Microalgae Schizochytrium sp. as a source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA): Effects on diet digestibility,oxidation and palatability and on immunity and inflammatory indices in dogs     

Camilla Mariane Menezes Souza  Daniele Cristina de Lima  Taís Silvino Bastos  Simone Gisele de Oliveira  Breno Castello Branco Beiro  Ananda Portella Flix 《Animal Science Journal》2019,90(12):1567-1574

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the microalgae Schizochytrium sp., as a dietary source of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), on diet palatability, coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients and metabolizable energy (ME), blood variables and indicators of immunity in dogs. We also evaluated oxidative stability. Two diets containing 0 and 0.4% of microalgae Schizochytrium sp. were evaluated in three experiments. On Experiment I the palatability of diets containing 0% versus 0.4% microalgae was compared. In Experiment II test diets were offered for 30 days to determine digestibility, fecal characteristics, and blood parameters. In Experiment III, the oxidative stability of diets containing microalgae versus anchovy oil was evaluated. There was a higher intake ratio of the diet containing microalgae (p < .05). The ME and CTTAD of nutrients increased (p < .05), except for ether extract after acid hydrolysis, with the inclusion of the microalgae in diet. The amount of monocytes and phagocytic granulocytes was higher (p < .05) in dogs fed 0.4% microalgae. There was greater oxidative stability for the sample containing microalgae. The addition of 0.4% microalgae presented high palatability, increased phagocytic cell numbers, and demonstrated oxidative stability superior to anchovy oil.  相似文献   

Luteal vascularity and embryo dynamics in mares during early gestation: Effect of age and endometrial degeneration     

Jair Camargo Ferreira  Yatta Linhares Boakari  Noeme Sousa Rocha  Fernanda Saules Igncio  Guilherme Barbosa da Costa  Cezinande de Meira 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2019,54(3):571-579

The present study characterized the luteal status and the dynamic of the conceptus during the first 20 days of gestation in mares with different ages and degrees of endometrial degeneration. Total area of the corpus luteum (CL), luteal vascularity, CL area with blood signals, progesterone concentrations (P4), embryonic vesicle diameter, number of embryonic location changes, embryonic fixation position and uterine contractility were evaluated. In Experiment 1, mares ≤6 years of age (Young group, 5.6 ± 0.2 years, n = 7 mares) and mares ≥15 years of age (Old group, 17.2 ± 0.9 years, n = 6 mares) were used to investigate the effect of age. In Experiment 2, the luteal and embryonic parameters were compared between mares with minimal (Mild group, endometrial category I, n = 9 mares) and severe (Severe group, endometrial category III, n = 7 mares) endometrial degeneration. The Old and Severe groups had greater (p ≤ 0.04) total CL area and reduced luteal vascularity (p ≤ 0.04) than the Young and Mild groups, respectively. However, P4 levels and CL area with blood signals were similar (p ≥ 0.8) between the groups. A negative effect of age (p < 0.01), but not of endometrial degeneration (p = 0.6), was found for the embryonic vesicle diameter. The conceptus mobility was high (p > 0.1) until day 14 of gestation in the Severe group, while a reduced number of changes of the embryo location was detected earlier (p < 0.05) in the Old group. In conclusion, the newly formed CL of aged mares and mares with severe endometrial degeneration suffered a structural remodelling to safeguard the local blood supply and the continuous P4 output during early gestation. Moreover, an earlier reduction of the embryonic mobility and a delayed development of the conceptus were associated with advanced age, regardless of the degree of endometrial degeneration.  相似文献   

Diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in Santa Inês and Morada Nova sheep in southeastern Brazil     

Luiz Francisco Zafalon  Raul Costa Mascarenhas Santana  Lucas Eduardo Pilon  Guilherme Aparecido Fim Júnior 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(5):967-972

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Ovarian responses of dairy buffalo cows to timed artificial insemination protocol,using new or used progesterone devices,during the breeding season (autumn–winter)          下载免费PDF全文

Bruno Moura Monteiro  Diego Cavalcante de Souza  Guilherme Souza Floriano Machado Vasconcellos  Thalita Bueno Corrêa  Domenico Vecchio  Manoel Francisco de Sá Filho  Nelcio Antonio Tonizza de Carvalho  Pietro Sampaio Baruselli 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(1):13-20

