Effects of fungal α-amylase on chemically leavened wheat flour doughs     

M.J. Patel  J.H.Y. Ng  W.E. Hawkins  K.F. Pitts  S. Chakrabarti-Bell 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

Chemical leaveners are used in doughs to generate carbon dioxide, as an alternative to yeast, in making a range of bakery products. In this study, the effects of fungal α-amylase and ascorbic acid on chemically leavened doughs were followed by measuring dough extensibility, true rheological properties, the amount of free liquid in doughs following ultracentrifugation and the quality of baked products. As with yeasted doughs, the bake qualities of chemically leavened doughs also improved in the presence of fungal α-amylases. The bake qualities were not affected when the equivalent amount of ascorbic acid was added. The differences in dough formulations were detected from measurements of true rheological properties, not from extensibilities of doughs. The amount of free liquid was larger and of lower viscosity in doughs containing α-amylases. The properties of the continuous liquid phase were found to be important in defining the rheological and baking qualities of doughs.  相似文献   

Presumptive keratoglobus in a great horned owl (Bubo virginianus)          下载免费PDF全文

Rachael K. Lau  Anneke Moresco  Sarah J. Woods  Christopher M. Reilly  Michelle G. Hawkins  Christopher J. Murphy  Steven R. Hollingsworth  Dennis Hacker  Kate S. Freeman 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2017,20(6):560-567

A juvenile to young adult, male, great horned owl (Bubo virginianus,GHOW) was presented to the wildlife rehabilitation hospital at Lindsay Wildlife Museum (WRHLWM) due to trauma to the right patagium from barbed wire entanglement. On presentation, both corneas were irregular, dry, and no movement of the third eyelid was noted. A severe corneal enlargement/globoid appearance was the predominant ophthalmic feature. The fundus was normal in both eyes (OU). Over the course of several days, both corneas developed edema combined with further dessication at the ocular surface associated with diffuse dorsal fluorescein stain uptake. Repeated ophthalmic examinations found normal intraocular pressures and an inability to move the third eyelid over the enlarged corneas. The bird was deemed nonreleasable due to severe wing damage and poor prognosis associated with eye abnormalities and was humanely euthanized. Postmortem CT, enucleation, and histopathology were performed to evaluate the ocular anatomical abnormality and confirm the suspected diagnosis of keratoglobus. This GHOW represents the first reported case of presumptive keratoglobus in a raptor.  相似文献   

More on cultivating veterinarian-scientists     

Hawkins E  Hall J  Cohn L  Buechner-Maxwell V  Oyama M  Barton MH  Olby N  Khanna C  Marks S  McFarlane D  Toll J 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2010,237(12):1367

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Advanced Wilderness Life Support Education Using High-Technology Patient Simulation     

Stephanie A. Lareau  Blake D. Kyzer  Seth C. Hawkins  Henderson D. McGinnis 《The Forestry Chronicle》2010,21(2):166-170.e2

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High Periconceptional Protein Intake Modifies Uterine and Embryonic Relationships Increasing Early Pregnancy Losses and Embryo Growth Retardation in Sheep     

CA Meza‐Herrera  TT Ross  DM Hallford  DE Hawkins  A Gonzalez‐Bulnes 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2010,45(4):723-728

The effects of supplemented protein level (PL) during the periconceptional period and their interaction with body condition were evaluated in sheep. Multiparous Rambouillet ewes (n = 12) received two PL of rumen undegradable protein (UIP) during a 30‐day pre‐mating and 15‐day post‐mating period: low [LPL, 24% crude protein (CP), 14 g UIP and 36 g/CP animal/day] and high [HPL, 44% CP, 30 g UIP and 50 g/CP animal/day]. While ovulation rate (OR) did not differ between treatments (1.6 ± 0.5, mean ± SEM), a lower fertility rate, a decreased embryo number and a reduced uterine pH (UpH) was observed in the HPL group (p < 0.05), irrespective of BC. Luteal tissue weight, volume and progesterone secretion did not differ among treatments. Sheep with lower UpH also had lower conceptus weight (Cwt; p < 0.05, r = 0.65) and conceptuses with lower mass tended to secrete less INF‐τ and IGF‐1, and the correspondent endometrial explants had a higher basal PGF_2α release. Current study indicates that high protein diets during the periconceptional period in sheep modify uterine and embryonic relationships, increasing early pregnancy losses and inducing embryo growth retardation. Surviving embryos were affected by weight reductions, which could compromise later foetal growth and birth weight. Results evidence the key role of a balanced diet in reproductive success and indicate that the quality and nutrient composition of the maternal diet are essential for an adequate establishment of pregnancy, having paramount effects on the interplay of the embryo and the uterus.  相似文献   

Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the protein and energy digestibility of lupin kernel meals when fed to rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss          下载免费PDF全文

B. Glencross  N. Bourne  W. Hawkins  M. Karopoulos  D. Evans  N. Rutherford  P. McCafferty  K. Dods  P. Burridge  C. Veitch  S. Sipsas  B. Buirchell  M. Sweetingham 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2015,21(1):54-62

This study examined the potential of using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the nutrient composition, energy density and the digestible protein and digestible energy values of lupin kernel meals when fed to rainbow trout. A series of 136 lupin kernel meals were assessed for their protein and energy digestibilities using the diet‐substitution approach in a series of 10 experiments over a 6‐year period from 2002 to 2008. Two reference diets were also included in each experiment. Minimal variance in the digestibility parameters of both reference diets was observed among the experiments ensuring that there was a high degree of robustness in the across‐experiment evaluations. The same lupin kernel meal samples were also scanned using a diode array near infrared spectrophotometer (DA‐NIRS). The spectra obtained by the DA‐NIRS were chemometrically calibrated against both the chemical composition and the digestible value data using multivariate analysis software. The cross validation tests used in this study provide a valid indication of the potential to predict the nutrient composition, energy value and digestible protein and energy values of the lupin kernel meals as used in diets for rainbow trout. That the standard errors of cross validation (SECV) of the parameters investigated were generally commensurate with the cross trial variation seen in the reference sample indicating robust calibrations for the two target parameters of digestible protein and digestible energy. Therefore this study demonstrates that within one raw material type that not only does significant variability in the digestible value of the raw materials exist, but that it is possible to use NIRS technology to provide rapid estimates of the digestible value of those raw materials in near real‐time.  相似文献   

Regulating acorn germination and seedling emergence in Quercus pagoda (Raf.) as it relates to natural and artificial regeneration     

Hawkins  Tracy S. 《New Forests》2019,50(3):425-436

New Forests - Dormancy break and germination requirements for Quercus pagoda (Raf.) acorns were determined, as well as the effects of acorn pretreatment and post-germination temperatures on...  相似文献   

Editorial: Ecological processes are not bound by borders: Implications for marine conservation in a post‐Brexit world          下载免费PDF全文

Stephen J. Hawkins 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(5):904-908

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The relationship of the specific gravity of six varieties of potatoes to their mealiness as assessed by sensory methods     

Mary L. Greenwood  Margaret Harvey McKendrick  Arthur Hawkins 《American Journal of Potato Research》1952,29(8):192-196

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Sectional notes     

Arthur Hawkins  W. B. Ward  Verne C. Beverly  K. H. Fernow  C. A. Henderson  John Noonan  J. W. Scannell  Roger Gagnon 《American Journal of Potato Research》1948,25(8):302-314

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