Orbital cellulitis associated with Toxocara canis in a dog     

Laus JL  Canola JC  Mamede FV  Almeida DE  Godoy GS  Oliveira CJ  Pontin K  Albuquerque S  Alessi AC 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2003,6(4):333-336

Reports of Toxocara canis ocular larva migrans are uncommon in animals, with only a few cases reported. Most reports involve larval migration into the retina and choroid, with parasitic invasion of the orbit reported only in experimental studies. This is the first clinical case of Toxocara canis infection in the retrobulbar region of a 10-year-old, cross-bred male dog presenting with unilateral orbital cellulitis. Ophthalmic signs included protrusion of the nictitating membrane, chemosis, exophthalmos and hypertropia. The parasite was diagnosed by histologic and parasitologic examination of orbital tissues, which were removed during enucleation.  相似文献   

Caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE). Occurence of positive sera in goats raised in Brazil     

M. Garcia  M. Galhardo  W. P. Araujo  J. L. D’Angelino  P. S. Bastos  A. J. Rossini 《Tropical animal health and production》1992,24(3):164-164

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Co-circulation of two genetically distinct viruses in an outbreak of African swine fever in Mozambique: no evidence for individual co-infection   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Bastos AD  Penrith ML  Macome F  Pinto F  Thomson GR 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,103(3-4):169-182

In 1998, domestic pigs originating from villages within a 40 km radius of Ulongwe in the northern Tete Province of Mozambique were held in a quarantine facility for a 3-month period prior to their importation into South Africa. Eight of a total of 25 pigs died within the first 3 weeks of quarantine of what appeared clinically and on post mortem examination to be African swine fever (ASF). Organs were collected and preserved in formol-glycerosaline and the presence of ASF virus in these specimens was confirmed by three independent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Two gene regions were characterised, namely the C-terminus end of the major immunodominant protein VP72 and the central variable region (CVR) of the 9RL open reading frame (ORF). Results confirmed the presence of two genetically distinct viruses circulating simultaneously within a single outbreak focus. However, despite the pigs being housed within the same facility, no evidence of co-infection was observed within individual animals. Comparison of the two 1998 virus variants with viruses causing historical outbreaks of the disease in Mozambique revealed that these viruses belong to two distinct genotypes which are unrelated to viruses causing outbreaks between 1960 and 1994. In addition, the CVR and p72 gene regions of one of the 1998 Mozambique virus variants (variant-40) was shown to be identical to the virus recovered from an ASF outbreak in Madagascar in the same year, whilst the other (variant-92) was identical to a 1988 pig isolate from Zambia.  相似文献   

Activity of the Pinus elliottii resin compounds against Lernaea cyprinacea in vitro     

Tóro RM  Gessner AA  Furtado NA  Ceccarelli PS  de Albuquerque S  Bastos JK 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,118(1-2):143-149

Lernaea cyprinacea infestation is a major problem for fishing culture in Brazil, which was introduced in the mid-eighties. To attempt controlling this parasite, an evaluation of the activity of the Pinus elliottii resin constituents against it was undertaken. To run the bioassay, fish infested with L. cyprinaceae were transferred to aquaria and kept at room temperature and ventilation for 15 days for adaptation. Afterwards, fish were sacrificed and the parasites were kept under water to run the experiments by evaluating the activities of the steamed oil and the chloroform fraction of the resin at concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 5.0 ppm. The crude resin was also evaluated at concentrations of 1.0, 5.0 and 10 ppm, as well as the major components of its steamed oil, alpha and beta-pinenes, both at concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 ppm. The results showed that both fractions from the resin were effective at 0.5 ppm concentration, while the pure compounds were less active. Moreover, the acute toxicity (DL(50)) of the crude resin for the fish Leptorinus piau, aged 1 month, was established at 200.0 ppm, which ensures its safe use.  相似文献   

Soil Classification and Carbon Storage in Cacao Agroforestry Farming Systems of Bahia,Brazil     

Quintino R. Araujo  Guilherme A. H. A. Loureiro  Sandoval O. Santana  Virupax C. Baligar 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(6):625-647

