Genetic variation in barley of crossability with wheat and its quantitative trait loci analysis   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Shin Taketa  Hidekazu Takahashi  Kazuyoshi Takeda 《Euphytica》1998,103(2):187-193

To study genetic variation in crossability, 80 barley accessions of diverse geographic origin consisting of 50 wild barleys (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum or ssp. agriocrithon) and 30 cultivated barleys (H. vulgare ssp. vulgare) were crossed as the male parent with a highly crossable wheat variety, Shinchunaga. Crossabilities, expressed as the percentage of pollinated florets giving embryo-containing caryopses, ranged from 0% to 68.6%. Barley accessions from East Asia had generally a low crossability, while barley accessions from other regions exhibited a wider range of crossability including highly crossable genotypes. No significant difference in mean crossability was found between wild and cultivated barleys. To estimate the number and location of barley genes controlling the crossability, doubled haploid lines derived from the cross between the barley varieties Steptoe and Morex were crossed as the male parent with wheat. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis using molecular markers identified four QTL. These were mapped to the centromeric regions of chromosomes 2H, 3H and 5H and the short arm of chromosome 7H. The QTL on chromosomes 3H and 5H had larger effects than those on chromosomes 2H and 7H. The four QTL collectively explained 35.4% of the total variance under a multiple QTL model. Relationships of the QTL identified in the present study with previously reported crossability genes of barley and wheat are discussed. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Comparison of seven nucleic acid amplification tests for detection of Taylorella equigenitalis     

Yuta KINOSHITA  Hironaga KAKOI  Taichiro ISHIGE  Takashi YAMANAKA  Hidekazu NIWA  Eri UCHIDA-FUJII  Toshio NUKADA  Takanori UENO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2022,84(1):129

Taylorella equigenitalis causes contagious equine metritis. Here we compared seven nucleic acid amplification tests for T. equigenitalis to select a rapid and reliable diagnostic method. The 95% detection limits of each assay varied greatly: real-time PCR had the lowest detection limit (0.77 fg/reaction); those of some of the conventional PCRs (cPCRs) were >100 fg/reaction. In experimentally infected samples, real-time PCR and semi-nested PCR showed the highest positive numbers (33 out of 42 samples), but two of the cPCRs detected only 2 and 7 positive results. Our results indicate that the use of sensitive molecular assays is important for the efficient detection of T. equigenitalis in clinical samples.  相似文献   

Fluctuations in the abundance of ammonia oxidizers and the contents of inorganic nitrogen in solarized soil     

Mina Yamagata  Yoko Shinohara  Masahiro Maesaka  Jun Murase 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(5):434-440

Solarization makes a great impact on the abundance of ammonia oxidizers and nitrifying activity in soil. To elucidate fluctuations in the abundance of ammonia oxidizers and nitrification in solarized soil, copy numbers of amoA gene of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), viable number of ammonia oxidizers and inorganic nitrogen contents were investigated in greenhouse experiments. The copy number of amoA gene and the viable number of ammonia oxidizers were determined by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and most probable number methods, respectively. Abundance of AOB based on the estimation of amoA gene copy numbers and viable counts of ammonia oxidizers was decreased by the solarization treatment and increased during the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivation period following the solarization. Effect of solarization on the copy number of amoA gene of AOA was less evident than that on AOB. The proportion of nitrate in inorganic nitrogen contents was declined by the solarization and increased during the tomato cultivation period following the solarization. Positive correlations were found between the proportion of nitrate in inorganic nitrogen content and the copy number of bacterial or archaeal amoA gene or the viable number of ammonia oxidizers; the copy number of bacterial amoA gene showed a strong correlation with the viable number of ammonia oxidizers. The present study revealed influences of solarization on the fluctuation in the abundance of ammonia oxidizers and dynamics of inorganic nitrogen contents in soil and the results indicate that the determination of amoA gene of AOB is possibly a quick and useful diagnostic technique for evaluating suppression and restoration of nitrification following solarization.  相似文献   

Contagious equine metritis eradicated from Japan     

Anzai T  Kamada M  Niwa H  Eguchi M  Nishi H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(4):519-522

Contagious equine metritis (CEM), a contagious venereal disease of horses, invaded Japan in 1980 and spread in the Thoroughbred population of the Hidaka-Iburi district of Hokkaido. To eradicate CEM, we ran a program aimed at detecting Taylorella equigenitalis, the causal agent, in carrier horses by using the PCR test, followed by culling or treatment. In 2001, the first year of the program, 12,356 Thoroughbred racing stallions and mares were tested and 11 carriers were found. Four, two, one, and one carrier mares were detected in 2002, 2003, 2004, and 2005, respectively, by application of the program at the same scale as in 2001. No PCR-positive horses were found from 2006 to 2010. These results strongly suggest that CEM was eradicated from Japan by 2010.  相似文献   

Treponemes-Infected Canker in a Japanese Racehorse: Efficacy of Maggot Debridement Therapy     

Atsutoshi KUWANO  Hidekazu NIWA  Tohru HIGUCHI  Hideya MITSUI  Robert A. AGNE 《Journal of Equine Science》2012,23(3):41-46

A 3-year-old thoroughbred colt presented with canker on its left hind foot. Subsequent development of cottage cheese-like horns and dermatitis disturbed healing, despite the use of miscellaneous orthodox treatment approaches to the lesions. Histological examination revealed exudative and suppurative dermatitis, and proliferatively suppurative epidermitis infected with helically coiled treponemes. Total debridement under general anesthesia led to a temporary improvement, but the ground surface regenerated abnormal epidermis similar to that observed initially after surgery. Maggot debridement therapy (MDT) was attempted, which removed all the abnormal tissue. After MDT, general farriery trimming helped to correct the distorted ground surface, and the horse returned to constant training and eventually raced. This case shows that MDT was successfully used for treatment of an intractable and treponemes-infected canker.  相似文献   

