Evaluation of epidural administration of morphine or morphine and bupivacaine for postoperative analgesia after premedication with an opioid analgesic and orthopedic surgery in dogs     

Kona-Boun JJ  Cuvelliez S  Troncy E 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,229(7):1103-1112

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of epidural administration of morphine or a morphine-bupivacaine combination administered before orthopedic surgery in dogs that received opioid premedication. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical study. ANIMALS: 36 healthy adult dogs that underwent elective orthopedic surgery on a pelvic limb. PROCEDURES: Each dog received 1 of 3 epidural treatments before surgery. Anesthetic and supportive care protocols were standardized. Dogs under going different surgical procedures were randomly allocated among the 3 treatment groups. Respiratory and cardiovascular variables, end-tidal isoflurane concentration, and requirements for rescue analgesia were monitored. Postsurgical analgesia was evaluated with a multiparametric pain scoring system and by determination of rescue analgesia requirements and cortisolemia. RESULTS: The morphine-bupivacaine combination was associated with lower values than morphine or a saline solution for intraoperative arterial blood pressure; minimum and maximum isoflurane requirements; and postoperative pain scores, rescue analgesia requirements, and plasma cortisol concentrations. Values obtained after administration of morphine alone were not significantly different from those obtained after administration of saline solution for most variables. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The preoperative epidurally administered morphine-bupivacaine combination induced better analgesia than morphine alone and should be considered for use in clinical patients. The degree of hemodynamic depression associated with the combination was considered acceptable for healthy patients undergoing elective surgery.  相似文献   

A quantitative assessment of the ecological value of sycamore maple habitats in the French Alps   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yoan Paillet  Frédéric Archaux  Vincent Breton  Jean-Jacques Brun 《Annals of Forest Science》2008,65(7):713-713

? Naturalness is an important criterion in nature conservation assessment. At the stand-level, such assessment must be based on objective and quantifiable indicators measurable in the field.

? In this study, we used a multi-criterion method based on the difference between a Natural Value (NV) and a Conservation Value (CV) to quantify the ecological value of sycamore maple patches compared to the surrounding mixed forests. Indeed, sycamore habitats are considered of high natural and conservation value both by naturalists and by European institutions.

? Our results showed that the natural and conservation values were significantly higher for the sycamore forests than for the surrounding mixed forests and that this assessment did not depend on abiotic factors such as elevation or aspect. Actually, naturalness of structure and composition in the sycamore habitats was higher than for mixed forests and allowed us to differentiate between the two habitats.

? Managers could easily use this method in order to assess the ecological value of small habitats in mountainous regions and to provide guidelines for close-to-nature and conservation-related silviculture.

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Production of a new low-caffeine hybrid coffee and the biochemical mechanism of low caffeine accumulation     

Chifumi Nagai  Jean-Jacques Rakotomalala  Riko Katahira  Yeyun Li  Katsuya Yamagata  Hiroshi Ashihara 《Euphytica》2008,164(1):133-142

The GCAs are new tetraploid interspecific hybrids developed in Madagascar from Coffea eugenioides, C. canephora and C. arabica. Selected GCA having genotype UF1023 contained 0.37% DW caffeine and no detectable theobromine in green beans. Low caffeine accumulation in GCA plants is due mainly to the low biosynthetic activity of purine alkaloids, possibly the extremely weak N-methyltransferase reactions in caffeine biosynthesis. No significant catabolic activity of caffeine was found in GCA-UF1023, in common with almost all coffee plants including C. arabica.  相似文献   

Goat endothelial cells may be infected in vitro by transmigration of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus-infected leucocytes     

Lechat E  Milhau N  Brun P  Bellaton C  Greenland T  Mornex JF  Le Jan C 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2005,104(3-4):257-263

The caprine arthritis-encephalitis lentivirus (CAEV) causes a lifelong persistent infection in goats, and induces infiltrations of leucocytes and tissue reorganization in target organs, with a cyclical pattern of viral expression. The mammary gland is an important site of infection, associated with mother-to-kid transmission by infected cells in colostrum and milk. The monocyte/macrophage is the principal target cell, but other cell types, including epithelial and endothelial cells and fibroblasts, are susceptible to in vitro infection with varying levels of viral replication. Such cells, perhaps at specific differentiation states, might play a role in the regulation and transfer of in vivo infection in target organs. In this paper we describe the in vitro infection of endothelial cell monolayers by the transmigration of monocytes carrying the CAEV provirus. The infected endothelial cells progress to expression of the viral p30 capsid antigen, suggesting viral proliferation. Such a process occurring in vivo during angiogenesis and leucocyte homing to the mammary gland in the final third of mammogenesis, might contribute to viral spread in this crucial target organ.  相似文献   

