Lectin from Phaseolus acutifolius var. escumite: chemical characterization, sugar specificity, and effect on human T-lymphocytes     

Castillo-Villanueva A  Caballero-Ortega H  Abdullaev-Jafarova F  Garfias Y  del Carmen Jiménez-Martínez M  Bouquelet S  Martínez G  Mendoza-Hernández G  Zenteno E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(14):5781-5787

Purification of the lectin from Phaseolus acutifolius var. escumite was achieved by affinity chromatography on a column containing glutaraldehyzed membranes from blood group O erythrocytes. The lectin is a tetrameric glycoprotein of 121 kDa with 10% of sugar by weight composed by four subunits of 30 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. The lectin is composed of four isolectins as determined by ion-exchange chromatography on a mono-S column. The lectin and its isolectins showed identical NH2 terminal residues (ANDLSFNFQR FNETN) with homology to the PHA leucoagglutinin-precursor. Peptide mass fingerprint from each lectin isoform determined from tryptic peptides by MALDI-TOF (matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight) showed differences among subunits, thus suggesting microheterogeneity in their amino acid sequences or different glycosylation patterns. The lectin and its four isolectins agglutinated erythrocytes without serological specificity and showed mitogenic activity on human leukocytes; moreover, the main effect was rather toward CD8+ than to CD4+ human peripheral lymphocytes. The lectin from escumite was not inhibitable by simple sugars; however, the specificity of the lectin and its isoforms was mainly addressed toward galactose residues present in bi- or triantennary N-acetyllactosamine-type glycans.  相似文献   

Comparison of glomerular filtration rate between greyhounds and non-Greyhound dogs     

Drost WT  Couto CG  Fischetti AJ  Mattoon JS  Iazbik C 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(3):544-546

Greyhounds have significantly higher serum creatinine (SCr) concentration than do non-Greyhound dogs that may be attributable to differences in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). By means of plasma clearance of technetium Tc 99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, GFR was measured in 10 Greyhounds and 10 non-Greyhound dogs with normal findings of physical examination, CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and urinalysis. Dogs were fed the same diet for a minimum of 6 weeks before GFR data collection. Greyhounds had significantly higher mean +/- SD GFR (3.0 +/- 0.1 vs 2.5 +/- 0.2 ml/min/ kg; P = .01) and SCr concentration (1.8 +/- 0.1 vs 1.5 +/- 0.1 mg/dL; P = .03) than did non-Greyhound dogs, but the serum urea nitrogen (SUN) concentration was not significantly different (18 +/- 1 vs 18 +/- 2 mg/dL; P = .8). Therefore, the higher SCr concentration in Greyhounds is not attributable to decreased GFR, and may be associated with the high muscle mass in the breed. Healthy Greyhounds have higher GFR than do non-Greyhound dogs.  相似文献   

Dexamethasone, melphalan, actinomycin D, cytosine arabinoside (DMAC) protocol for dogs with relapsed lymphoma     

Alvarez FJ  Kisseberth WC  Gallant SL  Couto CG 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2006,20(5):1178-1183

BACKGROUND: In general, treatment of relapsed lymphoma is associated with a lower probability of response and shorter duration of remission. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the combination chemotherapy protocol DMAC (dexamethasone, melphalan, actinomycin D, and cytosine arabinoside) for reinduction of remission in dogs with relapsed lymphoma. HYPOTHESIS: That DMAC would be an effective reinduction protocol for dogs with relapsed lymphoma. ANIMALS: Fifty-four dogs. RESULTS: Seventy-two percent of the dogs achieved remission (44% complete remission [CR] and 28% partial remission [PR]), 11% had stable disease (SD), and 17% had progressive disease (PD). The median remission duration was 61 days (range, 2-467+ days). The median remission durations for dogs with CR, PR, and SD were 112, 44, and 27 days, respectively. Factors that affected the response rate were previous treatment with doxorubicin and an inability to achieve remission with the previous protocol. Thrombocytopenia occurred in 56% of the dogs (grade 1 in 3 dogs, grade 2 in 6 dogs, grade 3 in 7 dogs, and grade 4 in 7 dogs) and neutropenia in 17% of the dogs (grade 2 in 1 dog, grade 3 in 2 dogs, and grade 4 in 4 dogs). Gastrointestinal toxicosis occurred in 22% of the dogs (grades 1 in 5 dogs, grade 2 in 3 dogs, and grade 3 in 1 dog). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The DMAC protocol is an effective rescue protocol for dogs with relapsed multicentric lymphoma. Although thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation of toxicity, in general, the protocol is well tolerated.  相似文献   