No evidence of horizontal infection in horses kept in close contact with dogs experimentally infected with canine influenza A virus (H3N8)     

Takashi Yamanaka  Manabu Nemoto  Hiroshi Bannai  Koji Tsujimura  Takashi Kondo  Tomio Matsumura  Masanori Muranaka  Takanori Ueno  Yuta Kinoshita  Hidekazu Niwa  Kazuya IPJ Hidari  Takashi Suzuki 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2012,54(1):25

Background

Since equine influenza A virus (H3N8) was transmitted to dogs in the United States in 2004, the causative virus, which is called canine influenza A virus (CIV), has become widespread in dogs. To date, it has remained unclear whether or not CIV-infected dogs could transmit CIV to horses. To address this, we tested whether or not close contact between horses and dogs experimentally infected with CIV would result in its interspecies transmission.

Methods

Three pairs of animals consisting of a dog inoculated with CIV (10^8.3 egg infectious dose₅₀/dog) and a healthy horse were kept together in individual stalls for 15 consecutive days. During the study, all the dogs and horses were clinically observed. Virus titres in nasal swab extracts and serological responses were also evaluated. In addition, all the animals were subjected to a gross pathological examination after euthanasia.

Results

All three dogs inoculated with CIV exhibited clinical signs including, pyrexia, cough, nasal discharge, virus shedding and seroconversion. Gross pathology revealed lung consolidations in all the dogs, and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus was isolated from the lesions. Meanwhile, none of the paired horses showed any clinical signs, virus shedding or seroconversion. Moreover, gross pathology revealed no lesions in the respiratory tracts including the lungs of the horses.

Conclusions

These findings may indicate that a single dog infected with CIV is not sufficient to constitute a source of CIV infection in horses.  相似文献   

Stability to light, heat, and hydrogen peroxide at different pH values and DPPH radical scavenging activity of acylated anthocyanins from red radish extract     

Matsufuji H  Kido H  Misawa H  Yaguchi J  Otsuki T  Chino M  Takeda M  Yamagata K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(9):3692-3701

The stability of red radish extract to light, heat, and hydrogen peroxide at different pH values (3, 5, and 7) was examined, in which major anthocyanins were pelargonidin glycosides acylated with a combination of p-coumaric, ferulic, or caffeic acids. The light irradiation (fluorescence light, 5000 lx; at 25 degrees C) indicated that the red radish extract was more stable at lower pH than at higher pH. The HPLC analyses revealed that diacylated anthocyanins in the extract were more stable to light at pH 3 than monoacylated anthocyanins. No significant difference in degradation rates of acylated anthocyanins at pH 5 was observed, whereas anthocyanins acylated with p-coumaric or ferulic acids were more stable at pH 7 than ones with caffeic acids. The stability to heat (at 90-95 degrees C) showed a tendency similar to that for light. The number of intramolecular acyl units contributes to stability to light and heat at lower pH, whereas the characteristics of intramolecular acyl units influence the stability at higher pH. The degradation behavior of red radish extract to H2O2 were almost the same to those of light and heat, depending on the pH. However, HPLC analyses revealed that the stability of individual acylated anthocyanins were independent of the pH. These data suggest that the characteristics, the number, and the binding site of intramolecular acyl units affect the stability of anthocyanin to H2O2. DPPH radical scavenging activity of all acylated anthocyanins was higher than those of pelargonidin and perlargonidin-3-glucoside. The activity of acylated anthocyanins mostly depended on the activity of intramolecular acyl units (caffeic acid > ferulic acid > p-coumaric acid). However, the activity was highly affected by the binding site of intramolecular acyl units even if anthocyanins have common acyl units.  相似文献   

Development of green onion and cabbage certified reference materials for quantification of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides     

Otake T  Yarita T  Aoyagi Y  Kuroda Y  Numata M  Iwata H  Mizukoshi K  Nakamura M  Watai M  Mitsuda H  Fujikawa T  Ota H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(16):8568-8574

Green onion and cabbage certified reference materials for the analysis of pesticide residues were issued by the National Metrology Institute of Japan, part of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Green onion and cabbage samples were grown so as to contain several kinds of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides, and those were collected from a field in the Kochi Prefecture in Japan. The certification was carried out by using multiple analytical methods to ensure the reliability of analytical results; the values of target pesticides (diazinon, fenitrothion, cypermethrin, etofenprox, and permethrin for green onion and chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, and permethrin for cabbage) were obtained by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Certified values of target pesticides were 0.96-13.9 and 2.41-6.9 mg/kg for green onion and cabbage, respectively. These are the first green onion and cabbage powder certified reference materials in which organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides are determined.  相似文献   

Layer‐specific myocardial function in asymptomatic cats with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy assessed using 2‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography     

Ryohei Suzuki  Yohei Mochizuki  Hiroki Yoshimatsu  Ayaka Niina  Takahiro Teshima  Hirotaka Matsumoto  Hidekazu Koyama 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(1):37-45

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Early dead ripe of bread wheat and durum wheat caused by Ophiosphaerella korrae and evaluation of the fungal influence on barley,rice, and soybean     

Tomioka  Keisuke  Sekiguchi  Hiroyuki  Nomiyama  Koji  Kawaguchi  Akira  Kawakami  Akira  Masunaka  Akira  Kobayashi  Hidekazu  Chiba  Masahiro  Nagata  Kenji  Ishikawa  Naoyuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2021,87(5):273-280

Journal of General Plant Pathology - A ripening disorder with early blighting of foliage including spike bleaching was observed on bread wheat in May 2017 and durum wheat in May 2018 in...  相似文献