Psoroptic mange in cattle confirmed in England     

Millar M  Milnes A  Wood K  Mitchell S  Kendall B 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(12):334

  相似文献   

The imaging photopolarimeter experiment on pioneer 10     

Gehrels T  Coffeen D  Tomasko M  Doose L  Swindell W  Castillo N  Kendall J  Clements A  Hämeen-Anttila J  Knight CK  Blenman C  Baker R  Best G  Baker L 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1974,183(4122):318-320

A 2.5-centimeter telescope aboard Pioneer 10 is capable of making two-dimensional spin-scan maps of intensity and polarization in red and blue light at high spatial resolution. During the recent flyby of Jupiter, a large quantity of imaging and polarimetric data was obtained on Jupiter and the Galilean satellites over a wide range of phase angles.  相似文献   

ATROPHY OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX OF THE RAT PRODUCED BY THE ADMINISTRATION OF LARGE AMOUNTS OF CORTIN     

Ingle DJ  Kendall EC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1937,86(2228):245-246

  相似文献   

Cupulae in shark neuromasts: composition, origin, generation     

A L Tester  J I Kendall 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1968,160(829):772-774

Cupulae on the surface of the sensory epithelium of canal neuromasts of the shark lateralis system have been demonstrated. They are mounds of mucoid material secreted primarily by the supporting cells of the neuromast epithelium. Individual columns of mucus in fixed, stained sections produce striations perpendicular to the neuromast surface. The hair of the sensory cell is embedded in mucus at the bases of coalescing columns produced by a group of surrounding supporting cells. There is evidence that mucus production is continuous and is accompanied by regeneration of secretory cells and elimination of necrotic cells at the distal surface. It follows that cupular material is being discarded either intermittantly or continually, along with trapped cell debris and other detritus.  相似文献   

Adhesion: molecules and mechanics     

Kendall K 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1994,263(5154):1720-1725

There is a difference between adhesion at the molecular level and adhesion in engineering. There is no doubt that molecules of solid materials stick together and can be separated mechanically. The problem is explaining the connection between molecular attractions and mechanical measurements. False ideas such as keying and gluing require critical assessment because they confuse molecules and mechanics. Mechanisms such as adhesive hysteresis, stringing, and clustering deserve evaluation. A rational theory of these phenomena should be based on the theoretical concept of reversible work of adhesion and on the measured quantity of adhesive energy, which includes the extra energy required to restructure the interface as surfaces move.  相似文献   

Is humane slaughter of fish possible for industry?   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

Hans van de Vis  Steve Kestin  David Robb  Jörg Oehlenschläger  Bert Lambooij  Werner Münkner  Holmer Kuhlmann  Karin Kloosterboer  Margarita Tejada  Almudena Huidobro  Håkon Otterå  Bjørn Roth  Nils Kristian Sørensen  Leif Akse  Hazel Byrne  & Paul Nesvadba 《Aquaculture Research》2003,34(3):211-220

Abstract The objective was to evaluate industrial and research slaughter methods for Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), gilt‐head seabream (Sparus auratus) and eel (Anguilla anguilla) with respect to welfare and quality. As a general term of reference, an optimal slaughter method should render fish unconscious until death without avoidable excitement, pain or suffering prior to killing. For Atlantic salmon, commercial slaughter methods (carbon dioxide stunning followed by gill cutting, and gill cutting alone) are not in conformity with the general term of reference, as the fish are not rendered unconscious immediately and possibly experience stress. Evaluation of automated percussive stunning remained unconclusive. More research should enable us to ascertain whether loss of consciousness is instantaneous. Electrical stunning can be humane if applied properly. However, because flesh of electrostunned fish was characterized by occasional bloodspots, optimization of the electrical parameters is required. Prototypes for percussive and electrical stunning of salmon have been recently developed. This implies that humane slaughter of salmon is feasible for industry. For gilt‐head seabream, neither aphyxia in air nor transfer of the fish to an ice slurry were considered to be humane: the methods did not induce immediate brain dysfunction and vigorous attempts to escape occurred. Percussive and electrical stunning can be in conformity with the general term of reference. However, conditions for stunning whole batches of seabream have not been established. Quality of the fish slaughtered by percussive stunning was similar to that obtained by the industrial method, i.e. immersion in an ice slurry. Further work is required to establish optimal stunning conditions and to develop prototypes. For eel, desliming in a salt‐bath followed by evisceration, electrical stunning performed under the conditions prescribed by the German legislation, and live chilling and freezing were not considered to be humane. In contrast, it was established that a 10–20 kg batch of eels in fresh water could be rendered unconscious immediately and until death by applying electricity in combination with nitrogen gas. The conditions used were 0.64 A dm^?2 for 1 s, followed by 0.17 A dm^?2 combined with nitrogen flushing for 5 min. A preliminary assessment of flesh quality suggests that it may be improved by application of the latter method, compared with the salt bath. The results clearly indicated that humane slaughter of eels is possible in practice.  相似文献   