Site index for teak in Colombia     

Danny A. Torres  Jorge I. del Valle  Guillermo Restrepo 《林业研究》2012,23(3):405-411

Determination of site quality is a basic tool for proper selection of locations and species, in management of forest plantations.Throughout the Caribbean studies of site quality are few and are hampered by statistical limitations, inappropriate growth models, and limited data. We fitted growth curves for dominant height to evaluate and classify site quality of teak (Tectona grandis) plantations by using data from 44 permanent sample plots established since 1990 in 3 22 years old teak plantations in the Colombian Caribbean region. We used Korf’s and von Bertalanffy’s models to fit curves as nonlinear effects models. Both models, with a single random parameter, were considered as adequate for dominant height growth modelling, but Korf’s model was superior. There sulting curves were anamorphic and closely reflected high variability insite quality. Five site classes were clarified: at a base age of 12 years old,teak reached a mean dominant height of 24.8 m on the best sites, 9.8 m inthe worst sites, and in the averages sites, 15.8-18.8 m. Using this model,we identified the best and the worst sites for teak plantations in the Caribbean region. This model proved a useful tool, not only for site quality evaluation, but also for improved teak plantation planning and management.  相似文献   

The identification of a VDAC-like protein involved in the interaction of Babesia bigemina sexual stages with Rhipicephalus microplus midgut cells     

Rodríguez-Hernández E  Mosqueda J  Alvarez-Sánchez ME  Neri AF  Mendoza-Hernández G  Camacho-Nuez M 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,186(3-4):538-541

Oestrosis is highly prevalent in Mediterranean countries. Understanding the life cycle of Oestrus ovis is crucial to design effective control measures of this myiasis, largely based on the use of macrocyclic lactones. We carried out a survey of ovine oestrosis in the island of Majorca (Spain) and found that 46.03% of animals were infested in a 13-month period. Interestingly, we found significant differences in oestrosis prevalences in winter and autumn when separating the animals by group of age (P<0.001). Pearson correlation analysis showed that prevalence in lambs younger than 4 months was significantly affected by changes in air temperature (P<0.05), but this association was not significant in adult sheep (P=0.081). Chronic infestations or unsystematic treatments may explain confusing results in adult sheep. Observing the evolution of the disease in young lambs, we determined that the hypobiotic period took place from October to February and the beginning of fly activity occurred between May and June. Interannual variations in oestrosis prevalence indicate the need of monitoring the disease to establish the appropriate timing of treatments. We hypothesize that lambs are better indicators of the seasonality of oestrosis than their older counterparts. Furthermore, we propose that observing O. ovis infestations in young lambs can be used as an efficient early warning system of fly activity, to be applied in future control programs.  相似文献   

Foliar anatomical and morphological variation in Nothofagus pumilio seedlings under controlled irradiance and soil moisture levels     

Ivancich HS  Lencinas MV  Pastur GJ  Esteban RM  Hernández L  Lindstrom I 《Tree physiology》2012,32(5):554-564

