Laser-induced fluorescence imaging method to monitor citrus greening disease   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Fabíola Manhas Verbi Pereira  Débora Marcondes Bastos Pereira Milori  Edenir Rodrigues Pereira-Filho  André Leonardo Venâncio  Mariana de Sá Tavares Russo  Marcelo Camponez do Brasil Cardinali  Polyana Kelly Martins  Juliana Freitas-Astúa 《Computers and Electronics in Agriculture》2011,79(1):90-93

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Effect of different live food on survival and growth of first feeding barber goby,Elacatinus figaro (Sazima,Moura & Rosa 1997) larvae     

Guilherme de F Côrtes  Mônica Y Tsuzuki 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(6):831-834

One of the major challenges in marine fish culture is how to provide live food of adequate size and nutritional quality for first‐feeding larvae. Commonly used live food organisms, rotifers and brine shrimp, may not always be the best option. To determine the suitability of different zooplankton in the larviculture of Elacatinus figaro, three diets were tested: RE – rotifers Brachionus sp. (10 ind mL^?1)+ciliate Euplotes sp. (10 ind mL^?1), enriched with fatty acids; RC – enriched rotifers (10 ind mL^?1)+wild copepod nauplii (10 ind mL^?1); and R – enriched rotifers (20 ind mL^?1). Survival rates were estimated 10 days after hatch (DAH) for the three test groups, and growth rates were evaluated for RE and R at 10 and 20 DAH. Although survival rate was numerically higher for the RC diet (41.1±14.2%), no significant difference was detected between groups fed RE (20.5±18.1%), RC or R (32.1±16.5%). At 10 DAH, the growth rate was significantly higher in RC (5.7±0.6 mm) than in R (4.6±0.5 mm), a trend that was also observed at 20 DAH for RC (8.6±0.5 mm) and R (5.8±0.7 mm) (P<0.05). E. figaro larvae fed on ciliates did not show satisfactory results, whereas feeding copepod nauplii enhanced growth.  相似文献   

Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the fecundity of the Amazon river prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862)     

Karina Ribeiro  Irene Bastos Franceschini‐Vicentini  Luciene Patrici Papa  Michael B. New  Wagner C. Valenti 《Aquaculture Research》2012,43(12):1756-1763

Effects of the ratio of dietary fatty acids, namely n‐3 (mainly long chain polyunsaturated – LC‐PUFA) to n‐6 PUFA on the fecundity of Macrobrachium amazonicum were evaluated. In T1, the diet had equal and low levels of dietary n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acids (6 mg g^?1). In T2, the concentration of n‐3 (6 mg g^?1) was a half of the concentration of the n‐6 (12 mg g^?1), and in T3, the diet had equal and high concentrations of n‐3 and n‐6 (12 mg g^?1). Females with ovaries in stages I, III and V were collected. Higher gonadosomatic index (GSI) (6.89%) was observed in females in ovarian stage V than at other ovarian stages; however, the hepatosomatic index (HIS) showed high values in all females with ovaries in the stage III. A ratio of 1:2 n‐3:n‐6 fatty acids increased the GSI of mature females and the number of eggs spawned. Raising the level of both n‐3 and n‐6 fatty acids from ~0.6% to ~1.2% of the diet did not produce any effect on the GSI or on fecundity, suggesting that the ratio is more important than the absolute value of these two families of fatty acids.  相似文献   

Structural characterization and anti-HSV-1 and HSV-2 activity of glycolipids from the marine algae Osmundaria obtusiloba isolated from Southeastern Brazilian coast     

de Souza LM  Sassaki GL  Romanos MT  Barreto-Bergter E 《Marine drugs》2012,10(4):918-931

Glycolipids were extracted from the red alga Osmundaria obtusiloba from Southeastern Brazilian coast. The acetone insoluble material was extracted with chloroform/methanol and the lipids, enriched in glycolipids, were fractionated on a silica gel column eluted with chloroform, acetone and then methanol. Three major orcinol-positive bands were found in the acetone and methanol fractions, being detected by thin layer chromatography. The structures of the corresponding glycolipids were elucidated by ESI-MS and (1)H/(13)C NMR analysis, on the basis of their tandem-MS behavior and HSQC, TOCSY fingerprints. For the first time, the structure of sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol from the red alga Osmundaria obtusiloba was characterized. This molecule exhibited potent antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 with EC(50) values of 42 μg/mL to HSV-1 and 12 μg/mL to HSV-2, respectively. Two other glycolipids, mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerol, were also found in the alga, being characterized by ESI-MS/MS. The structural elucidation of algae glycolipids is a first step for a better understanding of the relation between these structures and their biological activities.  相似文献   

Does the Use of Chitosan Contribute to Oxalate Kidney Stone Formation?     

