Vacuolar invertases in sweet potato: molecular cloning, characterization, and analysis of gene expression   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wang LT  Wang AY  Hsieh CW  Chen CY  Sung HY 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(9):3672-3678

Two cDNAs (Ib beta fruct2 and Ib beta fruct3) encoding vacuolar invertases were cloned from sweet potato leaves, expressed in Pichia pastoris, and the recombinant proteins were purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on Ni-NTA agarose. The deduced amino acid sequences encoded by the cDNAs contained characteristic conserved elements of vacuolar invertases, including the sequence R[G/A/P]xxxGVS[E/D/M]K[S/T/A/R], located in the prepeptide region, Wxxx[M/I/V]LxWQ, located around the starting site of the mature protein, and an intact beta-fructosidase motif. The pH optimum, the substrate specificity, and the apparent K(m) values for sucrose exhibited by the recombinant proteins were similar to those of vacuolar invertases purified from sweet potato leaves and cell suspensions, thus confirming that the proteins encoded by Ib beta fruct2 and Ib beta fruct3 are vacuolar invertases. Moreover, northern analysis revealed that the expression of the two genes was differentially regulated. With the exception of mature leaves and sprouting storage roots, Ib beta fruct2 mRNA is widely expressed among the tissues of the sweet potato and is more abundant in young sink tissues. By contrast, Ib beta fruct3 mRNA was only detected in shoots and in young and mature leaves. It appears, therefore, that these two vacuolar invertases play different physiological roles during the development of the sweet potato plant.  相似文献   

Reactive oxygen species scavenging activity of Du-zhong (Eucommia ulmoides oliv.) and its active compounds     

Yen GC  Hsieh CL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2000,48(8):3431-3436

The biologically active compounds and free radical-/ or reactive oxygen species (ROS)-/ scavenging effect of water extract from Du-zhong (WEDZ) were investigated. The WEDZ used included leaves, raw cortex, and roasted cortex. The hot water extract of Du-zhong leaves showed marked activity as a ROS scavenger, and the scavenging effect was concentration dependent. The extract of roasted cortex exhibited a modest scavenging effect on ROS, while the extract of raw cortex had the weakest scavenging effect. The scavenging activity of WEDZ on ROS was correlated to its protocatechuic acid (PCA) content. The content of PCA in Du-zhong determined by HPLC followed the order of leaves (17.17 mg/g) > roasted cortex (2.99 mg/g) > raw cortex (1.16 mg/g). The inhibitory activity of leaf extract of Du-zhong was stronger than that of PCA on the peroxidation of linoleic acid at the same concentration of 0.1 mg/mL. The results presented herein indicated that extract of Du-zhong could possibly act as a prophylactic agent to prevent free radical-related diseases.  相似文献   

Dissipation of 2,4-D glyphosate and paraquat in river water     

Yei -Shung Wang  Jui -Hung Yen  Yar -Ning Hsieh  Yun -Lin Chen 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1994,72(1-4):1-7

Dissipation of herbicides in river water was determined by adding different concentrations of 2,4-D, glyphosate and paraquat to samples of river water. A small variation of dissipation of radioactivity for¹⁴C-2,4-D in higher and lower concentrations and in different samples of river water was found. But about half the radioactivity disappeared from water samples of original glyphosate concentration at 100 mg L^?1 and, in the case of 100 μg L^?1, only 11 to 22% remained in the samples of river water after 56 d incubation except the sample from Hsin-Tien River. More than 80% of paraquat remained in water samples. Determination of octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) showed a large difference in amounts of 2,4-D partitioned in water phase at different pH values, 97.4% at the higher pH of ionic state and 5.2% at the lower pH of molecular state, implying that pH value of water might affect the bioaccumulation process of 2,4-D. The result showed that 95.0% of glyphosate present in water phase in ionic form (higher pH) and 82.3% in molecular form (lower pH), indicating that glyphosate might have no affect on the biomagnification, since most of glyphosate could be excreted with water by organisms.  相似文献   

Applying DNA techniques to the identification of the species of dressed toasted eel products     

Hwang DF  Jen HC  Hsieh YW  Shiau CY 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(19):5972-5977

To differentiate the species of processed eel products, the gene identification of four fresh eel species was first established and the species of eel products collected from markets were investigated. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis were used to determine the genetic variation in a 362-nucleotide region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene in four fresh eels including Anguilla japonica, Anguilla anguilla, Anguilla rostrata, and Muraenesox cinereus. It was found that each eel species had a unique genotype, which was no different among fresh, frozen, and sterilized meats. The restriction enzyme HinfI could differentiate the species of A. japonica and A. rostrata but could not differentiate A. anguilla and M. cinereus. Another restriction enzyme, Sau96 I, was valuable in the differentiation of M. cinereus from the other three species of Anguilla. By applying PCR and restriction enzymes, the species of 12 commercial eel products were identified as A. japonica (9 samples), A. anguilla (2), and A. rostrata (1). This indicated that the sequence and restriction enzyme cutting site analyses were very usable to authenticate species of different processed eel products.  相似文献   

Synthesis and measurement of ultrafast waveforms from five discrete optical harmonics     

Chan HS  Hsieh ZM  Liang WH  Kung AH  Lee CK  Lai CJ  Pan RP  Peng LH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,331(6021):1165-1168

