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排序方式: 共有106条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
Marco Antonio Alvarenga PhD Frederico O. Papa Marcio T. Carmo Tathiane Kievitsbosch Maria Manoela B. Castro Chaves Carlos Ramires Neto 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2012
Removal of excess seminal plasma is sometimes necessary to increase the quality and the longevity of cooled equine semen; moreover, this procedure is an indispensable step aiming to concentrate the sperm cells before freezing equine semen. Typically, the removal of seminal plasma is achieved by centrifugation; however, studies have shown that the force and duration of centrifugation can damage sperm cells and reduce the sperm recovery rate. Recently, new methodologies, such as cushion and filtration, have been described that aim to decrease the mechanical damage of centrifugation to sperm cells. This study aims to compare different methods for concentrating stallion semen. 相似文献
32.
Leandro Maia MV MS Maria Vernica de Souza MV MS DS Pharmacist-Biochemical Jos Ivo Ribeiro Júnior BS MS DS Acio Carlos de Oliveira Geraldo Eleno Silveira Alves MV MS DS Larcio dos Anjos Benjamin MV MS DS Yamê Fabres Robaina Sancler Silva Bruna Mota Zandim MV Jos do Carmo Lopes Moreira MD MS 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2009,29(8):618-626
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the treatment of tendinopathy induced in the superficial digital flexor tendon (TFDS) of horses, by using histologic evaluation. Six healthy crossbred geldings aged 8 to 15 years (12 ± 3) were used. The TFDS tendinopathy was provoked in both forelimbs, by intratendinous administration of 2.5 mg collagenase (2.5 mg/mL), and this procedure was considered as the beginning of the experimental phase. At 12 days after induction of the tendinopathy, the animals were subjected to the following treatments: (1) in the lesion caused in the right superficial digital flexor tendon (PRP-treated group), 2.5 mL PRP activated with calcium chloride at 0.0125 mol/L at concentrations from 320,000 to 500,000 platelets/μL, were injected; (2) in the tendinopathy of the left SDFT (control group), 2.5 mL 0.9% saline solution was administrated. Thirty-six days after the treatments, a biopsy of the injured area was performed for histologic evaluation. In both groups, the histologic analysis showed an increase in the fibroblastic density, as well as the presence of neovascularization, lymphocytes, and plasmocytes infiltrate and tissue organization at variable intensity. In the PRP-treated group, the SDFT was more organized, with the collagen fibers and fibroblasts being better arranged on the tendon matrix. The numbers of the fibroblasts and blood vessels did not differ between the groups. Histologic evaluation 36 days after tendinopathy showed that injuries under a single PRP treatment present a more uniform and organized tissue repair when compared with the control group. 相似文献
33.
Partition coefficients of organophosphorus and organochlorine insecticides were determined in several types of membrane. Insecticide partitioning varied among the membranes under study, depending on temperature, cholesterol content and on the physico-chemical profiles of membrane components and the insecticides themselves. The maximal partitions for DDT, lindane, parathion and malathion in egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers over the temperature range from 10 to 37°C (at which the lipid is in the liquid-crystalline state) were about 260000, 2000, 1000 and 120, respectively. Incorporation of 50 mol% cholesterol in egg phosphatidylcholine bilayers dramatically decreased the partition and almost abolished the temperature effect. First-order phase transitions of dimyristoyl-, dipalmitoyl- and distearoylphosphatidylcholines (DMPC, DPPC and DSPC) were accompanied by a sharp increase in insecticide partition. Furthermore, the insecticides under study were more easily accommodated in bilayers of short-aliphatic-chain lipids, since higher values of partition were obtained in DMPC bilayers. Partition values in native membranes depended considerably on the membrane type and composition and were higher in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and mitochondria than in brain microsomes, myelin and erythrocytes. Identical results were obtained in related liposomes of total extracted lipids, although the absolute partitions showed decreased values. In general, the incorporation of insecticides correlated reasonably with the cholesterol content of the membranes. The order of partitioning of the above insecticides did not run parallel with their toxicity to mammals and, both in model and in native membranes, followed the sequence: DDT ? lindane > parathion > malathion. 相似文献
34.
Renan Rosa Paulino Rodrigo Fortes‐Silva Martha Janeth Prieto‐Guevara Edgar Junio Damasceno Rodrigues Leandro Santos Costa Anglica Priscila do Carmo Alves Aires Oliva Teles Priscila Vieira Rosa 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(4):1567-1583
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of dietary lipid source [linseed oil (LO, rich in 18:3 n?3); corn oil (CO, rich in 18:2 n?6); olive oil (OO, rich in 18:1n?9); and fish oil (FO, rich in LC‐PUFA)] and level (9% L and 18% L) on growth, body composition and selected plasma biochemistry parameters in hybrid catfish (Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum × Leiarius marmoratus) juveniles. Moreover, liver histology (lipids, glycogen, cell vacuolization) and key metabolic enzyme activities were also evaluated. After 8 weeks of feeding, there were no differences in growth performance and whole‐body composition between groups. Plasma lipoprotein, muscle and liver composition, and G6PD and ME activity were affected by lipid level and source. No differences were observed between groups in hepatic ALT activity; however, AST activity was lower in fish fed the 9% L diets. Overall, liver and muscle fatty acid composition reflected that of diet FA composition, with increased n3/n6 ratio, high HUFA and low MUFA in fish fed FO compared with the VO diets. Higher liver glycogen content was observed in fish fed the 18% L than the 9% L diets, except for fish fed FO diet. Considering the experimental diets used, these results indicate that hybrid catfish can efficiently utilize VO supplementation as an energy source, without affecting growth performance and fillet composition. 相似文献
35.