Moacir Fernandes Queiroz  Karoline Rachel Teodosio Melo  Diego Araujo Sabry  Guilherme Lanzi Sassaki  Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha 《Marine drugs》2015,13(1):141-158

Chitosan is widely used in the biomedical field due its chemical and pharmacological properties. However, intake of chitosan results in renal tissue accumulation of chitosan and promotes an increase in calcium excretion. On the other hand, the effect of chitosan on the formation of calcium oxalate crystals (CaOx) has not been described. In this work, we evaluated the antioxidant capacity of chitosan and its interference in the formation of CaOx crystals in vitro. Here, the chitosan obtained commercially had its identity confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. In several tests, this chitosan showed low or no antioxidant activity. However, it also showed excellent copper-chelating activity. In vitro, chitosan acted as an inducer mainly of monohydrate CaOx crystal formation, which is more prevalent in patients with urolithiasis. We also observed that chitosan modifies the morphology and size of these crystals, as well as changes the surface charge of the crystals, making them even more positive, which can facilitate the interaction of these crystals with renal cells. Chitosan greatly influences the formation of crystals in vitro, and in vivo analyses should be conducted to assess the risk of using chitosan.  相似文献   

The ultrastructural evaluation of digestive cells in the hepatopancreas of the Amazon River prawn,Macrobrachium amazonicum          下载免费PDF全文

Karina Ribeiro  Luciene Patrici Papa  Carlos Alberto Vicentini  Irene Bastos Franceschini‐Vicentini 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1251-1259

The Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum is endemic to tropical South America and is being intensively exploited by artisanal fisheries in Brazil. Limited information is available about the nutritional requirements of M. amazonicum, although the production of this species is now technically feasible. The digestive process in this species is still unclear and investigation into the digestive cells of its hepatopancreatic epithelium is required. Thus, the hepatopancreas from 15 specimens were fixed in Karnovsky Solution and processed for Transmission Electron Microscopy. Our results indicate that E cells are located at the distal portion of the hepatopancreatic tubule and are involved in mitotic activity. The cylindrical R cells are sparse and are only found in the proximal portion of the hepatopancreatic tubule. According to its ultrastructural characteristics, this cell is involved in pinocytosis. M cells are generally found near the R cells. The F cells are scattered throughout the length of the hepatopancreatic tubules, and B cells are observed mainly in the proximal and middle regions. F cells and B cells are likely related to, respectively, the synthesis of enzymes and the intracelular digestion. R‐ and M cells are probably related to material storage. Thus, these findings provide basic information on the cell types that perform protein digestion in M. amazonicum, and will be useful in further nutritional research. The identification and characterization of digestive cells is an important step towards understanding the digestive mechanisms.  相似文献   

Coati (Nasua nasua) Attacks on Humans: Case Report     

Guilherme Canho Bittner  Nelise Ritter Hans  Günter Hans Neto  Monique Oliveira Morais  Günter Hans Filho  Vidal Haddad 《The Forestry Chronicle》2010,21(4):349-352

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Chlorogenic acid protects paraoxonase 1 activity in high density lipoprotein from inactivation caused by physiological concentrations of hypochlorite     

Alejandro Gugliucci  Deborah H. Markowicz Bastos 《Fitoterapia》2009

We hypothesized that chlorogenic acids, the main phenolics in coffee, many fruits and Ilex paraguariensis extracts, protect paraoxonase 1 activity in HDL from inactivation by chlorination at concentrations of HOCl (50 μM) and chlorogenic acid (2–10 μM) compatible with those found in humans.  相似文献   

Effect of the integrated livestock–forest system on recovery of trichostrongylid nematode infective larvae from sheep     

Eduardo Ferreira Faria  Luciano Bastos Lopes  Daniela dos Reis Krambeck  Douglas dos Santos Pina  Artur Kanadani Campos 《Agroforestry Systems》2016,90(2):305-311

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Orbital cellulitis associated with Toxocara canis in a dog     

Laus JL  Canola JC  Mamede FV  Almeida DE  Godoy GS  Oliveira CJ  Pontin K  Albuquerque S  Alessi AC 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2003,6(4):333-336

Reports of Toxocara canis ocular larva migrans are uncommon in animals, with only a few cases reported. Most reports involve larval migration into the retina and choroid, with parasitic invasion of the orbit reported only in experimental studies. This is the first clinical case of Toxocara canis infection in the retrobulbar region of a 10-year-old, cross-bred male dog presenting with unilateral orbital cellulitis. Ophthalmic signs included protrusion of the nictitating membrane, chemosis, exophthalmos and hypertropia. The parasite was diagnosed by histologic and parasitologic examination of orbital tissues, which were removed during enucleation.  相似文献