Local adaptation studies and conservation: Parasite–host interactions between the endangered freshwater mussel Unio crassus and its host fish          下载免费PDF全文

Lea D. Schneider  P. Anders Nilsson  Johan Höjesjö  E. Martin Österling 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2017,27(6):1261-1269

High variability in spawning migration of sea trout,Salmo trutta,in two northern Swedish rivers     

J. ÖSTERGREN  H. LUNDQVIST  J. NILSSON 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2011,18(1):72-82

Abstract Telemetry was used to examine spawning migration of sea trout, Salmo trutta L. (n = 126), in two rivers in northern Sweden. The spawning areas defined by radio‐tagged fish differed between the river systems. In the River Vindelälven, sea trout spawned in the main stem and 80% of tagged individuals returned to areas where hatchery‐reared juveniles had been previously stocked. In the River Piteälven, 74% of tagged sea trout ascended tributaries for spawning. Tagged fish were categorised into three groups of migratory pattern. cart (classification and regression tree) analysis indicated that distance from tagging location to spawning site (S_dist) explained the migratory patterns. Large S_dist separated fish with stepwise upstream migration from those with up‐ and downstream migrations and one‐directional direct migration. Fish tagged early in the season migrated the longest distance to spawning areas. Stocking locations and sex explained the large search behaviour up‐ and downstream in the rivers. The findings are important for the sustainable management of sea trout in the Gulf of Bothnia.  相似文献   

Determination of amino acid and fatty acid composition of goldband goatfish [Upeneus moluccensis (Bleeker, 1855)] fishing from the Gulf of Antalya (Turkey)     

Doğan  Güntekin  Ertan  Ömer Osman 《International Aquatic Research》2017,9(4):313-327

In this study, we aimed to determine the basic food components, fatty acids and amino acids, and variations in these components with months in goldband goatfish (Upeneus moluccensis) that fishing from Gulf of Antalya. As a result of the analyzes, the crude fat values were determined between 1.43 and 3.78%, and the crude protein values were determined between 20.79 and 22.16%. The most abundant fatty acids were determined: palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), palmitoleic acid (C16:1c9), oleic acid (C18:1c9), linoleic acid (C18:2n-6), eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n-3), arachidonic acid (C20:4n-6), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5n-3), docosapentaenoic acid (C22:5n-6), and docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6n-3). The most abundant amino acids were determined lysine and leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine, and glycine. The differentiations of essential nutrient components, fatty acids, and amino acids were found generally significant (P < 0.05).

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Response of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyprinus carpio</Emphasis> to copper exposure: alterations in reduced glutathione,catalase and proteins electrophoretic patterns     

Özgür Fırat  Ferit Kargın 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(4):1021-1028

This study was conducted to characterize the alterations in reduced glutathione (GSH) level, catalase (CAT) activity and proteins electrophoretic patterns in response to sublethal copper (Cu) exposure in Cyprinus carpio and to determine whether these responses are related to Cu accumulation in gills, chosen as target tissue. Fish were exposed to 0.1 and 1.0 mg/l Cu for 10 and 20 days. There were increasing level of Cu in the gill with increasing concentrations of metal in the exposure medium, and with increasing duration of exposure. GSH level and CAT activity increased in fish exposed to 1.0 mg/l Cu for both exposure periods, while no change was detected at the lower Cu concentration. Electrophoretic patterns of gill proteins by sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis (SDS–PAGE) consist of 25-, 26-, 30-, 44- and 48-kDA medium molecular weight proteins (MMP) for five bands and 64-, 72-, 90- and 101-kDA high molecular weight proteins (HMP) for four bands in both control and treatment groups. The levels of 25-, 26- and 30-kDA MMP and 72- and 90-kDA HMP increased in response to Cu exposure. The present study demonstrated that Cu caused stress in fish gills and an acclimation with induction of GSH, CAT, MMP and HMP, which were important in the protection against metal damage, was observed.  相似文献   

Comparative survival and growth performance of European lobster Homarus gammarus post‐larva reared on novel feeds     

James Hinchcliffe  Adam Powell  Markus Langeland  Aleksandar Vidakovic  Ingrid Undeland  Kristina Sundell  Susanne P. Eriksson 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(1):102-113

One approach to ongrow juvenile European lobster, Homarus gammarus, is to utilize land based rearing systems, incorporating automated feeding, individual culture and provision of stable pelleted feeds, preferably using sustainable ingredients. We initiated three feeding experiments to investigate the general suitability of ingredients produced from seafood by‐products as novel feeds for H. gammarus, in terms of promoting survival, development and growth of post‐larval lobsters from post‐larvae (PL) stage IV to the first juvenile stage (stage V). The first experiment was designed to screen an array of candidate, locally produced, novel protein sources on growth performance parameters. This initial experiment revealed that PL reared on a raw (i.e. wet, unprocessed shrimp) feed used as a reference showed superior performance to those reared on experimental feeds containing fishmeal, herring protein isolate or mussel meal; however, a novel type of shrimp meal, produced by flocculation from waste water, promoted the best PL performance of any experimental feed. A second experiment was designed to test the effect of drying method and to optimize the form of a wet shrimp reference feed used by lobster hatcheries. This showed that the performance of PL reared on experimental freeze‐dried shrimp feed was not significantly different to those reared on the wet, unprocessed shrimp used as a reference feed. However, lobsters offered experimental oven‐dried shrimp feed (with or without an immune supplement) resulted in significantly lower survival or growth performance. A third and final experiment was designed in an attempt to improve a candidate herring‐based protein source, by supplementing with nutrients found in shrimp. However, the results showed that PL reared on the wet reference shrimp feed still showed superior growth and survival than those reared on a herring feed alone, or supplemented with additives found in shrimp meal (either glucosamine, astaxanthin or both supplements combined). The high survival and growth, low incidence of moulting problems and high availability of waste shrimp material, suggest that non‐heat‐treated shrimp products are a promising feed ingredient for post‐larval European lobsters.  相似文献   