Foliar anatomy and morphology are strongly related to physiological performance; therefore, phenotypic plasticity in leaves to variations in environmental conditions, such as irradiance and soil moisture availability, can be related to growth rate and survivorship, mainly during critical growth phases, such as establishment. The aim of this work was to analyze changes in the foliar internal anatomy (tissue proportions and cell dimensions) and external morphology (leaf length, width and area) of Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. et Endl.) Krasser seedlings growing in a greenhouse under controlled irradiance (three levels) and soil moisture (two levels) during one growing season (measured three times), and to relate them to physiological traits. Three irradiance levels (4, 26 and 64% of the natural incident light) and two soil moisture levels (40 and 80% soil capacity) were evaluated during November, January and March. Internal foliar anatomy of seedlings was analyzed using digital photographs of histological cuttings, while leaf gross morphology was measured using digital calipers and image analysis software. Most internal anatomical variables presented significant differences under different irradiance levels during the growing season, but differences were not detected between soil moisture levels. Palisade parenchyma was the tissue most sensitive to irradiance levels, and high irradiance levels (64% natural incident light) produced greater values in most of the internal anatomical variables than lower irradiance levels (4-24% natural incident light). Complementarily, larger leaves were observed in medium and low irradiance levels, as well as under low soil moisture levels (40% soil capacity). The relationship of main results with some eco-physiological traits was discussed. Foliar internal anatomical and external morphological plasticity allows quick acclimation of seedlings to environmental changes (e.g., during harvesting). These results can be used to propose new forest practices that consider soil moisture and light availability changes to maintain high physiological performance of seedlings.  相似文献   

Acute phase protein concentrations in retired racing Greyhounds     

C. Guillermo Couto  José J. Cerón  MD Parra  Silvi Martínez‐Subiela  M. Cristina Lazbik 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2009,38(2):219-223

Background: Retired racing Greyhounds are popular as pets. Greyhounds have several differences in physiological values compared with other breeds, including lower serum α‐ and β‐globulin concentrations. We hypothesized that lower acute phase protein (APP) concentrations could contribute to lower α‐ and β‐globulin concentrations in this breed. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare serum concentrations of several APPs in Greyhounds with those of other dog breeds. Methods: We measured the serum concentrations of C‐reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp), acid‐soluble glycoprotein (ASG), ceruloplasmin (CP), and serum amyloid A (SAA) in 15 clinically healthy retired racing Greyhounds and 11 age‐ and gender‐matched healthy nonGreyhound controls using previously validated methods. Results were compared by Student's t‐tests. Results: The concentration of Hp by both colorimetric and immunoturbidimetric methods was significantly lower in Greyhounds than in nonGreyhound dogs (P=.0009 and .019, respectively). The concentration of ASG was also significantly (P=.007) lower in Greyhounds, but CRP and CP concentrations were not significantly different between groups. SAA concentration was below the detection limit of the method in all dogs. Conclusions: The low serum concentrations of Hp and ASG should be taken into consideration when interpreting APP results in Greyhounds. Because both Hp and some ASG migrate in the α‐globulin fraction, these results may explain the low α‐globulin concentrations in Greyhounds.  相似文献   

Evaluation of three immunoserological techniques in the detection of porcine trichinellosis     

Stella M. Venturiello  Guillermo G. Nuñez  Marcela A. Calcagno  Susana N. Costantino 《Veterinary parasitology》2009,159(3-4):364-367

Three immunoserological tests (IST) used for the detection of porcine trichinellosis, immunofluorescence (IF), enzyme-inmunoanalysis (EIA), and Western blot (WB), were compared. Three groups of animals were analyzed: Group 1, animals naturally infected with parasite burdens (PB) of <1 muscle larvae (ML)/g (n = 18); Group 2, animals naturally infected with PB of ≥2 ML/g (n = 23); Group 3, animals raised and home-slaughtered on farms in Argentina (n = 59). Animals from Groups 1 and 2 were identified in outbreaks and were analyzed by individual artificial digestion (AD) of ≥30 g of muscle. Animals in Group 3 were subjected to AD of 5 g of muscle.The detection percentages in sera of swine with the lower PB were 100% for IF, 72% for EIA, and 50% for WB. Eighty-three percent of the animals were serologically positive by two or three techniques. In pigs with the higher PB, the detection percentage was similar for IF and EIA (100% vs. 91%, respectively), and was lower for the WB (61%). Ninety-six percent of the animals were serologically positive by two or three techniques. Group 3 animals had similar detection percentages for the three techniques (IF, 30%; EIA, 29%; WB, 42%). Twenty-five percent of the animals were serologically positive by two or three techniques. Two animals were positive by AD with PB of 0.33 and 2.4 ML/g, and were positive for IF and WB, or IF, EIA, and WB. Results indicate that the sensitivity of each technique depends on the PB, and always ranked in sensitivity as IF > EIA > WB. For the lower PB, the decrease in the sensitivity is more pronounced for the EIA. Although the WB has a low sensitivity, the detection of the specific bands for Trichinella spiralis makes it a useful confirmatory tool. Considering that more than 83% of the parasitologically positive animals had 2 or 3 positive serological results using the techniques tested here, for the diagnosis of porcine trichinellosis, pigs positive by two of these serological techniques must be regarded as truly infected pigs.  相似文献   

