》2015,33(4):289-302

Intercropping, drip irrigation, and the use of plastic mulch are important management practices, which can, when utilized simultaneously, increase crop production and save irrigation water. Investigating soil water dynamics in the root zone of the intercropping field under such conditions is essential in order to understand the combined effects of these practices and to promote their wider use. However, not much work has been done to investigate soil water dynamics in the root zone of drip-irrigated, strip intercropping fields under plastic mulch. Three field experiments with different irrigation treatments (high T1, moderate T2, and low T3) were conducted to evaluate soil water contents (SWC) at different locations, for different irrigation treatments, and with respect to dripper lines and plants (corn and tomatoes). Experimental data were then used to calibrate the HYDRUS (2D/3D) model. Comparison between experimental data and model simulations showed that HYDRUS (2D/3D) described different irrigation events and SWC in the root zone well, with average relative errors of 10.8, 9.5, and 11.6 % for irrigation treatments T1, T2, and T3, respectively, and with corresponding root mean square errors of 0.043, 0.035, and 0.040 cm³ cm^?3, respectively. The results showed that the SWC in the shallow root zone (0–40 cm) was lower under non-mulched locations than under mulched locations, irrespective of the irrigation treatment, while no significant differences in the SWC were observed in the deeper root zone (40–100 cm). The SWC in the shallow root zone was significantly higher for the high irrigation treatment (T1) than for the low irrigation treatment, while, again, no differences were observed in the deeper root zone. Simulations of two-dimensional SWC distributions revealed that the low irrigation treatment (T3) produced serious severe water stress (with SWCs near the wilting point) in the 30–40 cm part of the root zone, and that using separate drip emitter lines for each crop is well suited for producing the optimal soil water distribution pattern in the root zone of the intercropping field. The results of this study can be very useful in designing an optimal irrigation plan for intercropped fields.  相似文献   

考虑部件弹性变形的平衡悬架运动干涉分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张子春  马力  王皎  王元良  徐达 《拖拉机与农用运输车》2006,33(4):66-68

研究了某特种重型车三轴平衡悬架在考虑车架、摆臂等主要部件弹性变形基础上的运动干涉校核问题,建立了基于整车的有限元计算模型并进行了计算分析。计算分析结果表明,对于特殊情况下不考虑车架等主要部件的弹性变形进行多轴平衡悬架运动干涉校核是不充分的,可能会得到不正确的结果。  相似文献   

Artificial inoculation and susceptibility of Pinus armandii to Dothistroma septosporum     

Zuzana Jánošíková  Emília Ondrušková  Katarína Adamčíková 《Forest Pathology》2023,53(5):e12826

Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) is a serious needle disease of conifers that primarily affects pine species (Pinus spp.). Dothistroma septosporum is one of the DNB pathogens that has a diverse range of host species excluding Pinus armandii. In 15 inoculated P. armandii seedlings, D. septosporum acervuli were observed in 43 infected needles of ten seedlings with a mean disease severity of 1.11% at 25 weeks after inoculations, demonstrating the potential of D. septosporum to cause symptoms on the needles of P. armandii via artificial inoculation. The disease severity of P. armandii was similar to the positive control, Pinus nigra (median 0.75 for P. armandii to 0.70 for P. nigra), thus, P. armandii acts under artificial conditions as a susceptible host species.  相似文献   

干湿交替下膨胀土裂隙演化与强度衰减规律试验研究   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

汪时机  杨振北  李贤  骆赵刚  许冲  李达 《农业工程学报》2021,37(5):113-122

为揭示干湿循环效应下膨胀土胀缩裂隙的演化特征及土体结构强度的劣化规律,对合肥弱膨胀土试样开展不同循环幅度下的干湿循环试验,利用图像处理技术从试样表面裂隙图像中提取出裂隙参数,并进行低应力下的抗剪强度试验。试验结果表明:1)裂隙开展分为裂隙酝酿期、裂隙快速传播期和裂隙平稳发展期3个阶段,裂隙指标的增长主要集中在裂隙快速传播期,且循环幅度的增大会使土体的开裂程度加剧;2)在干湿循环作用下,膨胀土的内摩擦角变化幅度小于2.2°,其受干湿循环次数的影响很小,土体的强度衰减主要源于粘聚力的大幅降低。膨胀土的粘聚力呈现出先快后缓的衰减趋势,其中前4次干湿循环期间粘聚力的衰减率达到50.97%～66.92%,且衰减率也与干湿循环幅度的大小密切相关;3)通过灰色关联度分析发现,粘聚力的衰减与裂隙面积率、裂隙总长度、裂隙平均宽度的变化趋势具有明显的关联性,其中裂隙面积率的关联度最大,其与粘聚力衰减率间的关联度为0.785～0.832,相应的权重达到0.461～0.472,且裂隙面积率与粘聚力衰减率间具有较好的线性关系,而裂隙平均宽度的关联度最小,其与粘聚力衰减率间的关联度为0.392～0.414,对应的权重仅为0.228～0.240。研究成果可为进一步揭示剧烈温湿变化诱发的膨胀土边坡灾变机理提供重要依据。  相似文献   

松辽平原盐碱土含盐量的遥感反演研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王耿明  李达  王忠忠  邢宇 《水土保持研究》2009,16(3)

通过对Aster遥感影像前9个波段的相关系数、标准差和诊断指数的分析,发现Aster遥感影像1,2,3波段的土壤反射率对土壤含盐量最为敏感.利用Aster遥感影像1,2,3波段作为自变量,盐碱土含盐量作为因变量进行逐步回归分析,建立土壤反射率数据与土壤含盐量数据之间的统计模型,利用决策树分类将地物分成5类,反演得到研究区盐碱土含盐量的空间分布图.研究发现,基于统计模型的遥感反演效果较好,具有一定的参考和应用价值.  相似文献   

Hexavalent Chromium Removal by Candida sp. in a Concentric Draft-Tube Airlift Bioreactor     

Flor de María Guillén-Jiménez  Alma Rosa Netzahuatl-Muñoz  Liliana Morales-Barrera  Eliseo Cristiani-Urbina 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,204(1-4):43-51

The main purpose of this work was to conduct a kinetic study on cell growth and hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] removal by Candida sp. FGSFEP in a concentric draft-tube airlift bioreactor. The yeast was batch-cultivated in a 5.2-l airlift bioreactor containing culture medium with an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 1.5 mM. The maximum specific growth rate of Candida sp. FGSFEP in the airlift bioreactor was 0.0244 h^?1, which was 71.83% higher than that obtained in flasks. The yeast strain was capable of reducing 1.5 mM Cr(VI) completely and exhibited a high volumetric rate [1.64 mg Cr(VI) l^?1 h^?1], specific rate [0.95 mg Cr(VI) g^?1 biomass h^?1] and capacity [44.38 mg Cr(VI) g^?1 biomass] of Cr(VI) reduction in the airlift bioreactor, with values higher than those obtained in flasks. Therefore, culture of Candida sp. FGSFEP in a concentric draft-tube airlift bioreactor could be a promising technological alternative for the aerobic treatment of Cr(VI)-contaminated industrial effluents.  相似文献