Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases. Introduction     

Barratt-Boyes SM 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(3):217-218

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Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy and ovariectomy in standing horses using the EnSeal® tissue-sealing device     

Dunay MP  Németh T  Makra Z  Izing S  Bodó G 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2012,60(1):41-53

In the present series of cases, 8 laparoscopic cryptorchidectomies and 4 laparoscopic ovariectomies were carried out in sedated standing horses. Sedation involved a lesser anaesthesiological risk than does general anaesthesia. As compared to laparotomic exposure, the minimally invasive laparoscopic intervention provided better visualisation, shorter operative time and faster recovery. The blood vessels supplying the testes and ovaries and the suspensory ligaments of the organs were sealed and cut with EnSeal?, an adaptive bipolar electrosurgical blood vessel- and tissue-sealing device. The clinical use of the blood vessel- and tissue-sealing device proved to be successful in all cases. Gradual separation of the intact tissue from the treated, compacted, dehydrated and homogenised tissue areas and occlusion of the lumen of blood vessels treated with the device could be observed in all histological sections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of EnSeal? for laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy and ovariectomy in horses.  相似文献   

Effect of stock type characteristics and time of planting on field performance of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) seedlings on boreal reclamation sites   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Simon M. Landh?usser  Javier Rodriguez-Alvarez  Eckehart H. Marenholtz  Victor J. Lieffers 《New Forests》2012,43(5-6):679-693

Aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx) has great potential as a reclamation species for mining sites in the boreal forest, but planting stock has shown poor field performance after outplanting. In this study we tested how different aspen seedling characteristics and planting times affect field outplanting performance on reclamation sites. We produced three different types of aspen planting stock, which varied significantly in seedling size, root-to-shoot ratio (RSR), and total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) reserves in roots, by artificially manipulating shoot growth during seedling production. All three stock types were then field-planted either in late summer, late fall, or early spring after frozen storage. Seedlings were outplanted onto two reclaimed open-pit mining areas in the boreal forest region of central and east-central Alberta, Canada, which varied significantly in latitude, reclamation history, and soil conditions. Overall, height growth was better in aspen stock types with high RSR and TNC reserves. Differences in field performance among aspen stock types appeared to be more strongly expressed when seedlings were exposed to more stressful environmental site conditions, such as low soil nutrients and moisture. Generally, aspen seedlings planted with leaves in the summer showed the poorest performance, and summer- or fall-planted seedlings with no shoot growth manipulation had much greater stem dieback after the first winter. This indicates that the dormancy and hardening of the stem, as a result of premature bud set treatments, could improve the outplanting performance of aspen seedlings, particularly those planted during summer and fall.  相似文献   

Evidence is at the core of scientific method: a challenge for clinicians     

More SJ 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,191(1):11-12

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Radiographic and scintigraphic evaluation of the third carpal bone of control horses and horses with carpal lameness     

Simon V  Dyson SJ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2012,53(4):465-473

We compared the radiographic and scintigraphic findings in the third carpal bone of horses performing different work disciplines and investigated their relationship with lameness. Horses had undergone carpal radiography including acquisition of a dorsoproximal-dorsodistal oblique (DPr-DDiO) image of the distal row of carpal bones and/or scintigraphic examination of the carpi. Cause of lameness, breed, age, and work discipline were recorded. Increased opacity in the third carpal bone was graded, ratio of radiopharmaceutical uptake calculated objectively, and increased radiopharmaceutical uptake graded subjectively. Relationships between radiographic, scintigraphic, and clinical findings were assessed statistically. Increased opacity in the third carpal bone (P = 0.003) and ratio of radiopharmaceutical uptake (P = 0.015) were associated with the work discipline. Increased opacity in the third carpal bone was associated with both increased radiopharmaceutical uptake grade (P = 0.002; rs = 0.59) and ratio of radiopharmaceutical uptake (P = 0.013; rs = 0.46). Increased radiopharmaceutical uptake and increased opacity in the third carpal bone were not always observed concurrently. Lameness related to the middle carpal joint was associated with increased opacity (P < 0.001), ratio of radiopharmaceutical uptake (P = 0.037), and increased radiopharmaceutical uptake grade (P < 0.001). Radiographic and scintigraphic abnormalities were observed in horses performing all disciplines, indicating that high-speed exercise may not be the only factor determining the development of osseous disease in the third carpal bone. Both increased opacity and increased radiopharmaceutical uptake were more likely to be seen in horses with lameness related to the middle carpal joint than in horses with other sources of pain.  相似文献   

Risk factors for equine laminitis: a systematic review with quality appraisal of published evidence     

Wylie CE  Collins SN  Verheyen KL  Newton JR 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,193(1):58-66