Skeletal Muscle for Endomyocardial Biopsy: Comparable Stress Response in Doxorubicin Cardio-myopathy     

Maita R  Strauss M  Anselmi G 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2009,22(4):273-279

In the present study, we compared the cell damage response in skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue when exposed to doxorubicin. This was carried out by means of a less invasive informative substitute to endomyocardiac biopsy based on Hsp70 immunodetection and a subcellular analysis of the nucleolus. Male Sprague Dawley rats (62 g body weight) were randomly distributed into 3 group, the control and doxorubicin I and doxorubicin II groups, in which 15 and 25 mg/kg body weight of doxorubicin (0.1 ml, i.v.) was administered, respectively. After 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes, portions of the left and right ventricle wall and interventricle wall, together with skeletal muscle from the posterior and anterior member, were prepared for Hsp70 immunodetection by Western blot analysis and ultrastructural study using the thin cut technique. Differential cell response between the control and treated groups was observed in Hsp70 immunodetection and at the subcellular level. In the control group, the Hsp70 recognition levels and typical normal nucleolar morphology were similar, while the treated groups showed variable-dependent Hsp70 recognition and segregation of nucleolar components, forming ring-like figures of a variable-independent nature. Comparison of cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue cell response to doxorubicin toxic aggression revealed parallelism in terms of Hsp70 accumulation in certain regions of both tissues (15 mg/kg body weight of doxorubicin), which suggests that replacing endomyocardiac biopsy analysis with skeletal muscle analysis may be a safe option.  相似文献   

Effect of lidocaine on the minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in dogs     

Lídia M Matsubara MV  MSc    Valéria N L S Oliva† MV  PhD    Daniela T Gabas MV  MSc    Guillermo C V Oliveira MV  & Maria L Cassetari‡ MSc 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2009,36(5):407-413

Objective  To investigate the effects of a low-dose constant rate infusion (LCRI; 50 μg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹) and high-dose CRI (HCRI; 200 μg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹) lidocaine on arterial blood pressure and on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane (Sevo), in dogs.
Study design  Prospective, randomized experimental design.
Animals  Eight healthy adult spayed female dogs, weighing 16.0 ± 2.1 kg.
Methods  Each dog was anesthetized with sevoflurane in oxygen and mechanically ventilated, on three separate occasions 7 days apart. Following a 40-minute equilibration period, a 0.1-mL kg⁻¹ saline loading dose or lidocaine (2 mg kg⁻¹ intravenously) was administered over 3 minutes, followed by saline CRI or lidocaine LCRI or HCRI. The sevoflurane MAC was determined using a tail clamp. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure and plasma concentration of lidocaine were measured. All values are expressed as mean ± SD.
Results  The MAC of Sevo was 2.30 ± 0.19%. The LCRI reduced MAC by 15% to 1.95 ± 0.23% and HCRI by 37% to 1.45 ± 0.21%. Diastolic and mean pressure increased with HCRI. Lidocaine plasma concentration was 0.84 ± 0.18 for LCRI and 1.89 ± 0.37 μg mL⁻¹ for HCRI. Seventy-five percent of HCRI dogs vomited during recovery.
Conclusion and clinical relevance  Lidocaine infusions dose dependently decreased the MAC of Sevo, did not induce clinically significant changes in HR or arterial blood pressure, but vomiting was common during recovery in HCRI.  相似文献