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Eurasian Soil Science - The vertical zonality of the soil cover of the Verkhoyansk mountainous soil province is discussed. The soils of the landscape-ecological profile in the area of the Arkachan...  相似文献   
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A stem cell molecular signature   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Mechanisms regulating self-renewal and cell fate decisions in mammalian stem cells are poorly understood. We determined global gene expression profiles for mouse and human hematopoietic stem cells and other stages of the hematopoietic hierarchy. Murine and human hematopoietic stem cells share a number of expressed gene products, which define key conserved regulatory pathways in this developmental system. Moreover, in the mouse, a portion of the genetic program of hematopoietic stem cells is shared with embryonic and neural stem cells. This overlapping set of gene products represents a molecular signature of stem cells.  相似文献   
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The contents of magnetic spherules and 137Cs and 210Pb isotopes were determined in gray forest soils of the Novosil Agroforest Experimental Station in Orel oblast (central part of European Russia). The spatial variability in the contents of these substances was studied, and their distribution in the soil profiles and along soil transects within the afforested and cultivated slopes was analyzed. Factors and processes favoring the accumulation of magnetic spherules and 137Cs and 210Pb isotopes in the soils, as well as their removal from the soils, were revealed. Similarities and distinctions in the patterns of their behavior were interpreted. Prospects for the combined use of these three tracers to estimate the rates of soil erosion and sediment deposition on the soil surface were tested.  相似文献   
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Alkaloids comprise one of the largest groups of plant secondary metabolites including vinca alkaloids. The ability of six alkaloids from Veratrum lobelianum, one from Veratrum nigrum and three from Peganum nigellastrum to modify transport activity of MDR1 was studied. Flow-cytometry in a multidrug-resistant human MDR1-gene-transfected mouse lymphoma cells (L5178Y) was applied. The inhibition of multidrug resistance was investigated by measuring the accumulation of rhodamine-123 in cancer cells.Veralosinine and veranigrine were the most effective resistance modifiers. In a checkerboard method veralosinine and veranigrine enhanced the antiproliferative effects of doxorubicin on MDR cells in combination. The structure-activity relationships were discussed.  相似文献   
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The influence of ground fires of different intensities on the nitrogen pool in the sandy soils under pine forests of the middle taiga zone after their experimental burning was studied. The contents of total nitrogen and its ammonium form increased due to the input of great amounts of plant falloff during the first year after the fire. Within two years after the fire, the content of nitrogen and the percentages of its forms approached their initial values before the fire. The adverse effect of the pyrogenic factor on the biological activity of the sandy podzols was shown.  相似文献   
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The population of saprotrophic, oligotrophic, and nitrogen-fixing microorganisms was determined in cryogenic forest soils of central Yakutia. The number of saprotrophic bacteria ranged between 108 and 1010 cell/g of soil. In the soils of Buryatia, this parameter (108) was 4 orders of magnitude as high as in the soils of European Russia (106). According to the increase in the total number of microorganisms in the soils studied, the forests were arranged in the following sequence: pine forest—birch forest—larch forest. The main factor that determined the saturation of the studied frozen soils with microorganisms was the landscape, i.e., the forest type and the soil type. Of minor importance were the weather conditions of the year or season investigated, which defined the intra-and interspecies variation of the total population of the soil microorganisms.  相似文献   
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Marine microorganisms have evolved for millions of years to survive in the environments characterized by one or more extreme physical or chemical parameters, e.g., high pressure, low temperature or high salinity. Marine bacteria have the ability to produce a range of biologically active molecules, such as antibiotics, toxins and antitoxins, antitumor and antimicrobial agents, and as a result, they have been a topic of research interest for many years. Among these biologically active molecules, the carbohydrate antigens, lipopolysaccharides (LPSs, O-antigens) found in cell walls of gram-negative marine bacteria, show great potential as candidates in the development of drugs to prevent septic shock due to their low virulence. The structural diversity of LPSs is thought to be a reflection of the ability for these bacteria to adapt to an array of habitats, protecting the cell from being compromised by exposure to harsh environmental stress factors. Over the last few years, the variety of structures of core oligosaccharides and O-specific polysaccharides from LPSs of marine microrganisms has been discovered. In this review, we discuss the most recently encountered structures that have been identified from bacteria belonging to the genera Aeromonas, Alteromonas, Idiomarina, Microbulbifer, Pseudoalteromonas, Plesiomonas and Shewanella of the Gammaproteobacteria phylum; Sulfitobacter and Loktanella of the Alphaproteobactera phylum and to the genera Arenibacter, Cellulophaga, Chryseobacterium, Flavobacterium, Flexibacter of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides phylum. Particular attention is paid to the particular chemical features of the LPSs, such as the monosaccharide type, non-sugar substituents and phosphate groups, together with some of the typifying traits of LPSs obtained from marine bacteria. A possible correlation is then made between such features and the environmental adaptations undertaken by marine bacteria.  相似文献   
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