Luanna do Carmo Neves Filipe Cipriano Joo Paulo Silva Lorenzini Kauana Santos de Lima Cipriano Lucas Pedro Gonalves Junior Cintia L. Nakayama Ronald Kennedy Luz Kleber Campos Miranda Filho 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(10):2932-2937
Poecilia velifera is a popular fish in freshwater aquarism that naturally inhabits aquatic habitats with a wide range of salinities. Nonetheless, the effects of different salinities on the reproductive success and sex ratio of the species remain unknown. Male sex characters, sex ratio and reproductive success of P. velifera were evaluated by maintaining 160 juveniles (0.078 ± 0.011 g) in four different salinities (0; 12; 24; 36 g/L), with four replicates. The only modification observed in males was the formation of a copulatory organ from the anal fin, which was used to distinguish them from females. Timing of the formation of the male copulatory organ, and the weight and total length of males when it occurred, were recorded. Twenty‐eight fish from each treatment were euthanized after 150 day to examine the gonads and confirm sex. Eight females and four males from each treatment were then kept in their respective salinity treatments for 65 days to examine the effects of salinity on reproduction. Males were kept with females in the different treatments for 15 days, at which point they were removed. Salinity was negatively correlated with male weight and length. Salinity also affected the sex ratio, with the percentages of males and females being 32.5 and 67.5%, and 27.5 and 72.5% in the salinities of 24 and 36 g of salt/L, respectively. Fifty percent of the females kept in freshwater reproduced, while there was no reproduction in the other treatments. The maintenance of P. velifera in freshwater promoted greater reproductive success and precocity, as well as larger males. 相似文献
36.
Josângela do Carmo Trezena de Araújo Clístenes Williams Araújo do Nascimento 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,211(1-4):113-120
Phytoextraction is a soil remediation technique involving plants that concentrate heavy metals in their shoots, which may be removed from the area by harvest. The application of synthetic chelants to soil increases metal solubility, and therefore enhances phytoextraction. However, synthetic chelants degrade poorly in soil, and metal leaching poses a threat to human and animal health. The aim of this study is to assess the use of two biodegradable chelants (citric acid and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA)) for Pb phytoextraction by maize from a soil contaminated by battery-casing disposal. In order to assess the behavior of a non-degradable chelant, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) was also included in the experiment. The chelants NTA and EDTA were applied to soil pots at rates of 0, 3, 5, 7, and 10 mmol kg?1 of soil. The rates used to citric acid were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30 mmol kg?1. Maize plants were grown for 72 days and chelants were applied 9 days before harvest. Soil samples were extracted with CaCl2 to assess the Pb solubility after chelants application. The results showed that NTA was more efficient than citric acid to solubilize Pb from soil; however, citric acid promoted higher net removal of Pb (120 mg pot?1) than NTA (57 mg pot?1). Thus, the use of citric acid, a biodegradable organic acid, could be feasible for enhancing the phytoextraction of Pb from the site studied with no environmental constraints. 相似文献
37.
Marcelo Vinícius do Carmo E Sà Luiz Edivaldo Pezzato Margarida Maria Barros Pedro de Magalhates Padilha 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2005,36(3):375-383
Abstract— Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings were fed with purified or practical diets, supplemented with 150 mg Zd/kg, from different sources. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and gross energy (GE) apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC), as well as zinc, copper, calcium, and phosphorus apparent absorption coefficients (AAC) were determined by the addition of 0.1% chromic oxide to the diets. The supplemental zinc sources utilized were commercial grade zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZnSO)4, zinc oxide (ZnO) and a zinc amino acid complex (Zn‐AA). Analytical grade zinc sulfate heptahydrate was also utilized as a standard reference zinc source. There was a significant difference between purified (74.9%) and practical (41.3%) zinc AAC for the ZnO supplemented diets (P< 0.05). The supplemental zinc sources presented similar AAC when purified diets were utilized. However, ZnSO4, was the best supplemental zinc source when practical type diets were used. There were no significant differences between supplemental zinc AAC from ZnSO4, (68.9%), and supplemental zinc AAC from Zn‐AA (61.3%) in practical diets, but Zn‐AA diet showed a statistically lower zinc AAC when compared with the standard zinc source diet (75.6%). The practical diet supplemented with ZnO had the worst supplemental zinc AAC (41.3%). Dietary copper (74.2%), calcium (70.9%), and phosphorus (71.9%) AAC of the practical diets supplemented with ZnO were statistically lower (P < 0.05) than the respective AAC of the practical ZnSO4, supplemented diets (83.6%, 84.1%, 87.1%). The ADC of the practical ZnO supplemented diet for DM (76.30/), CP (88.6%), EE (82.4%), and GE (81.6%) were statistically lower than the respective ADC of the ZnSO4, practical diet (86.0,92.7,93.6,89.6%, respectively) and those ADC of the Zn‐AA practical diet (84.7,92.7,93.7, 88.2%, respectively) (P < 0.05). Hence, these results indicate that ZnSO4, and Zn‐AA have equivalent intestinal absorption as supplemental zinc sources for Nile tilapia juveniles and both are superior to ZnO. 相似文献
38.