Detecting Channel Riparian Vegetation Response to Best-Management-Practices Implementation in Ephemeral Streams With the Use of Spot High-Resolution Visible Imagery     

Kendall Vande Kamp  Matthew Rigge  Nels H. Troelstrup  Alexander J. Smart  Bruce Wylie 《Strength and Conditioning Journal》2013,66(1):63-70

Heavily grazed riparian areas are commonly subject to channel incision, a lower water table, and reduced vegetation, resulting in sediment delivery above normal regimes. Riparian and in-channel vegetation functions as a roughness element and dissipates flow energy, maintaining stable channel geometry. Ash Creek, a tributary of the Bad River in western South Dakota contains a high proportion of incised channels, remnants of historically high grazing pressure. Best management practices (BMP), including off-stream watering sources and cross fencing, were implemented throughout the Bad River watershed during an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 319 effort to address high sediment loads. We monitored prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) establishment within stream channels for 16 yr following BMP implementation. Photos were used to group stream reaches (n=103) subjectively into three classes; absent (estimated <5% cover; n=64), present (estimated 5–40% cover; n=23), and dense (estimated >40% cover; n=16) based on the relative amount of prairie cordgrass during 2010 assessments of ephemeral channels. Reaches containing drainage areas of 0.54 to 692 ha were delineated with the use of 2010 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values were extracted from 5 to 39 sample points proportional to reach length using a series of Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT) satellite imagery. Normalized NDVI (nNDVI) of 2152 sample points were determined from pre- and post-BMP images. Mean nNDVI values for each reach ranged from 0.33 to 1.77. ANOVA revealed significant increase in nNDVI in locations classified as present prairie cordgrass cover following BMP implementation. Establishment of prairie cordgrass following BMP implementation was successfully detected remotely. Riparian vegetation such as prairie cordgrass adds channel roughness that reduces the flow energy responsible for channel degradation.  相似文献   

Inferred origin of several Native American potatoes from the Pacific Northwest and Southeast Alaska using SSR markers     

Linhai Zhang  Charles R. Brown  David Culley  Barbara Baker  Elizabeth Kunibe  Hazel Denney  Cassandra Smith  Neuee Ward  Tia Beavert  Julie Coburn  J. J. Pavek  Nora Dauenhauer  Richard Dauenhauer 《Euphytica》2010,174(1):15-29

Certain Native Americans from the Pacific Northwest and Alaska of the USA have grown potatoes in their gardens for many generations. In this study, the origin of several potatoes collected from Native gardens was investigated. Fourteen SSR markers covering the 12 potato homologs yielding a total of 199 alleles were amplified and scored in Solanum tuberosum Group Andigena (52 accessions), S. tuberosum Group. Tuberosum (39 accessions) and wild species (6 accessions). “Ozette” from the Makah Nation on the Olympic Peninsula in Washington State was closely related to “Maria’s” and “Kasaan” potatoes collected from Native Alaskan gardens in Southeast Alaska. These three potatoes were more closely related to either two Mexican and one Peruvian andigena accessions or three Chilean Group Tuberosum accessions, while being relatively less related to the old European or modern varieties and most distantly related to Group Andigenum. “To-Le-Ak” was closely related to two Chilean tuberosum accessions and one old European variety. All Native potatoes harbored T-type chloroplast genome indicating that their maternal lineage is shared with Chilean Group Tuberosum. Using genetic relationship as a guide to origin it appears plausible that the Native American/Alaskan cultivars are either directly or indirectly from Mexico and Chile. These Native potato cultivars present a possible second route of diffusion distinct from the South America to Europe transfer which has been assumed to the sole means by which potato was spread out of South America.  相似文献   

Outcome following treatment of soft tissue and visceral extraskeletal osteosarcoma in 33 dogs: 2008–2013          下载免费PDF全文

D. Duffy  L. E. Selmic  A. R. Kendall  B. E. Powers 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(1):46-54

Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (EOS) is a rare, highly malignant mesenchymal neoplasm arising from viscera or soft tissues characterised by the formation of osteoid in the absence of bone involvement. Owing to the rarity of these neoplasms very little information exists on treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to describe the outcome following surgical treatment of non‐mammary and non‐thyroidal soft tissue and visceral EOS in dogs. Thirty‐three dogs were identified; the most common primary tumour site was the spleen. Dogs that had wide or radical tumour excision had longer survival times compared with dogs that had only marginal tumour excision performed [median survival time of 90 days (range: 0–458 days) versus median survival time of 13 days (range: 0–20 days)]. The use of surgery should be considered in the management of dogs with non‐mammary and non‐thyroidal soft tissue and visceral EOS.  相似文献   

The role of the veterinarian in the future     

E A Kendall 《Australian veterinary journal》1988,65(2):54-60

  相似文献