Contribution of promoter to tissue-specific expression of the mouse immunoglobulin kappa gene   总被引：26，自引：0，他引：26  

T V Gopal  T Shimada  A W Baur  A W Nienhuis 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,229(4718):1102-1104

The immunoglobulin kappa (kappa) gene promoter was activated by a "neutral" enhancer derived from Harvey murine sarcoma virus (HaMuSV) in immunoglobulin-producing myeloma cells, regardless of the enhancer's orientation or position in the vector. In one fibroblast line (3T3) the immunoglobulin kappa gene promoter was completely inactive when linked to the HaMuSV enhancer, whereas in mouse L cells, promoter activity was observed only with the HaMuSV enhancer in tandem with the immunoglobulin kappa gene promoter. The differential behavior of the gene promoter, when activated by a neutral enhancer in these three murine cell lines, suggests that promoter sequences contribute to the tissue-specific expression of this gene.  相似文献   

PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CADMIUM EXPOSURE AND METAL ACCUMULATION IN SUNFLOWER     

Rajeev Gopal  Nirmala Nautiyal 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1616-1624

The phytotoxicity imposed by cadmium (Cd) in sunflower was investigated on biomass, Cd accumulation, superoxide and lipid peroxidation product as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase. Plants accumulate substantial amount of Cd in different parts, the maximum being in roots, i.e., up to 820 μg g^?1 dry matter. Cadmium induced oxidative stress, indicated by increase in lipid peroxidation and superoxide content with increase in metal supply. Under Cd stress, the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase declined to a greater extent in roots than in leaves. Even though the peroxidase activity increased in leaves, a decreasing trend was observed in root due to Cd stress. The threshold of toxicity (10% growth reduction) and toxicity (33% growth reduction) values of Cd in sunflower were 14 and 72 μg g^?1 in leaves, 19 and 90 μg g^?1 in stem and 65 and 250 μg g^?1 Cd in roots, respectively.  相似文献   

Repeatability of Progeny Mean, Combining Ability, Heterosis and Heterobeltiosis in Early Generations of a Potato Breeding Programme     

Raj Kumar  J. Gopal 《Potato Research》2006,49(2):131-141

Thirty-three populations of Andigena potatoes developed by 11 × 3 (line × tester) mating were studied from seedling to third clonal generations for number of tubers, average tuber weight, tuber yield, plant vigour, predominant tuber shape, predominant tuber size and uniformity in tuber shape, uniformity in tuber size and uniformity in tuber colour. Inter-generation correlation coefficients for progeny means, general combining ability, specific combining ability, heterosis and heterobeltiosis were computed for various characters. Magnitude of inter-generation correlation coefficients showed that various parameters for uniformity in tuber shape, uniformity in tuber size, uniformity in tuber colour, predominant tuber shape and predominant tuber size could be reliably estimated in early generations starting from the seedling generation. The parameters for tuber yield, average tuber weight and tuber number could only be reliably estimated from second clonal generation onward. Repeatability of progeny means showed that negative selection for tuber yield and average tuber weight could be initiated from first clonal generation and for tuber number from second clonal generation. Plant vigour was found to be a highly inconsistent character.  相似文献   

Assay of some nutritional and antinutritional factors in different cultivars of winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC) seeds     

P. S. Misra  Gopal Misra  Dhan Prakash  R. D. Tripathi  A. R. Chaudhary  P. N. Misra 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1987,36(4):367-371

Seed of 34 cultivars of winged bean of different origin were evaluated for their nutritional composition and the antinutritional factor, the trypsin inhibitor. The values ranged from 14.1–17.6, 6.12–8.73, 21.94–34.89 and 30.86–39.05% for their fat, fibre, carbohydrate and protein contents, respectively. The protein content in defatted seed meal ranged from 33.43–47.25%, whereas the trypsin inhibitor activity (TIA) registered a wide variation from 63–123 mg g^?1 with seed coat and 51–98 mg g^?1 without seed coat. The strain selection-12 and NBRI selection contained the minimum TIA (63 mg g^?1), while the highest value (123 mg g^?1) was in variety V7, a 2-fold higher activity.  相似文献   