Arianne Fabres Janaina de Campos Macedo da Silva Kátia V. S. Fernandes José Xavier-Filho Gustavo Lazzaro Rezende Antonia Elenir Amancio Oliveira 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(3):495-506
Tribolium castaneum is a pest of stored foods that causes serious economic losses. Understanding insect nutritional requirements and the effects of different diets on insect development can provide tools for developing strategies to control insect and integrated pest management systems. In this work we studied the performance of the T. castaneum on different plant diets composed of Vigna unguiculata, Phaseolus vulgaris and wheat flours. The diets interfered differentially with development and insect survival. Larvae size was reduced about 60 % in larvae fed with V. unguiculata flour. A delay in pupae formation was also observed. The larval mortality of 100 % was observed in the P. vulgaris diet. Carbohydrate and triglyceride showed variations during development and with different diets. Larvae fed with wheat diets showed a high concentration of carbohydrates 21 days after hatching (DAH) and triglyceride at 15 and 21 DAH. Larvae fed with wheat diets showed α-amylase activity during development. At 15 DAH the activity of larvae fed with V. unguiculata increased about 50 %. Cysteine protease activity in larvae fed with wheat remained high throughout development. Serine protease activity also varied according to diets. These results show that the nutritional state of developing larvae varies greatly with respect to triglycerides, carbohydrate and digestive enzymes depending on the diet and larval stage. Altogether, these results show that changes in dietary nutrients can interfere with insect physiology. Therefore changes in diet composition that may deprive insects of essential nutrients or include toxic compounds might be a good control strategy for stored product pests. 相似文献
39.
Shenia Oliveira Souza Marina de Magalhães Silva Josué Carinhanha Caldas Santos Luciana Camargo de Oliveira Janaina Braga do Carmo Wander Gustavo Botero 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2016,16(6):1764-1775
Purpose
Due to the modernization of the agro-industrial sector, compounds with different toxicity and effects on human health and animal have been used and consequently affecting the environment. Among them, tetracycline (TC) stands out as one of the antibiotics most commonly used worldwide. This study evaluated the TC interaction with different fractions of peat in natura and humic substances, humic acid, fulvic acid, and humin.Materials and methods
The different fractions of the organic matter were characterized by organic matter content, elemental analysis, spectroscopic analysis (E4/E6), and nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon 13 (NMR 13C), and the interaction between TC and different fractions of organic matter was made by fluorescence spectrometry. We used the tangential ultra-filtration system for determining the complexation capability of humic substances (HSs), fulvic acids (FA), humic acids (HA), and humin (HUM) from peat with TC. Finally, we evaluated sorption kinetic experiments between TC and peat in natura.Results and discussion
The peat samples, humic substances, FAs, HAs, and HUM were characterized by organic matter (OM), atomic ratio (H/C and C/O) calculated from elemental analysis data, functional groups quantified by NMR 13C data, and E4/E6 ratio, and the results show significant differences in the structural characteristics of the fractions of OM influenced by the type of microorganisms and environmental factors associated with this decomposition. Data analysis revealed the strongest interaction between HUM and TC (59.19 mg g?1), followed by interaction between HS and TC (43.36 mg g?1 HS). In the sorption studies, these conditions showed the best model to describe the system under consideration using the Freundlich model.Conclusions
The results showed that the different fractions of the OM extracted from peat show different contributions that affect the bioavailability of contaminants to the environment.40.
Márcia G. Ventura Maria Do Carmo Freitas Adriano M. G. Pacheco 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2005,166(1-4):167-179
Selenium contents in the Portuguese (mainland) territory, resulting from a few environmental studies held since 1990 using lichens, vascular plants, soils and air particulate matter (APM), are presented and discussed herein. Values for Se in soils, epiphytic lichens and higher plants are within the typical ranges found in the literature. Compared to vascular plants, lichens display higher contents at the same locations. In what concerns Se in airborne particulates, all surveyed sites show values that are typical of urban areas. In two of such sites – Monchique and Carregado – Se concentrations in transplanted lichen thalli of the Parmelia genus (mostly, Parmelia sulcata Taylor) were compared to the results obtained from airborne matter, and a good correlation was found for the corresponding data-sets at either location. Other than the degree of association, it is especially noteworthy that the lichen transplants appear to accumulate much more Se at Monchique (a remote, rather clean site) than at Carregado (in the immediate vicinity of an oil-fired, power plant), even if its amount in the atmosphere is lower at the former location. 相似文献