Information concerning the classification of soils and their properties under cacao agroforestry systems of the Atlantic rain forest biome region in the Southeast of Bahia, Brazil is largely unknown. Soil and climatic conditions in this region are favorable for high soil carbon storage. This study is aimed to classify soils under cacao agroforestry and further, to quantify carbon stocks in these soil profiles. Soil classification was performed, and the amount of C stored was estimated, based on the thickness of the soil horizons, their bulk density, and total organic carbon stored. In the sites studied under cacao, four general classes of soils were identified: Ultisols, Oxisols, Alfisols, and Inceptisols. Carbon stocks in these soil profiles showed wide variation, ranging from 719.24 to 2089.93 Mg ha^?1. Carbon stocks in soil surface and subsurface layers in different agroforestry systems with cacao (cacao cabruca, cacao?×?rubber tree, and cacao?×?erythrina) were comparable; however, total storage of organic C in these soils was higher than expected, compared to values reported for the International Soil Reference and Information Center (ISRIC), based on the FAO-UNESCO database, and were also higher than estimated regional soil data.  相似文献   

Identification of point mutations in a putative carboxylesterase and their association with acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)     

Baffi MA  de Souza GR  Vieira CU  de Sousa CS  Gourlart LR  Bonetti AM 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,148(3-4):301-309

Chemical control based on the use of pyrethroid and organophosphate compounds has selected resistant genotypes in populations of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Point mutations in esterase-encoding genes represent one of the main resistance mechanisms in this species. In this study, the PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism) technique was used to investigate the presence of mutations in a fragment of a putative carboxylesterase in a population of ticks with a history of resistance. The digestion of a fragment of 372 pb with EcoRI revealed three genotypes: W, H and M, observed in different frequencies. The homozygous wild-type genotype (W) was detected only in sensitive strains, with high frequency. The heterozygous genotype (H) was observed in all the strains, albeit with higher frequency in the strains with a moderate resistance, while the homozygous mutant genotype (M) was found only in the moderate resistant strain and resistant strains, with higher frequency in the resistant strains. A comparison of the sequences indicated the presence of other mutations, besides EcoRI polymorphism in the moderate resistant and resistant strains. Also found was the presence of stop codons generating truncated proteins in the sensitive and moderate resistant strains. A domain analysis revealed the presence of additional domains in the resistant strain. These findings suggest that different point mutations, as well as the influence of post-translational modification mechanisms, are altering the activity of the translated proteins and may be associated with resistance.  相似文献   

A serological study on Brucella abortus, caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus and Leptospira in dairy goats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil     

Lilenbaum W  de Souza GN  Ristow P  Moreira MC  Fráguas S  Cardoso Vda S  Oelemann WM 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(2):408-412

In spite of the large number of goats found in several developing tropical countries, milk production remains unsatisfactory. The occurrence of infectious diseases, such as leptospirosis, brucellosis and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAE) may in part be responsible for sub-optimal production. In this study, 1000 serum samples were tested for leptospirosis, 953 for brucellosis and 562 for CAE. All tested flocks presented at least one seroreactive animal for leptospirosis and for CAE. Reactivity to leptospirosis was 11.1%, and serovar hardjo was the most frequently found. Anti-B. abortus agglutinins were found in 0.5% of the samples presented and 14.1% were seroreactive to CAE. Leptospirosis was considered to represent the major infectious problem in the studied goat flocks. The occurrence of infectious diseases in the tested flocks may represent an important factor contributing to the decreased productivity of the animals. These findings may be similar to those observed in other developing countries and require further study to define the relationship between seropositivity and reduced production.  相似文献   

Correlation of testicular artery Doppler velocimetry with kinetics and morphologic characteristics of epididymal sperm in dogs     

Luiz Guilherme Corsi Trautwein  Anne Kemmer Souza  Guilherme Schiess Cardoso  Karina Keller Marques da Costa Flaiban  Antonio Cezar de Oliveira Dearo  Maria Isabel Mello Martins 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(6):720-725