Genotypic variation and trait relationships for morphological and physiological traits among new switchgrass populations     

Raghuveer Sripathi  Vijaya Gopal Kakani  Yanqi Wu 《Euphytica》2013,191(3):437-453

Evaluation of potential switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) breeding populations for biomass and underlying traits that determine high biomass are critical for further genetic improvement. Therefore, the objective of this research was to assess genetic variation for biomass, morphological, and physiological traits among 19 new synthetics. Simultaneous pot and field experiments were established to evaluate biomass, tiller, and phytomer based morphological and physiological traits. Data were analyzed with principle component analysis (PCA) and path coefficient analysis to screen the experimental populations and quantify trait interactions for target traits. The Northern lowland (NL) synthetic, NL 94 C2-3 produced 13 and 10.3 % more biomass plant^?1 than the check (Alamo) in pot and field experiments, respectively. The southern lowland (SL) synthetic SL 93 C2-2 had 7 % more photosynthesis capacity than Alamo and seasonal photosynthesis was higher in SL populations. The PCA was able to discriminate lowland and upland populations for morphological traits, but was unclear for physiological traits. The path analysis results showed strongest correlation between biomass and plant height (r = 0.76*** pot study in greenhouse and r = 0.82*** field experiment), also plant height had the most direct effect on biomass with path coefficients of 1.32 and 0.90 in greenhouse and field experiments, respectively. Similarly, stomatal conductance (g _s ) had highest correlation (r = 0.8***) and strongest direct impact with path coefficient of 1.93 on photosynthesis (P _n ). Ample genetic variation was evidenced among switchgrass populations for evaluated traits indicating the genetic potential to advance the switchgrass populations for performance and adaptation in a wider geographic and environmental range.  相似文献   

Preparation and characterization of nylon-6/gelatin composite nanofibers via electrospinning for biomedical applications     

Gopal Panthi  Nasser A. M. Barakat  Prabodh Risal  Ayman Yousef  Bishweshwar Pant  Afeesh R. Unnithan  Hak Yong Kim 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(5):718-723

Easy fabrication, porosity, good mechanical properties, and composition controllable of the electrospun nanofiber mat make this material a promising candidate for wound dressing applications. In the present study, nylon6/gelatin electrospun nanofiber mats are introduced as novel wound dressing materials. The introduced mats were synthesized by electrospinning of nylon6 and gelatin mixtures, three mats containing different gelatin content were prepared; 10, 20 and 30 wt%. Interestingly, addition of the gelatin did not affect the mechanical properties of the nylon 6, moreover the mat containing 10 wt% gelatin revealed higher mechanical properties due to formation of spider-net like structure from very thin nanofibers (～10 nm diameter) bonding the main nanofibers. Biologically study indicates that gelatin incorporation strongly enhances the bioactivity performance as increasing the gelatin content linearly increases the MC3T3-E1 cell attachment. Overall, the obtained results recommend exploiting the introduced mats as wound dressing material.  相似文献   

Estimates of (co)variance components and genetic parameters for growth traits of Avikalin sheep   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Leslie Leo L. Prince  Gopal R. Gowane  Ashish Chopra  Amrit L. Arora 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(6):1093-1101

(Co)variance components and genetic parameters for various growth traits of Avikalin sheep maintained at Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan, India, were estimated by Restricted Maximum Likelihood, fitting six animal models with various combinations of direct and maternal effects. Records of 3,840 animals descended from 257 sires and 1,194 dams were taken for this study over a period of 32 years (1977–2008). Direct heritability estimates (from best model as per likelihood ratio test) for weight at birth, weaning, 6 and 12 months of age, and average daily gain from birth to weaning, weaning to 6 months, and 6 to 12 months were 0.28 ± 0.03, 0.20 ± 0.03, 0.28 ± 0.07, 0.15 ± 0.04, 0.21 ± 0.03, 0.16 and 0.03 ± 0.03, respectively. Maternal heritability for traits declined as animal grows older and it was not at all evident at adult age and for post-weaning daily gain. Maternal permanent environmental effect (c ²) declined significantly with advancement of age of animal. A small effect of c ² on post-weaning weights was probably a carryover effect of pre-weaning maternal influence. A significant large negative genetic correlation was observed between direct and maternal genetic effects for all the traits, indicating antagonistic pleiotropy, which needs special care while formulating breeding plans. A fair rate of genetic progress seems possible in the flock by selection for all traits, but direct and maternal genetic correlation needs to be taken in to consideration.  相似文献   