Epidemiological studies into the risk factors for naturally-occurring equine laminitis are limited. There are a small number of such studies, although the results are inconsistent and remain disputed. The reasons for the conflicting results remain unclear. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate previous research in order to identify publications which provide the best evidence of risk factors for naturally-occurring equine laminitis. A systematic review of English language publications was conducted using MEDLINE (1950-2010), CAB Direct (1910-2010) and IVIS (1997-2010). Additional publications were included by searching bibliographies. Search terms included laminitis, equine, risk factors and epidemiology. Publications which compared a case population to a control population and made inferences about parameters as risk factors for naturally-occurring equine laminitis were included. Information was extracted using predefined data fields, including 18 study quality indicators. In total, 17 publications were fully appraised. Six were considered to provide the most reliable information about risk factors for naturally-occurring laminitis. Information on signalment was well researched and there was good evidence for an association with chronic laminitis and increasing age. There remain inconsistent results for many other horse-level risk factors including gender, breed and bodyweight. Previous publications estimating risk factors for equine laminitis were of reasonable quality, although they were limited in the number and scope of the risk factors studied. High-quality, evidence-based studies are needed to identify further risk factors and to establish consensus over previously identified risk factors for different equine populations.  相似文献   

Lung lobe torsion in association with a chronic diaphragmatic hernia and haemorrhagic pleural effusion in a cat     

Hambrook LE  Kudnig ST 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2012,14(3):219-223

CLINICAL SUMMARY: This report describes torsion of the right cranial lung lobe in a cat with haemorrhagic pleural effusion and a chronic diaphragmatic hernia. Surgical treatment comprising lung lobectomy without de-rotation, and repair of the diaphragmatic defect, led to an uneventful recovery. PRACTICAL RELEVANCE: Lung lobe torsion is a rare condition in cats. While spontaneous lung lobe torsions may occur, a frequent association with underlying thoracic disease has been recognised in cats. However, neither haemorrhagic pleural effusion nor diaphragmatic hernia have been previously described in cats with lung lobe torsions, although they have been documented in dogs and humans. In a cat with suspected lung lobe torsion, a thorough search for an underlying disease should be undertaken.  相似文献   

A priori valuation of land use for the conservation of black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis)     

Simon Morgan  Rob Slotow 《Biological conservation》2009,142(2):384-393

The appropriateness of using carrying capacity (CC) estimates to indicate habitat utilisation for a particular species, and thus as a tool for conservation population planning, has been questioned. We argue individual fitness is driven by resource availability, and we therefore assume individuals select habitats with a higher quality, abundance, and availability of key resources. In the past such selection has been related to the CC of a habitat. We tested whether we can use CC estimates to indicate habitat selection by individuals using a selective forager, black rhinoceros Diceros bicornis, for which CC approaches underpin species conservation plans. We tested for correlation of individuals’ habitat selection with predicted CC values at three spatial scales of selection. Individual selection was not related to the value of the habitat according to our CC estimates for any of the three scales we tested at. We discuss how density-dependence, environmental variables, scale of selection, individual variation and intra- and inter-specific dynamics may have influenced these results. Following this, we question the use of a priori calculations of potential resource quality and abundance of habitats (CC estimates), which do not take into account the various factors that influence an animal’s selection of a habitat, as an indicator of species habitat selection. We raise caution regarding the use of such CC models to determine optimal population numbers for an area.  相似文献   

基于离子选择性电极的硝酸盐快速检测系统   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

张淼  Ang S. Simon  Nguyen V. Chien  李莉 《农业工程学报》2009,25(13):235-239

介绍了一种用于快速检测溶液中硝酸盐含量的流体控制系统。系统选用自主研发的以聚吡咯聚合物为膜材料的硝酸盐离子选择性电极作为传感单元,通过底层数据采集器编程控制微型泵和微型阀,实现检测溶液的自动传输控制。根据流体控制流程,离子选择性电极的标定溶液浓度选择为10-1、10-3和10-4 mol/L,标定时间可控制在4.5 min以内,每个样品检测时间为90 s。在10-4～10-1 mol/L的硝酸盐浓度范围内,电极的电势响应斜率值相对稳定,系统的硝酸盐含量检测下限约为10-4 mol/L,可基本满足对土壤浸提溶液和生活饮用水硝酸盐含量的快速和低成本检测要求。  相似文献   

Catchment zoning to enhance co‐benefits and minimize trade‐offs between ecosystem services and freshwater biodiversity conservation          下载免费PDF全文

Virgilio Hermoso  Lorenzo Cattarino  Simon Linke  Mark J. Kennard 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2018,28(4):1004-1014