Sperm quality can be affected by a reduction in testicular blood flow, which can be measured by Doppler ultrasonography. The aim of this study was to correlate the Doppler velocimetry of the testicular artery with kinetics of the epididymal spermatozoa in dogs. Twenty-two dogs (44 testicles) were evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography in five regions of the testicular artery before orchiectomy. Spermatozoa were recovered by the epididymal tail compression technique and analysed for kinetics on a computer-assisted semen analysis (CASA system). Morphology (modified Karras) and sperm membrane integrity were analysed by eosin–nigrosine staining. Data were analysed by Pearson's correlation test (p < .01). The mean total motility was 69.0% ± 17.7, progressive motility was 43.7% ± 14.7, average path velocity (VAP) was 127.0 µm/s ± 20.7, curvilinear velocity (VCL) was 221.0 µm/s ± 31.1, and sperm velocity index (SVI) was 389.9 ± 56.1. There were positive correlations between the peak systolic velocity (PSV) in the proximal supratesticular region with the SVI (r = .529), VCL (r = .555) and VAP (r = .473), and a negative correlation with the percentage of slow spermatozoa (r = −.463). The results suggest that the testicular artery blood flow velocity can positively affect the speed of spermatozoa movement. For the first time, we have correlated sperm kinetics with the Doppler evaluation of the testicular artery in dogs.  相似文献   

Stress Induced by Heavy Metals Cd and Pb in Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Grown in Nutrient Solution     

Marcele G. Cannata  Ruy Carvalho  Amanda S. Augusto  Ana Rosa R. Bastos  Matheus P. Freitas 《Journal of plant nutrition》2015,38(4):497-508

The increasing number of cases of soil contamination by heavy metals has affected crop yields, and represents an imminent risk to food. Some of these contaminants, such as cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb), are very similar to micronutrients, and thus can be absorbed by plants. This study evaluated the translocation of increasing amounts of cadmium and lead and the effects of these metals in the production of beans. Bean plants were grown in nutrient solution Clark and subjected to increasing levels of Cd (from 0 to 0.5 mg L^?1) and Pb (from 0 to 10 mg L^?1). Cadmium concentration of 0.1 mg L^?1 translocated 39.8% to the shoot, and dry matter production was reduced by 45% in shoots and 80% in roots, compared to the control treatment. Lead showed impaired movement in the plant, however the concentration of 1.0 mg L^?1 was observed in 5.7% of metal translocation to the leaves. The concentration of 10 mg L^?1 Pb reduced dry matter production of roots and shoots in 83% and 76%, respectively, compared to the control treatment.  相似文献   

Critical information for fisheries monitoring may be available in social media     

Natalia C. Roos  Guilherme O. Longo 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2021,31(9):2420-2428

1. Fisheries monitoring is essential to evaluate and manage fish populations. Effective monitoring is particularly challenging in low- and middle-income countries where fisheries often occur at large spatial scales and include multiple techniques. Recreational spearfishing, for instance, can be detrimental to fish populations and is often underrepresented in management strategies due to the lack of data.
2. Because recreational fishers frequently share pictures of their catches online, social media can harbour valuable information. As a case study, freely available pictures in social media were used to assess the impacts of spearfishing on the endemic and endangered Brazilian parrotfish, Scarus trispinosus, that has experienced a sharp population decline in recent decades due to overfishing.
3. It was found that S. trispinosus is widely captured by recreational spearfishing and at larger sizes when compared to artisanal fisheries, revealing complementary fishing pressures operating on different life stages of this species and a lack of compliance to current regulations. The number of users sharing these contents increased between 2007 and 2018, but declined thereafter until 2020.
4. Identifying where spearfishing is more intense and the most targeted life-stages can inform prioritization of management strategies. Social media can be a rapid and low-cost tool to obtain nationwide fisheries information, especially for recreational fishing activities that have a flawed monitoring.
5. The public disclosure of ‘trophy fishes’ can reveal lack of compliance to existing regulations and help fill critical information gaps on complementary fishing pressures. This approach may be applicable for many species and types of trophy fishing, providing valuable and useful information for management and conservation.

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