Achieving the control of light fields in a manner similar in sophistication to the control of electromagnetic fields in the microwave and radiofrequency regimes has been a major challenge in optical physics research. We manipulated the phase and amplitude of five discrete harmonics spanning the blue to mid-infrared frequencies to produce instantaneous optical fields in the shape of square, sawtooth, and subcycle sine and cosine pulses at a repetition rate of 125 terahertz. Furthermore, we developed an all-optical shaper-assisted linear cross-correlation technique to retrieve these fields and thereby verified their shapes and confirmed the critical role of carrier-envelope phase in Fourier synthesis of optical waveforms.  相似文献   

Electron microscopy analysis of carboxymethylcellulase in rhizobia     

Chun-Yi Hu  Wen-Sheng Tseng  Shu-Ling Hsieh  Yo-Chia Chen  Shang-Shyng Yang 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2009,41(2):431-434

Here we analyzed carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase; EC 3, 2, 1, 4), one of the key enzymes in the early symbiotic process, in Rhizobium. Specific immunogold labeling of electron microscopy was confirmed in Sinorhizobium fredii BCRC15769, ATCC35423, Sinorhizobium meliloti ATCC9930, and barely detected in Bradyrhizobium japonicum BCRC13528, ATCC10324 and Rhizobium rhizogenes ATCC11325. Non-specific labeling was detected in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae ATCC10004, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii ATCC10328, and Mesorhizobium loti ATCC33669. Treatment of S. fredii BCRC15769 in the early log phase with the flavonoid genistein caused relocalization of CMCase. Together our data suggests a role for CMCase in early symbiosis.  相似文献   

Production of Oat Cakes from Extruded Pellets     

L. Han  H. E. Huff  F. Hsieh 《Cereal Chemistry》2008,85(4):522-529

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The Renin-Angiotensin System in the Bovine Utero-Placental Unit     

AH Nielsen  KH Schauser  H Winther  V Dantzer  K Poulsen 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2000,35(3-4):153-156

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Parvalbumin characteristics in the sonic muscle of a freshwater ornamental grunting toadfish (Allenbatrachus grunniens)     

Kuo-Hsun Chiu  Fu-Ming Hsieh  Yu-Yun Chen  Hurng-Wern Huang  Jentaie Shiea  Hin-Kiu Mok 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(2):107-119

The grunting toadfish, Allenbatrachus grunniens, is an ornamental fish in freshwater aquariums, and it has the ability to produce sounds. The sonic muscle of the toadfish is the fastest vertebrate muscle ever measured, and the rates of Ca²⁺ transport and cross-bridge dissociation are also the fastest. Parvalbumins (PAs) are Ca²⁺-binding proteins that help in muscle relaxation in vertebrates. Several PA isoforms have been identified in variable ratios in different muscle types. Both male and female grunting toadfish have intrinsic sonic muscles attached to their swim bladders, but no significant difference in morphology between male and female sonic muscles has been observed. In this study, we used SDS-PAGE and western blotting to characterize the total PA expression and to identify the PAs from the sonic muscle and the white body muscle of A. grunniens. Although the total PA concentrations were similar in sonic and white muscles, there were differences in the isoform percentages. Two and four PA isoforms were identified from sonic muscle and white muscle, respectively. The estimated sizes of PA1, PA2, and PA3 in the sonic muscle of the grunting toadfish were 10, 10.5, and 10.5 kDa, respectively, and the isoelectric points of PA1, PA2, and PA3 in the grunting toadfish were 4.77, 4.58, and 4.42, respectively. In the sonic muscle, the primary PA isoform was PA1, which comprised more than 94 % of total PA, whereas PA2 comprised only 5 % of the total PA content. In contrast, in white muscle, the primary isoform was PA2, which comprised 58 % of the total PA. Both PA1 (with PA1a) and PA3 represented approximately 20 % of the total PA in white muscle. These results indicate that there is no positive correlation between a high PA content and the speed of muscle relaxation; however, PA1 might have the greatest effect on the relaxation of the grunting toadfish’s sonic muscle.  相似文献   

Sound absorbent,flame retardant warp knitting spacer fabrics: Manufacturing techniques and characterization evaluations     

Yi-Jun Pan  Chien-Teng Hsieh  Chien-Lin Huang  Chen-Hung Huang  Ching-Wen Lou  Che-Wei Li  Jia-Horng Lin 《Fibers and Polymers》2015,16(12):2682-2688

This study proposes a combination for reciprocal reinforcement between warp knitting spacer fabrics and PU foams. PET/Kevlar nonwoven fabrics are made with an 80:20 ratio and an incorporation of various needle-punching speed of 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 needles/min. Ascribing to having an optimal bursting strength, sound absorption coefficient, and limited oxygen index (LOI), the PET/Kevlar nonwoven fabric that is made by 200 needles/min are selected to be combined with a glass-fiber fabric by applying needle punch in order to form a surface layer. Next, warp knitting spacer fabrics and the nonwoven fabrics are laminated, followed by being combined with polyurethane (PU) foam that are featured with different densities of 200, 210, 220, 230, and 240 kg/m³ in order to form spacer fabric/PU foam composites with multiple functions. The composites are then tested with a drop-weight test, a compression test, a bursting strength test, a sound absorption test, and a horizontal burning test. The test results indicate that all spacer fabric/PU foam composites reach a horizontal burning level of HF1, and their sound absorption coefficients at 2500-4000 Hz also suggest a satisfactory sound absorption. In particular, the optimal residual stress and compressive strength are present when the composites contain 210 kg/m³ PU foam. Similarly, the optimal bursting strength of the composites occurs when they are composed of 230 kg/m³ PU foam. The spacer fabric/PU foam composites are proven to have high strengths, sound absorption, and fire retardant, and thus have promising potentials for use as construction materials and light weight composite planks.  相似文献