Biological activity and organic matter mineralization of soils amended with biowaste composts     

Jens Leifeld  Stefanie Siebert  Ingrid Kgel‐Knabner 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2002,165(2):151-159

This study aims to elucidate the significance of compost and soil characteristics for the biological activity of compost‐amended soils. Two agricultural soils (Ap horizon, loamy arable Orthic Luvisol and Ah horizon, sandy meadow Dystric Cambisol) and a humus‐free sandy mineral substrate were amended with two biowaste composts of different maturity in a controlled microcosm system for 18 months at 5 °C and 14 °C, respectively. Compost application increased the organic matter mineralization, the C_mic : C_org ratio, and the metabolic quotients significantly in all treatments. The total amount of C_org mineralized ranged from < 1 % (control plots) to 20 % (compost amended Dystric Cambisol). Incubation at 14 °C resulted in 2.7‐ to 4‐fold higher cumulative C_org mineralization compared to 5 °C. The C_mic : C_org ratios of the compost‐amended plots declined rapidly during the first 6 months and reached a similar range as the control plots at the end of the experiment. This effect may identify the compost‐derived microbial biomass as an easily degradable C source. Decreasing mineralization rates and metabolic quotients indicated a shift from a compost‐derived to a soil‐adapted microbial community. The C_org mineralization of the compost amended soils was mainly regulated by the compost maturity and the soil texture (higher activity in the sandy textured soils). The pattern of biological activity in the compost‐amended mineral substrate did not differ markedly from that of the compost‐amended agricultural soils, showing that the turnover of compost‐derived organic matter dominated the overall decay process in each soil. However, a priming effect occurring for the Dystric Cambisol indicated, that the effect of compost application may be soil specific.  相似文献   

A Marine λ-Oligocarrageenan Inhibits Migratory and Invasive Ability of MDA-MB-231 Human Breast Cancer Cells through Actions on Heparanase Metabolism and MMP-14/MMP-2 Axis     

Rmi Cousin  Hugo Groult  Chanez Manseur  Romain Ferru-Clment  Mario Gani  Rachel Havret  Claire Toucheteau  Grgoire Prunier  Batrice Colin  Franck Morel  Jean-Marie Piot  Isabelle Lanneluc  Kvin Baranger  Thierry Maugard  Ingrid Fruitier-Arnaudin 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)

Sugar-based molecules such as heparins or natural heparan sulfate polysaccharides have been developed and widely studied for controlling heparanase (HPSE) enzymatic activity, a key player in extracellular matrix remodelling during cancer pathogenesis. However, non-enzymatic functions of HPSE have also been described in tumour mechanisms. Given their versatile properties, we hypothesized that sugar-based inhibitors may interfere with enzymatic but also non-enzymatic HPSE activities. In this work, we assessed the effects of an original marine λ-carrageenan derived oligosaccharide (λ-CO) we previously described, along with those of its native counterpart and heparins, on cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells but also of sh-MDA-MB-231 cells, in which the expression of HPSE was selectively downregulated. We observed no cytotoxic and no anti-proliferative effects of our compounds but surprisingly λ-CO was the most efficient to reduce cell migration and invasion compared with heparins, and in a HPSE-dependent manner. We provided evidence that λ-CO tightly controlled a HPSE/MMP-14/MMP-2 axis, leading to reduced MMP-2 activity. Altogether, this study highlights λ-CO as a potent HPSE “modulator” capable of reducing not only the enzymatic activity of HPSE but also the functions controlled by the HPSE levels.  相似文献   

Determination of Lipid Peroxidation and Fatty Acid Compositions in the Caviars of Rainbow Trout and Carp     

Ayşe Gürel Inanlı  Özlem Emir Çoban  Ökkeş Yılmaz  Emine Özpolat  Nermin Karaton Kuzgun 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2018,27(7):803-810

In this study, roes obtained from carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) that were caught in Keban Dam Lake (Turkey) and cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were processed as caviar, and the products were stored at + 4 C°. Lipid peroxidation and the compositions of fatty acids of these products were assessed during production and storage period. The result of fatty analyses showed that palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), oleic acid (18:1), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are all essential fatty acids, were determined in the caviars of the roes obtained from rainbow trout and carp. According to results of chemical analyses, there were no significant differences in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) between rainbow trout and carp caviars (p > 0.05), but malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that caviars obtained from both rainbow trout and carp roes are rich in fatty acids and take a part in a balanced and healthy diet.  相似文献   

First record of Drosophila suzukii in the areas of the Republic of Cyprus not under the effective control of the government of the Republic of Cyprus          下载免费PDF全文

B. Özbek Çatal  M. Helvaci  A. F. Çalışkan Keçe  M. R. Ulusoy 《EPPO Bulletin》2018,48(2):274-276

In this paper, the authors report the first record of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the areas of the Republic of Cyprus not under the effective control of the government of the Republic of Cyprus. This pest was found in September 2016 on Prunus armeniaca L. in Morfou and identification of the pest was carried out by the first author.  相似文献   

Lithuanian Populations of Phytophthora infestans Revealed a High Phenotypic Diversity     

Runno-Paurson  Eve  Ronis  Antanas  Hansen  Merili  Aav  Alice  Williams  Ingrid H 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2015,122(2):57-65

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - This is the first characterisation of Lithuanian populations of Phytophthora infestans with mating type and virulence on a differential set of 11 R genes...  相似文献