AU-rich elements and the control of gene expression through regulated mRNA stability     

Gingerich TJ  Feige JJ  LaMarre J 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2004,5(1):49-63

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Protective killed Ehrlichia ruminantium vaccine elicits IFN-gamma responses by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in goats     

Esteves I  Walravens K  Vachiéry N  Martinez D  Letesson JJ  Totté P 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2004,98(1-2):49-57

Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) is considered as a key mediator of protective cell-mediated immunity against intracellular pathogens in general, and against Ehrlichia ruminantium, the causative agent of tick-borne heartwater disease of ruminants, in particular. However, the source of this important cytokine in animals immunized against E. ruminantium remains largely unknown. We have analyzed in goats protected by vaccination with a killed E. ruminantium vaccine, the potential of individual, genuine (i.e., non-cloned), T cell subsets to produce IFN-gamma after antigenic recall in vitro. In all vaccinated but none control animals, E. ruminantium-induced IFN-gamma secretion was observed in 24 h stimulated blood. Flow cytometric analysis of stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected after each vaccine inoculation indicated that immune CD4+ and CD8+ T cells contribute to the same extent to the production of IFN-gamma, while WC1+ T cells are less important. This was confirmed by blocking the secretion of IFN-gamma with anti-classes I and II major histocompatibility complex antibodies. Blocking experiments also suggest that CD8+ need the help of CD4+ T cells in order to produce IFN-gamma. Thus, this work underlines the key role of CD4+ T cells in the production of IFN-gamma by immune goat PBMC. It also describes, for the first time in ruminants, E. ruminantium-specific CD8+ effector T cells. Since CD4+ and CD8+ T cells collectively contribute to the production of IFN-gamma in most vaccinated animals, and since these responses are associated with protection, it may be that a recombinant vaccine will need to incorporate E. ruminantium antigens capable of driving both responses.  相似文献   

Melanosis of the urinary bladder in a cow   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Russo V  Borzacchiello G  Brun R  D'Ischia M  Napolitano A  Paciello O  Panzella L  Roperto F  Urraro C  Roperto S 《Veterinary pathology》2008,45(1):46-50

Melanosis of the urinary bladder is a very rare condition characterized by an abnormal black or brownish-black pigmentation of the organ. The pigmentary disorder can involve both the urothelial cell layers and/or the submucosa. The biologic potential of the melanosis of urinary bladder remains unknown because only a few cases have been reported in medical literature. So far melanosis of the urinary bladder is not known to occur in cattle. Here we describe the first case of melanosis of the urinary bladder in an inbred red-spotted, 7-year-old cow. Light, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemic investigations demonstrated melanin pigment in the submucosa and lamina propria but not the urothelium of the bladder. In addition, biochemical characterization of the pigment-laden cells demonstrated that the pigment of this disorder consisted mainly of eumelanin, thus corroborating the morphologic studies. Finally, virologic examination revealed the presence of bovine papillomavirus type 2.  相似文献   

Documenting the absence of brucellosis in cattle,goats and dogs in a “One Health” interface in the Mnisi community,Limpopo, South Africa     

Simpson  Gregory  Marcotty  Tanguy  Rouille  Elodie  Matekwe  Nelson  Letesson  Jean-Jacques  Godfroid  Jacques 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(4):903-906

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study shows the absence of the world’s most common bacterial zoonoses caused by Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in cattle, goats and dogs...  相似文献   

PHOSPHORUS USE EFFICIENCY FOR SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN FIXATION VARIES AMONG COMMON BEAN RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES UNDER P DEFICIENCY     

Fatma Tajini  Jean-Jacques Drevon 《Journal of plant nutrition》2014,37(4):532-545

This study compared the growth, nodulation, phosphorus use efficiency and nitrogen (N₂) fixation by six recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of Phaseolus vulgaris (RILs 147, 28, 83, 34, 7, and 104). These RILs were inoculated with Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 and grown in an aerated nitrogen-free nutrient solution at deficient versus sufficient phosphorous supplies (75 vs. 250 μmol P plant^?1 week^?1) in a glasshouse. Our results show that plant growth, nodulation, and symbiotic nitrogen fixation were significantly affected by P deficiency for all RILs, whereas this adverse effect was more pronounced in RILs 147, 83, 28 and 7 than in RILs 34 and 104. Under P deficiency, RILs 34 and 104 showed higher efficiency than other RILs in the use of P for their symbiotic N nutrition. It is concluded that P utilization efficiency may be a useful selection criterion for genotypic adaptation of N₂-fixing legumes to low P soils.  相似文献   

Prevalence and risk factors of obesity in an urban population of healthy cats     

Colliard L  Paragon BM  Lemuet B  Bénet JJ  Blanchard G 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2009,11(2):135-140

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