Salinity Preference of Two Diatoms and Their Growth Performance in Three Prepared and Two Alternative On-Farm Media Sources     

M. A. Kabir Chowdhury  Nani Gopal Das  Ehab El-Haroun  Manik Lal Bose 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):93-107

ABSTRACT

Salinity and preferred nutrient composition of Chaetoceros affinis and Skeletonema costatum were tested. Salinity was tested at 12, 16, 23, 28, and 32 ppt. Three compositions of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and two on-farm low-cost alternative media sources, cow urine (CU) and hatchery waste water (HWW), were tested to find the suitable NPK ratio and to determine the efficacy of the on-farm media respectively. Chaetoceros affinis preferred 23 ppt salinity, while Skeletonema costatum preferred both 28 and 32 ppt. Among the NPK treatments, higher cell density was observed in 4:1:1 followed by 4:2:1 ratios. Significant differences in maximum cell density of both species were observed in the NPK treatments while only S. costatum showed significant difference in CU and HWW.  相似文献   

Effect of Vibrio Bacterial Product CIBASTIM Administration on Productivity in Commercial Tiger Shrimp Penaeus monodon Culture Ponds in Gujarat     

Haresh G. Solanki  Jaimin H. Bhatt  C. Gopal  Prasanna K. Patil  S. M. Pillai 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):107-112

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an immunostimulant product prepared from vibrio bacterial components on production of Penaeus monodon culture in five commercial shrimp farmer’s ponds in the Navsari district of Gujarat. The product was administered at the concentration of 2 × 10⁸ cfu/kg pelleted feed as top dressing using a commercial binder for two consecutive days in a week. In general, we observed improvement of up to 33.33% in average body weight, up to 44.83% in survival rate, up to 11.11% in FCR, and up to 50.00% in production per ha over untreated control ponds on the same farm. Administration of this vibrio bacterial product could improve shrimp production in Gujarat.  相似文献   

Rapid and convenient gel‐free screening of SCAR markers in wheat using SYBR green‐based melt‐profiling          下载免费PDF全文

Gautam Vishwakarma  Ajay Saini  Bikram Kishore Das  Suresh Gopal Bhagwat  Narendra Jawali 《Plant Breeding》2016,135(6):643-653

Sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers that are highly desirable in crop breeding for marker‐assisted selection (MAS) are routinely analysed by gel‐based methods that are low‐throughput, time‐consuming and laborious. In this study, we showed a rapid and convenient method for analysis of SCAR markers in a gel‐free manner. Seven SCAR markers, linked to rust resistance genes (Sr24, Sr26 and Sr31) and seed quality traits (Pina, Pinb and Glu‐D1) in wheat (Triticum aestivum), were amplified on a real‐time PCR machine using custom reaction mixture. Subsequently, melting curve analysis was performed, to assess the specificity of amplicons. Using the amplicon‐specific melt‐profiles, the presence/absence of SCAR markers was analysed in fifteen genotypes and five F₂ populations. Unlike the fluorescence‐based in‐tube detection methods, the present method used the amplicon‐specific melt‐profiles to evaluate the status of the SCAR markers, thus eliminating the need for gel‐based analysis. Results also showed feasibility of multiplex analysis of two markers with well‐separated melting profiles. Overall, the approach is a rapid, convenient and cost‐effective method for high‐throughput screening of SCAR markers.  相似文献