This study evaluated the effect of new or used P4 devices on the ovarian responses of dairy buffalo that were administered an estradiol (E2) plus progesterone (P4)‐based timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol during the breeding season. On the first day of the TAI protocol, 142 cows were randomly assigned to receive one of the following: a new device (New; 1.0 g of P4; n = 48); a device that had previously been used for 9 days (Used1x, n = 47); or a device that had previously been used for 18 days (Used2x, n = 47). Ultrasound was used to evaluate the following: the presence of a corpus luteum (CL); the diameter of the dominant follicle (ØDF) during protocol; ovulatory response; and pregnancies per AI (P/AI). Despite similar responses among the treatments, there was a significant positive association of the ØDF during TAI protocol with ovulatory responses and number of pregnancies. In conclusion, satisfactory ovarian responses and a satisfactory pregnancy rate were achieved when grazing dairy buffalo were subjected to the TAI protocol in breeding season, independent of whether a new or used P4 device was used. Furthermore, the presence of the larger follicle was associated with a higher ovulation rate and higher P/AI following TAI.  相似文献   

Conjunctival effects of canine distemper virus-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca     

Denize E. de Almeida  Cristina Roveratti†  Fábio L. C. Brito‡  Guilherme S. Godoy§  Juan C. M. Duque¶  Gervásio H. Bechara  José L. Laus† 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(4):211-215

Objective  This study compared the histopathology of canine distemper virus (CDV)-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) to non-infectious KCS in conjunctival tissues.
Animals studied  Forty mongrel dogs were assigned to three distinct groups: (i) non-infectious KCS (G1, n  = 10), (ii) CDV-induced KCS (G2, n  = 20), and (iii) healthy animals without any ocular alterations (G3, n  = 10).
Procedure  IgG titers and physical and ophthalmic examinations (e.g. Schirmer tear test [STT], tonometry, biomicroscopy, indirect biomicroscopy, and fluorescein test) were performed on all dogs. Conjunctival biopsies were collected and examined microscopically.
Results  Non-infectious and CDV-induced KCS demonstrated similar histopathological changes. Both types of KCS correlated with low STT, conjunctival hyperemia, mucopurulent ocular discharge, predominant lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, and acantholysis and keratinization of the ocular surface. G1 had lower conjunctival goblet cell counts than G3. Inclusion bodies were sporadically found in conjunctival samples of dogs from G2. The severity of ocular lesions in G1 and G2 did not correlate with the histopathological findings.
Conclusions  Dogs with non-infectious and CDV-induced KCS had very similar conjunctival histopathology. Our findings suggest that the pathophysiology of CDV-induced KCS is likely to be the same as non-infectious KCS, that is, a result of lacrimal deficiency and inflammation of the ocular surface.  相似文献   

Stimulating<Emphasis Type="Italic">Orobanche ramosa</Emphasis> seed germination with an<Emphasis Type="Italic">Ascophyllum nodosum</Emphasis> extract     

G. Economou  D. Lyra  K. Sotirakoglou  K. Fasseas  P. Taradilis 《Phytoparasitica》2007,35(4):367-375

Algit Super®, an extract ofAscophyllum nodosum, was found to be an effective stimulant for the germination ofOrobanche ramosa seeds. The biological activity of Algit Super® was tested at a wide range of concentrations from 2.5 v/v to 1.2 × 10^?3 v/v. The seed germination in all studiedO. ramosa populations showed a concentration dependence, with an inhibitory effect at higher concentrations. The response ofO. ramosa to Algit Super® resembled its response to the reference stimulant GR24. VariousO. ramosa populations demonstrated differential response to the stimulant.  相似文献   

Heat tolerance in Brazilian sheep: Physiological and blood parameters   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Concepta McManus  Giane Regina Paludo  Helder Louvandini  Rosilene Gugel  Luiz Cláudio Bastos Sasaki  Samuel Rezende Paiva 《Tropical animal health and production》2009,41(1):95-101

Thirty Santa Ines adult, non-lactating, non-pregnant ewes, ten with a brown coat, ten black coated and ten white coated, as well as ten Bergamasca and ten of mixed breed were used to evaluate the effect of climate on physiological and blood parameters in sheep. Two sample collections were taken (6 am and 2 pm) on six days. Sweating rate (SR), heart (HR) and breathing rates (BR), complete hemogram, rectal (RT) and skin temperatures (ST) were measured. Variance analyses were carried out using SAS®. In general, there were significant differences between animals due to skin type, time and day of collection. White coated animals showed lower HR, BR and RT, with afternoon parameters higher than morning. Correlations between HR, BR, RT, SR and ST were medium and positive. Correlations between physiological and blood traits were in general negative and medium. Packed Cell Volume (PCV), total plasma proteins, red blood cell count and hemoglobin concentration had high positive correlations between each other. The first two autovectors explained 49% of variation between traits. White coated Santa Ines animals were shown to be better adapted to climatic conditions in Central Brazil and wool sheep more affected by heat.  相似文献   

Stress Induced by Heavy Metals Cd and Pb in Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Grown in Nutrient Solution     

Marcele G. Cannata  Ruy Carvalho  Amanda S. Augusto  Ana Rosa R. Bastos  Matheus P. Freitas 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(4):497-508

The increasing number of cases of soil contamination by heavy metals has affected crop yields, and represents an imminent risk to food. Some of these contaminants, such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), are very similar to micronutrients, and thus can be absorbed by plants. This study evaluated the translocation of increasing amounts of cadmium and lead and the effects of these metals in the production of beans. Bean plants were grown in nutrient solution Clark and subjected to increasing levels of Cd (from 0 to 0.5 mg L^?1) and Pb (from 0 to 10 mg L^?1). Cadmium concentration of 0.1 mg L^?1 translocated 39.8% to the shoot, and dry matter production was reduced by 45% in shoots and 80% in roots, compared to the control treatment. Lead showed impaired movement in the plant, however the concentration of 1.0 mg L^?1 was observed in 5.7% of metal translocation to the leaves. The concentration of 10 mg L^?1 Pb reduced dry matter production of roots and shoots in 83% and 76%, respectively, compared to the control treatment.  相似文献   

Evaluation of cardiac rhythm in dogs treated with levamisole hydrochloride using 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography     

Rodrigo B Nogueira DVM  MS  Michiko Sakate DVM  MS  PhD  Beatriz B Matsubara MD  MS  PhD  Renato de Souza Gonalves MD  Guilherme J Magalhes Rosa BS  MS  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Cardiology》2003,5(2):29-32

The objective of this study was to evaluate the electrocardiographic alterations in the cardiac rhythm in dogs treated with levamisole hydrochloride over a period of 24 hours. Thirty-six mixed-breed dogs, both male and female, all clinically healthy, were used in the experiment. The dogs were divided into 6 groups with 6 dogs in each group, according to dosage and route of administration. The Holter test was initiated immediately after the treatment, and was maintained for 24 hours. In the group treated with 10 mg/kg by way of subcutaneous injection, one of them showed ventricular premature complexes, sometimes isolated and other times in pairs, and ventricular tachycardia, concentrated mainly in the first hour after administration of the drug. In the group of 6 animals treated subcutaneously with 25mg/kg, four showed isolated ventricular premature complexes, ventricular bigeminy and trigeminy, mainly during the first 2 hours after administration of the drug. All the animals in the other groups showed sinus arrhythmia followed by sinus arrest. The disturbances in the cardiac rhythm observed in clinically healthy animals treated with levamisole hydrochloride, indicate that it is preferable to avoid subcutaneous administration of levamisole hydrochloride and that the oral administration of the drug should be done with caution.  相似文献   

Untrafficked furrowed seedbed sustains soil physical quality in sugarcane mechanized fields     

Leandro Carneiro Barbosa  Paulo Sérgio Graziano Magalhães  Ricardo Oliveira Bordonal  Maurício Roberto Cherubin  Guilherme Adalberto Castioni  João Rossi Neto  Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco  João Luís Nunes Carvalho 《European Journal of Soil Science》2021,72(5):2150-2164

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